远红外Ge-Ga-Te-Ag硫系玻璃性能研究（英文）

采用传统的熔融-淬冷法制备了一系列的(Ge_(15)Ga_(10)Te_(75))_(100-x)(Ag)_x硫系玻璃样品.通过X射线衍射、差式扫描量热法、傅里叶红外光谱仪等测试了玻璃样品的热学及光学性能.结果表明该玻璃具有良好的非晶态特性和热稳定性,玻璃开始析晶温度和玻璃转变温度的差值都超过了100℃.随着Ag含量的增加,玻璃的吸收截止边产生了红移.通过提纯,Ge-Ga-Te-Ag玻璃在1.8~20μm有着较宽且平坦的红外光学窗口.Ge-Ga-Te-Ag玻璃组分的优良性质使其在红外领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

TiO2对磷酸钙玻璃结构影响的Raman光谱研究

利用Raman光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)和热分析(DSC)技术研究了包容TiO2的磷酸钙玻璃的结构特点.结果表明,TiO2添加量小于3 mol%时,与磷酸钙形成均质玻璃.添加量为6～12 mol%时,玻璃基体中生成了Ca2P2O7和CaTi4(PO4)6品相.随着TiO2的加入,玻璃体系中发生了偏磷酸盐向焦磷酸盐和正磷酸盐的结构转变.TiO2添加量小于3 mol%时,加入TiO2增强了玻璃结构的内聚力,使得玻璃转变温度逐渐提高,玻璃的热稳定性增强.     

双卤化物共掺新型硫系多光谱玻璃的制备及性能

利用传统熔融-淬冷工艺制备了65GeS_2-15Ga_2S_3-(20-x)CsCl-xCsI(x=0,5,10,15,20)系列硫卤玻璃;通过测试该系列玻璃样品的密度、显微硬度、可见/近红外吸收光谱、红外透射光谱、喇曼谱、XRD衍射谱、玻璃转变温度等,对其进行了系统研究.结果表明:该系列玻璃具有较宽的成玻范围,在0.42~12μm范围内具有良好的透过率;随着CsI含量(mol%)的增加,玻璃的密度逐渐增大;随着CsCl含量(mol%)的增加,光学带隙以及硬度逐渐增大;玻璃样品的玻璃转变温度随Cl~-、I~-的共掺比例发生明显变化,当Cl~-(mol%):I-(mol%)=1时,玻璃转变温度最低.     

Zr-Al-Ni-Cu(Nb,Ti)大块非晶玻璃转变的动力学性质

以Zr-Al-Ni-Cu (Nb,Ti)大块非晶合金差示扫描量热分析实验为基础,利用Lasocka方程、Kissinger方程及Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman(VFT)方程对其玻璃转变的动力学性质从不同方面进行了研究.分析结果表明：玻璃转变表观激活能越小,则晶化转变激活能越大,表现出相反的难易程度,且玻璃转变表观激活能数值远较传统非晶要小,验证了大块非晶合金独特的结构特点及玻璃形成能力(GFA)强的原因.利用VFT方程对玻璃转变弛豫时间与升温速度的VFT曲线 进行了拟合,所算得的玻璃脆性参数m均在30左右,反映了Zr-Al-Ni-Cu (Nb,Ti)非晶合金强 的脆性属性.玻璃转变处Lasocka关系的B值、原子表观激活能及玻璃脆性参数均反映了相同的GFA大小趋势,从不同方面进一步揭示了非晶合金玻璃转变区间的动力学行为与GFA之 间的密切联系,可作为判断非晶合金GFA强弱的重要依据. 关键词： 玻璃转变 玻璃形成能力 表观激活能 玻璃脆性参数     

荧光俘获效应对掺铒氧化物玻璃光谱性质的影响

测试了不同掺杂浓度和样品厚度下掺铒磷酸盐和碲酸盐玻璃的吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命,计算了Er3+离子在1.53 μm处的吸收截面(σa)、发射截面(σe)、自发辐射跃迁概率(Arad)、辐射跃迁寿命(τrad)、以及辐射跃迁量子效率(η)等光谱参数.讨论了荧光俘获效应对掺铒磷酸盐和碲酸盐玻璃光谱性质及光谱参数的影响.结果表明即使在铒离子低掺杂浓度(0.1 mol% Er2O3)下,荧光俘获效应也普遍存在于掺铒玻璃材料中,使得荧光寿命(τf)和荧光半高宽(FWHM)随样品的厚度和铒离子掺杂浓度增加而增大,导致碲酸盐和磷酸盐玻璃中τf分别增加11%-37%和6%-17%,FWHM分别增加15%-64%和11%-55%,使得掺铒玻璃材料的放大品性参数(σe×FWHM) 也相应被估高.由于铒离子在碲酸盐玻璃中在1.53 μm处吸收和发射截面重叠面积较大,加之铒离子在前者基质中的发射截面高于后者,使得掺铒碲酸盐玻璃中的荧光俘获效应高于磷酸盐玻璃.     

Zr-Al-Ni-Cu(Nb,Ti)大块非晶玻璃转变的动力学性质

以Zr Al Ni Cu(Nb ,Ti)大块非晶合金差示扫描量热分析实验为基础 ,利用Lasocka方程、Kissinger方程及Vogel Fulcher Tamman(VFT)方程对其玻璃转变的动力学性质从不同方面进行了研究 .分析结果表明 :玻璃转变表观激活能越小 ,则晶化转变激活能越大 ,表现出相反的难易程度 ,且玻璃转变表观激活能数值远较传统非晶要小 ,验证了大块非晶合金独特的结构特点及玻璃形成能力 (GFA)强的原因 .利用VFT方程对玻璃转变弛豫时间与升温速度的VFT曲线进行了拟合 ,所算得的玻璃脆性参数m均在 30左右 ,反映了Zr Al Ni Cu(Nb ,Ti)非晶合金强的脆性属性 .玻璃转变处Lasocka关系的B值、原子表观激活能及玻璃脆性参数均反映了相同的GFA大小趋势 ,从不同方面进一步揭示了非晶合金玻璃转变区间的动力学行为与GFA之间的密切联系 ,可作为判断非晶合金GFA强弱的重要依据     

GeO2-Bi2O3-MOx(MOx=WO3,BaO)玻璃近红外超宽带发光的研究

(99.5-χ)GeO2-XBaO-0.5Bi2O3(χ=3,6,9mol%)与(99.5-(4))GeO2-(4)WO3-0.5Bi2O3((4)=3,6,9mol%)玻璃,测定了样品的发射光谱(800 nmLD激发)、吸收光谱、荧光衰减和差热曲线.实验结果表明,在GeO2-.WO3-Bi2O3系统玻璃中,随着WO3含量的增加,在1260 nm处的发光强度增强,荧光半高宽(FWHM)增宽,荧光寿命增长,而且玻璃的吸收边带发生明显的红移;在GeO2-BaO-Bi2O3系统玻璃中,随着BaO含量的增加,玻璃在1290 nm处发光强度增强,FWHM增宽,荧光寿命增长,吸收边带也有明显的红移.从吸收边带发生红移的情况,结合发射光谱和荧光衰减曲线特性,我们推断玻璃样品在近红外的宽带发光可能由Bi5+离子所引起.从荧光特性估算了玻璃的σ×τ和σp×△λ值,这些玻璃均具有较小的σp×τ和较大的σ×△λ特性,说明GeO2-Bi2O3-MOx(MOx=WO3,BaO)系统玻璃是研制成近红外(O到S波段)超宽带光纤放大器的良好材料.     

新型远红外Ge-Ga-Te-KBr硫系玻璃性能研究

用传统的熔融淬冷法制备了远红外Te基硫系玻璃(Ge15Ga10Te75)100-x(KBr)x(x=2、4、6、8mol%).利用X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪等设备测试玻璃的结构和物化性质,分析了引入KBr对Te玻璃的结构、化学和物理热稳定性等方面的影响;利用分光光度计、红外光谱仪等光学方法研究了该类Te玻璃的光谱性质,分析了KBr对该类玻璃的短波吸收和红外透过光谱的影响;利用Tauc方程估算了玻璃样品直接和间接的光学带隙.实验结果表明:随着KBr含量的增加,玻璃的短波截止边发生红移,而红外截止边基本没有发生变化,该组玻璃始终保持较宽的红外透过范围.     

Er3+/Yb3+共掺碲钨酸盐玻璃的光谱性质和热稳定性的研究

制备了Er3+ 和Yb3+ 共掺的碲钨酸盐玻璃样品 6 5TeO2 2 5WO3 10RmOn(RmOn =PbO ,BaO) ,(6 5 +x)TeO2 (2 5 x)WO3 10La2 O3(x=0 ,5 ,10 ) ,(6 0 +x)TeO2 (30 x)WO3 10Bi2 O3(x =0 ,5 ,10 ) .测试了玻璃样品的吸收光谱、荧光光谱、能级寿命及热稳定性能 .结果表明除含Bi2 O3的碲钨酸盐玻璃外 ,其余玻璃样品均没出现析晶开始温度 (Tx) ,说明碲钨酸盐是一种适合于光纤拉制的玻璃基质材料 .应用Judd Ofelt理论计算了强度参数Ωt(t =2 ,4 ,6 ) ,研究表明Ω2 在碲钨酸盐玻璃中主要受到Er O键的共价性的影响 ,而Er3+ 离子周围配位场的非对称性影响可以忽略 .测得了Er3+ 在 1 5 μm发射谱的荧光半高宽 (FWHM =71— 77nm )和Er3+ 的4 I1 3 2 能级寿命 (τm =3— 3 .4ms) .应用McCumber理论计算了Er3+ 在 1. 5 μm处的受激发射截面 (σpeak=0 . 6 8— 1. 0 3× 10 - 2 0 cm2 ) .比较了Er3+ 在不同玻璃基质里的 1. 5 μm荧光带宽和发射截面 ,研究结果表明碲钨酸盐玻璃是一种制备宽带光纤放大器的理想基质材料 .     

Ti4+掺杂硼硅酸盐微晶玻璃的光谱特性

制备了Ti4+掺杂硼硅酸盐玻璃,根据玻璃样品的差热分析(DTA)进行微晶化处理,测试了Ti4+掺杂硼硅酸盐微晶玻璃的X射线衍射(XRD)谱、透射电镜(TEM)图像、吸收光谱和发射光谱.根据Scherrer公式计算了BaYF5微晶的平均晶粒尺寸并与TEM图像进行比对.在紫外光激发下,观察到Ti4+掺杂BaYF5硼硅酸盐微...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.