基于改进型平台直方图的红外均衡化算法

针对红外图像特别是红外弱小目标图像的特点,提出了一种基于改进型平台的直方图均衡算法。在设置统计上限平台阈值的基础上,设置了累计直方图上限阈值,并用修改的映射函数算法对图像进行均衡化处理。算法中的上限统计平台阈值对噪声进行了适当抑制,累计平台阈值自适应控制映射动态范围,从而克服了平台直方图均衡化对动态范围较窄的红外图像过分拉仲的缺点。相对平台直方图的均衡算法,该方法能够对多种复杂场景增强图像整体效果,在抑制噪声的同时较好地保持了图像细节。     

自适应红外目标特征增强算法

利用直方图均衡化和灰度变换增强算法,不能有效增强红外图像目标。鉴于此,在研究红外图像特点的基础上,提出了一种自适应红外目标特征增强算法。该算法先对红外图像进行中值滤波,滤除掉图像中的随机噪声,然后利用直方图分割将红外图像分为目标和背景2部分,通过线性加权叠加抑制背景和增强目标。实验表明,该算法不仅能够根据红外图像中目标的灰度特性自适应地选取直方图分割阈值,而且在去除噪声和增加对比度的同时还抑制了背景,达到了预期的效果。该算法尤其适用于目标和背景像素比例相近时直方图具有局域双峰特征的红外图像中目标的增强。     

基于自适应平台阈值和拉普拉斯变换的红外图像增强

针对红外图像对比度低和边缘模糊的特点,提出了一种结合自适应平台直方图均衡化和拉普拉斯变换的方法。采用双数字信号处理器(DSP)并行处理,其中一片DSP采用自适应平台直方图均衡化的方法获得对比度增强后的图像;另一片DSP则进行拉普拉斯变换获得原始图像的边缘图像;最后由第二片DSP完成两幅图像按系数相乘后的叠加融合。实验结果表明:该算法增强效果和实时性较好,处理频率可达50 Hz,既提高了图像对比度又清晰了图像边缘,是提高图像对比度和边缘清晰度的高效算法。     

基于自适应平台阈值和拉普拉斯变换的红外图像增强

针对红外图像对比度低和边缘模糊的特点,提出了一种结合自适应平台直方图均衡化和拉普拉斯变换的方法。采用双数字信号处理器（DSP）并行处理,其中一片DSP采用自适应平台直方图均衡化的方法获得对比度增强后的图像;另一片DSP则进行拉普拉斯变换获得原始图像的边缘图像;最后由第二片DSP完成两幅图像按系数相乘后的叠加融合。实验结果表明：该算法增强效果和实时性较好,处理频率可达50 Hz,既提高了图像对比度又清晰了图像边缘,是提高图像对比度和边缘清晰度的高效算法。     

极值温差红外图像的自适应双局部增强算法

针对目前红外焦平面成像系统在观察目标、特别是极值温差目标时,各温度段灰度描述不均匀和细节不够的问题,提出了一种自适应红外图像双局部增强算法。详细介绍了通过空间分布和灰度统计特性两个方向实现对极值温差图像自适应增强的方法,该方法首先从红外图像的空间分布特性出发,将图像切割成多个局部图像,然后再从直方图灰度分布出发,将局部图像的直方图进行聚类分段,并对分段直方图均衡增强,最后对生成的每个局部图像增强结果进行线性插值拼接完成增强算法。通过在红外焦平面系统中实验证明了极值温差自适应的红外图像双局部增强算法的可行性,并获得了很好的效果,成像质量有明显提高。     

一种水下对空成像图像增强算法

针对水下对空成像图像的低对比度增强问题,在对两种直方图均衡化技术详细分析的基础上,提出了一种改进的直方图均衡化的快速算法.该算法将图像划分为不同子区域,计算子区域的均衡化函数,然后设置移动子块的大小和移动步长,最后采用插值方法实现图像的平滑处理.该算法在较好地突出图像细节信息、消除块状效应的同时,避免了复杂的数学运算,取得了较好的效果.     

基于改进CLAHE的SF_6红外图像增强

针对六氟化硫(SF_6)红外图像对比度低、纹理细节模糊而难以增强泄漏区域的问题,提出了基于改进限制对比度的自适应直方图均衡化(CLAHE)的SF_6红外图像增强算法。采用双边滤波将原始图像分为基础图像和细节图像;采用CLAHE算法来处理基础图像,提高泄漏区域的对比度;对细节图像进行分段线性变换和拉普拉斯变换图像,以突出图像的边缘;将两幅图像进行线性叠加以获取最终的红外图像,实现图像增强。实验结果表明,算法对SF_6红外图像泄漏区域的增强效果优于常见的几种红外图像增强算法,不仅有效地抑制了噪声和提高泄漏区域的对比度,而且突出泄漏区域的边缘,丰富了细节信息。     

一种可控的视频图像动态对比度增强算法

为增强显示设备进行视频信号显示时的图像对比度,提出了一种幅度可控的动态对比度增强算法。该算法利用一组归一化线性直方图数据和输入图像的归一化灰度直方图数据的结合,实现对输入图像的权重化直方图均衡化处理,进而达到幅度可控的动态对比度增强效果。该算法可以通过控制对比度增强幅度来避免传统直方图均衡化产生的过增强现象。将基于该算法的实时图像处理器应用于50英寸AC PDP上,实验结果表明,其对比度获得显著提升,并且能够根据外部接口的调节实现幅度可控的对比度增强效果。     

一种基于修正直方图的图像增强算法

针对雾天降质图像对比度低的问题,提出了一种基于修正直方图的图像增强算法。统计图像的直方图时,每个像素分为两部分,一部分累加到当前像素灰度级,剩余部分按灰度级平均分配,实现直方图的修正,然后根据修正直方图产生灰度映射函数,由于每个像素只有一部分累加到当前灰度级,这样可以避免局部图像的过度增强。实验表明,该算法比经典的直方图均衡化算法、局部直方图均衡化算法有更好的增强效果。     

海面目标的红外景象增强技术研究

海天类红外图像的增强要求去除风浪等的环境影响,同时增强目标区域的对比度。通过探索几种典型的图像增强算法,结合红外图像梯度幅值直方图特点,提出基于梯度域的海面红外场景增强算法,将低梯度值置零去除海浪干扰,调整梯度范围对结果控制亮度,利用有效梯度范围均衡化增强目标区域的细节。实验结果表明,该算法可以明显降低图像的干扰信息,同时提高目标区域的对比度和信息熵。     

A new adaptive contrast enhancement algorithm for infrared images based on double plateaus histogram equalization

In infrared images, detail pixels are easily immerged in large quantity of low-contrast background pixels. According to these characteristics, an adaptive contrast enhancement algorithm based on double plateaus histogram equalization for infrared images was presented in this paper. Traditional double plateaus histogram equalization algorithm used constant threshold and could not change the threshold value in various scenes, so that its practical usage is limited. In the proposed algorithm, the upper and lower threshold value could be calculated by searching local maximum and predicting minimum gray interval and be updated in real time. With the proposed algorithm, the background of infrared image was constrained while the details could also be enhanced. Experimental results proved that the proposed algorithm can effectively enhance the contrast of infrared images, especially the details of infrared images.     

Image contrast enhancement using adjacent-blocks-based modification for local histogram equalization

Infrared images usually have some non-ideal characteristics such as weak target-to-background contrast and strong noise. Because of these characteristics, it is necessary to apply the contrast enhancement algorithm to improve the visual quality of infrared images. Histogram equalization (HE) algorithm is a widely used contrast enhancement algorithm due to its effectiveness and simple implementation. But a drawback of HE algorithm is that the local contrast of an image cannot be equally enhanced. Local histogram equalization algorithms are proved to be the effective techniques for local image contrast enhancement. However, over-enhancement of noise and artifacts can be easily found in the local histogram equalization enhanced images. In this paper, a new contrast enhancement technique based on local histogram equalization algorithm is proposed to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above. The input images are segmented into three kinds of overlapped sub-blocks using the gradients of them. To overcome the over-enhancement effect, the histograms of these sub-blocks are then modified by adjacent sub-blocks. We pay more attention to improve the contrast of detail information while the brightness of the flat region in these sub-blocks is well preserved. It will be shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms other related algorithms by enhancing the local contrast without introducing over-enhancement effects and additional noise.     

几种直方图变换法在输电接头红外热像增强中的对比研究

由红外热像仪直接得到的热像会受很多外来因素的干扰而致使图像模糊不清、对比度差,由此在故障诊断过程中,需要对热像进行后续增强处理。总结了影响热故障红外检测准确性的外部因素,分析了输电接头热像的基本特征,采用了基于平方根灰度变换直方图修正和全局均衡化两种方法对热像进行了增强处理。在分析上述两种方法优劣的基础上,提出了一种基于线性平滑滤波的局部均衡化方法。结果表明,基于线性平滑滤波的局部均衡化方法对于处理输电接头热像更有效。     

Image enhancement via Median-Mean Based Sub-Image-Clipped Histogram Equalization

This paper presents a robust contrast enhancement algorithm based on histogram equalization methods named Median-Mean Based Sub-Image-Clipped Histogram Equalization (MMSICHE). The proposed algorithm undergoes three steps: (i) The Median and Mean brightness values of the image are calculated. (ii) The histogram is clipped using a plateau limit set as the median of the occupied intensity. (iii) The clipped histogram is first bisected based on median intensity then further divided into four sub images based on individual mean intensity, subsequently performing histogram equalization for each sub image. This method achieves multi objective of preserving brightness as well as image information content (entropy) along with control over enhancement rate, which in turn suits for consumer electronics applications. This method avoids excessive enhancement and produces images with natural enhancement. The simulation results show that MMSICHE method outperforms other HE methods in terms of various image quality measures, i.e. average luminance, average information content (entropy), absolute mean brightness error (AMBE) and background gray level.     

Variational infrared image enhancement based on adaptive dual-threshold gradient field equalization

Infrared images are characterized by low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and fuzzy texture edges. This article introduces the variational infrared image enhancement algorithm based on gradient field equalization with adaptive dual thresholds. Firstly, we transform the image into gradient domain and get the gradient histogram. Then, we do the gradient histogram equalization. By setting adaptive dual thresholds to qualify the gradients, the image is prevented from over enhancement. The total variation (TV) model is adopted in the reconstruction of the enhanced image to suppress noise. It is shown from experimental results that the image edge details are significantly enhanced, and therefore the algorithm is qualified for enhancement of infrared images in different applications.     

A quantitative measure based infrared image enhancement algorithm using plateau histogram

A quantitative measure based scene-adaptive contrast enhancement algorithm for an infrared (IR) image is proposed. This method regulates the probability density function (PDF) of the raw image firstly, and then applies an improved plateau histogram equalization method whose plateau threshold is determined by the concavity of the regulated PDF to enhance the raw IR image. In the stepped parameter tuning process of the algorithm, quantitative measure EME is used as the criterion to determine the optimal PDF regulator factor and plateau threshold. The above improvements contribute to the performance promotion of the proposed algorithm, whose effectiveness is validated by the final assessment with visual quality and quantitative measures.