ICRF集体电子密度起伏的FIR激光散射

本文给出了在UCLA的Microtor装置上,用远红外(FIR)激光散射,对离子回旋共振频率范围(ICRF)的外驱动集体电子密度起伏的测量,并对这些结果进行了分析,发现实验结果直接与两种离子等离子体的快波模转换理论相符合。此外,也描述了本实验所用激光散射系统,简单地讨论了有待进一步探讨的问题。     

在CT-6B托卡马克上用氰化氢激光测量电子密度

用远红外激光测量等离子体电子密度的原理,曾有过报道.当一束远红外激光通过等离子体时,因为等离子体的折射率n<1,即在等离子体中电磁波传播的相速度大于光速c,所以远红外激光通过等离子体之后,其相位比通过同样的真空路程有一个移动.设这个相位移动为△Φ,则有式中c为光速,e为电子电荷,me为电子质量,。为远红外激光频率,L为光束通过等离子体的距离,刀杠)为。处的电子密度.*)式要 Iffxel。\tx-、,- v x～M(DNtn,Hopton“I——I,eq\InwhJ[]U*、————一口】7广下I 一pL J””“”“——“”一 \m,,本征频率. 对于氰化氢(HCN)激光,波…     

Comptonɢ��Ե��������м���˥�����Ե�Ӱ��

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型,研究了Compton散射对等离子体中激光衰减特性的影响.提出了Compton散射是影响激光衰减的一个重要机制,给出了激光能量和功率衰减值的表达式,并进行了数值模拟.结果表明,Compton散射对等离子体中传输的激光能量和功率衰减值有较大影响,理论计算和数值模拟符合得很好.这也为判断等离子体中发生Compton散射提供了依据.     

Compton散射对激光等离子体通道寿命的影响

为了研究多光子非线性Compton散射对飞秒激光退吸附作用对等离子体通道寿命的影响,应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和强飞秒激光在空气中产生等离子体通道内带电粒子动力学模型,提出了多光子非线性Compton散射是影响等离子体辐射阻尼和通道寿命的一个重要机制,给出了等离子体通道中带电粒子的修正动力学方程,并进行了数值计算和实验研究.结果表明:散射削弱了自由电子对氧分子的吸附和正负离子的复合,有效地补偿了等离子体的辐射阻尼效应,后续激光脉宽和间隔以及Compton散射是影响等离子体辐射阻尼和通道寿命的关键因素,理论计算与实验结果较好的吻合.     

Compton散射对激光等离子体通道寿命的影响

为了研究多光子非线性Compton散射对飞秒激光退吸附作用对等离子体通道寿命的影响,应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和强飞秒激光在空气中产生等离子体通道内带电粒子动力学模型,提出了多光子非线性Compton散射是影响等离子体辐射阻尼和通道寿命的一个重要机制,给出了等离子体通道中带电粒子的修正动力学方程,并进行了数值计算和实验研究。结果表明：散射削弱了自由电子对氧分子的吸附和正负离子的复合,有效地补偿了等离子体的辐射阻尼效应,后续激光脉宽和间隔以及Compton散射是影响等离子体辐射阻尼和通道寿命的关键因素,理论计算与实验结果较好的吻合。     

超强激光在均匀等离子体中的背向拉曼散射放大机制

使用等离子体背向受激拉曼散射对激光进行放大时,等离子体的密度、温度和长度都会对激光的放大效果产生影响.为了探究等离子体密度对结果的影响,本文使用一维粒子模拟程序模拟了波长为800 nm的泵浦激光入射到均匀等离子体中,等离子体密度和泵浦光光强对散射光光谱的影响.模拟结果表明,等离子体密度降低会导致散射光的波长变短,而泵浦光的光强在一定范围内降低会增加散射光中背向散射光的比例.通过分析散射光的光强和等离子体的密度,发现前向拉曼散射是等离子体密度变化的原因.模拟结果对等离子体背向受激拉曼散射放大的实验研究具有重要的指导意义.     

Compton散射下激光等离子体纵波色散特性

应用电子与多光子集团非线性Compton散射模型,研究了Compton散射下激光等离子体纵波色散特性.结果表明:长波支纵色散曲线由解析上的长波、数值计算结果和短波组成,长波支和短波支纵色散均随相对论正负电子对特征温度的增大而增大,随Compton散射引起的频率的增量的增大而降低,且单温激光等离子体的色散曲线与散射前的双温等离子体的色散曲线相似.     

Compton散射下激光等离子体纵波色散特性

应用电子与多光子集团非线性Compton散射模型,研究了Compton散射下激光等离子体纵波色散特性.结果表明:长波支纵色散曲线由解析上的长波、数值计算结果和短波组成,长波支和短波支纵色散均随相对论正负电子对特征温度的增大而增大,随Compton散射引起的频率的增量的增大而降低,且单温激光等离子体的色散曲线与散射前的双温等离子体的色散曲线相似.     

Compton散射下超强激光等离子体通道的演化

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型、空间动态补偿模型、非线性薛定谔方程和数值模拟方法,研究了Compton散射对超强飞秒激光等离子体中通道的影响,提出了将Compton散射光作为形成等离子体通道的新机制,给出了超强飞秒激光脉冲在等离子体中传播和电子密度随时间变化的非线性修正方程,并进行了数值模拟。并研究发现：散射使等离子体中电子密度峰值增大1个量级,半径增大1mm。激光最大功率密度被限制在1018W/m2以下,随传输距离增大缓慢衰减。传输初始阶段,单脉冲衰减能量较散射前增大2%,之后衰减较平缓。通过增加超强飞秒激光脉冲输入功率,能有效地增加电子密度峰值,有利于等离子体通道的形成。并对所的结论给出了初步物理解释。     

Compton散射下超强激光等离子体通道的演化

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型、空间动态补偿模型、非线性薛定谔方程和数值模拟方法,研究了Compton散射对超强飞秒激光等离子体中通道的影响,提出了将Compton散射光作为形成等离子体通道的新机制,给出了超强飞秒激光脉冲在等离子体中传播和电子密度随时间变化的非线性修正方程,并进行了数值模拟.研究发现:散射使等离子体中电子密度峰值增大1个量级,半径增大1 mm.激光最大功率密度被限制在10~(18)W/m~2以下,随传输距离增大缓慢衰减.传输初始阶段,单脉冲衰减能量较散射前增大2%,之后衰减较平缓.通过增加超强飞秒激光脉冲输入功率,能有效地增加电子密度峰值,有利于等离子体通道的形成.并对所的结论给出了初步物理解释.     

The application of homodyne spectroscopy to the study of low-frequency microturbulence in the TEXT tokamak

Summary The wave propagation direction of microturbulence in a tokamak plasma has been accurately measured by application of a new homodyne spectroscopy technique. This method has been used in conjunction with a collective far-infrared laser scattering experiment on TEXT. The low-frequency density fluctuations are observed to propagate primarily in the electron diamagnetic drift direction, however, the broadband spectra also possess an appreciable level of fluctuations traveling in the ion drift direction. Application of the homodyne spectroscopy technique represents an inexpensive and easily implemented alternative to the more technically demanding heterodyne schemes available in the far-infrared.     

New far-infrared laser lines from CH3Cl and CH3Br optically pumped with a continuously tunable high pressure CO2 laser

In this paper we report on the detection of new far-infrared laser lines from CH₃Cl and CH₃Br optically pumped with a continuously tunable high pressure CO₂ laser. We found 80 new lines for CH₃Cl and 9 new lines for CH₃Br in the frequency region between 16 cm^–1 and 41 cm^–1, all due to stimulated Raman scattering. For the Raman gain regions bandwidths up to about 700 MHz were found. We also observed high intensity short far-infrared laser pulses of durations in the nanosecond regime.Permanent address: Physics Department, State Pedagogical University, SU-119435 Moscow, USSR     

基于激光尾场加速的自反射式全光汤姆孙散射的参数优化

基于激光尾场加速的全光汤姆孙散射能够提供高质量X射线束并大大减小装置的尺寸.与分光式相比,自反射式的构架可以降低实验的时空同步难度,但是由于激光尾场电子加速和汤姆孙散射过程耦合, X射线优化难度大,目前缺乏参数优化的相关报道.本文用数值模拟修正解析理论的方法,定量分析了激光尾场电子加速和汤姆孙散射过程中激光和电子束的焦斑、脉宽、能量等参数变化情况,并给出了激光在等离子体镜上的反射率,从而实现了用解析公式计算而非数值模拟跟踪参数变化,在保证精度的同时节约了计算时间.另外,利用修正后的公式优化了给定激光条件下的自反射式全光汤姆孙散射X射线,通过改变等离子体密度和等离子体镜位置这两个参数给出了最优X射线亮度和光子产额,该方法为将来结合人工智能优化控制全光汤姆孙散射光源提供了理论基础.     

Maximizing the population inversion by optimizing the depopulation rate in far-infrared quantum cascade lasers

Electron–LO phonon and electron–electron transition rates are calculated for a three-level triple quantum well system to be employed as a laser operating in the far-infrared (30–300 μm) or terahertz (1–10 THz) region. The population ratio is determined from the ratio of the carrier lifetimes in levels |3〉 and |2〉. The most effective way of depopulating the lower laser level is found to be by LO phonon scattering to a strongly coupled state, as occurs at an anticrossing. Back scattering of carriers from level |1〉 to level |2〉 is significant at room temperature, but a population ratio of approximately 5 is possible nonetheless.     

Optically-Pumped Far-Infrared Laser Lines in Hydrazine, Methanol, Heavy Water, and Ammonia: New Laser Lines and Frequency Measurements

A far-infrared laser cavity designed to favor short-wavelength laser lines was used to generate optically-pumped far-infrared laser radiation. New far-infrared laser lines were discovered in hydrazine, heavy water, ammonia, and several short-wavelength lines previously discovered in methanol were observed. Wavelength, frequency, and relative intensity measurements were performed on laser lines in the wavelength range 42.4 to 253.7 m. Each far-infrared frequency measurement was obtained by mixing the far-infrared radiation with radiation from two reference CO₂ lasers and from a microwave synthesizer in a metal-insulator-metal diode. The pump laser was a high-Q Fabry Perot resonator oscillating on 275 grating-selected laser lines including regular, sequence, and hot band lines.     

New far-infrared emissions and frequency measurements in hydrazine

By means of a new CO₂ laser we performed a new investigation of the far-infrared laser emission spectrum of hydrazine excited by the 10P(32) and 10R(8) CO₂ laser lines. We found seven new lines and measured the frequency of four of them; moreover we measured the frequencies of two more lines previously reported in the literature with only wavelength measurements. The frequencies of the far-infrared laser emissions have been measured by means of a frequency-synthesis chain based on new InP Schottky diodes. The detected signal was beat-note generated in a Schottky diode between the far-infrared radiation, the harmonics of a 72 GHz frequency reference and a rf signal. We also characterized all of the observed lines by their polarization relative to the pumping CO₂ laser, the optimum pressure and the offset relative to the CO₂ center frequency. PACS 42.55.Lt; 42.62.Fi     

Intracenter Raman silicon lasers

Raman-type Stokes stimulated emission in the far-infrared wavelength range (52–65 μm) has been realized in silicon crystals doped by group-V hydrogen-like donor centers at low temperatures under optical excitation by radiation from a pulsed frequency-tunable infrared free-electron laser. The light scattering appears as an entire intracenter process and occurs on the donor electronic transitions being resonant to the intervalley transverse acoustic g phonon. The outgoing and incoming electronic donor resonances amplify the efficiency of scattering, so that the Raman optical gain increases to the values observed for the infrared room temperature Raman silicon lasers.     

New Far-Infrared Laser Lines and Frequency Measurements of Acetaldehyde and Vinyl Fluoride

Eight far-infrared laser lines have been obtained by optically pumping acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO) and nine by pumping vinyl fluoride (CH₂CHF) with a cw CO₂ laser. The far-infrared laser structure used a metal-dielectric waveguide cavity. This is the first reported observation of four of the laser lines in acetaldehyde. In this work, we measure the frequency, optimum pressure of operation, relative intensity, relative polarization, and pump offset from CO₂ laser-line center.     

Compton Back-Scattering γ-Ray Source Based on Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Ⅰ) Numerical Calculation of the Produced MeV γ-Ray

We propose a build to low-energy γ-ray beam line (SLEGS-Ⅰ) at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). By Compton back scattering (BCS) of infrared or far-infrared laser lights from 3.5 GeV electrons circulating in the storage ring of SSRF, high intense quasi-monochromatic BCS γ-rays with high linear or circular polarization ranging 1-25MeV will be produced. It can be widely applied to fundamental researching fields of nuclear physics, nuclear astrophysics and related applications. In this paper, we briefly present the outline of BCS theory and the properties of BCS γ-ray with numerical compution based on the major parameters of SSRF storage ring.     

1,4-萘醌的太赫兹,远红外及低频拉曼光谱研究

本文对1,4-萘醌进行了太赫兹时域光谱,远红外吸收光谱及低频拉曼散射谱的测试研究。1,4-萘醌的太赫兹吸收光谱与远红外谱仪测得的光谱取得了在1.75 THz(58.3 cm-1)/1.63 THz(54.3 cm-1)等处吸收峰位基本相同、两者相互佐证和补充的结果。将太赫兹和远红外吸收谱与低频拉曼散射谱进行比较,表明两种选择机制不同的光谱在1.04,1.72和4.59 THz等处的峰位基本重合,结合群论的不可约表示理论分析,表明该样品在低频波段具有拉曼活性和红外活性的振动属性(A1、B1或B2)。采用Gaussi-an03软件的密度泛函理论B3LYP函数和6-311基组模拟单分子红外与拉曼光谱,结合实验分析,对部分分子基团或原子振转模式给与了指认。