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1.
沈子威  黄美珍 《光子学报》1996,25(4):371-377
本文介绍了一套经过改进的Nd:YAG紫外激光微束系统,以小鼠巨噬细胞及Hela细胞为实验材料,并利用多种荧光物质作为导入物,系统地研究了激光微束辐射剂量与细胞存活率、外源物质导入率的关系,为深入地研究激光微束与细胞的相互作用机理摸索出优化条件.  相似文献   

2.
本文详细地介绍了我们自己设计和安装的一个Nd:YAG超短脉冲激光微束系统,该系统分成二个部分:激光源和显微镜。由电光调Q非稳腔Nd:YAG激光倍频后得到355nm紫外光进入显微镜并由物镜聚焦。同时,这超短脉冲激光微束照射在细胞上并且在细胞上产生一个可以自恢复的小孔。在文中我们还讨论了超短脉冲激光微束与细胞之间作用效应及机理。  相似文献   

3.
 世界上第一台激光器问世后不久,激光技术就在细胞生物学的研究上得到了广泛的应用,并出现了一门新学科--激光细胞生物学.细胞是生物体的形态结构和生命活动的基本单位,要研究生命现象的活动规律就必须研究细胞的内部结构及其功能.但是,细胞本身的体积极小,直径只有几个微米到几十微米,细胞内部的结构则更加精细复杂,所以在揭示生命奥秘的过程中,现代化的研究工具和手段是不可缺少的.激光由于具有强度高、方向性好和单色性好等优点,经过透镜聚焦后可以形成功率密度高而光斑直径仅为微米量级的微光束,利用激光微光束可以对细胞进行俘获、打孔、融合、切断、转移和移植等操作.  相似文献   

4.
激光超衍射加工机理与研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
张心正  夏峰  许京军 《物理学报》2017,66(14):144207-144207
随着纳米科技和微纳电子器件的发展,制造业对微纳加工技术的要求越来越高.激光加工技术是一种绿色先进制造技术,具有巨大的发展潜力,己广泛应用于不同的制造领域.为实现低成本、高效率、大面积尤其是高精度的激光微纳加工制造,研究和发展激光超衍射加工技术具有十分重要的科学意义和应用价值.本文首先阐述了基于非线性效应的远场激光直写超衍射加工技术的原理与国内外发展状况,包括激光烧蚀加工技术、激光诱导改性加工技术和多光子光聚合加工技术等;然后介绍了几种基于倏逝波的近场激光超衍射加工技术,包括扫描近场光刻技术、表面等离子激元光刻技术等新型超衍射激光近场光刻技术的机理与研究进展;最后对激光超衍射加工中存在的问题及未来发展方向进行了讨论.  相似文献   

5.
6H-SiC的飞秒激光超衍射加工   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
云志强  魏汝省  李威  罗维维  吴强  徐现刚  张心正 《物理学报》2013,62(6):68101-068101
利用飞秒激光直写微纳加工平台, 对6H-SiC材料进行了突破衍射极限的微纳结构加工研究. 使用中心波长和脉宽分别为800 nm和130 fs的钛蓝宝石激光器和荧光倒置显微镜搭建了飞秒激光直写微纳加工平台, 研究了在不同的实验条件下对6H-SiC的光学加工情况, 采用扫描电子显微镜对加工结构进行表征. 通过分析不同的激光功率和不同的曝光时间等实验条件下加工的分辨率, 发现分辨率随着激光功率的减小而提高, 随扫描速度的增大而提高, 且能突破光学衍射极限. 最终获得125 nm的加工线宽, 并加工了加工线宽240 nm, 周期1.0 μm的线阵列. 研究结果为微机电系统(MEMS)的微器件设计开创了新的思路, 对发展MEMS器件具有重要意义. 关键词: 飞秒激光直写 超衍射加工 6H-SiC 微机电系统  相似文献   

6.
激光类型不同,其与生物组织的作用机理也不同。其中飞秒激光由于脉冲持续时间短、瞬时功率大、聚焦尺寸小的特点,使得其在超快、超强和超精细领域有着广阔的应用前景。而结构微小的细胞的动力学研究,如有丝分裂、变形和凋亡,对于了解细胞的生物和发育行为有着重要作用。且生物大分子和水几乎不吸收近红外波长的光,故考虑应用近红外飞秒激光对细胞进行手术。这种激光手术技术已用于对细胞内结构进行切割和蚀除。介绍了该技术在细胞领域中的一些应用,如纳米手术、基因转染和染色体切割等。与传统技术相比,该技术精度高,可在不损伤细胞活性的前提下对细胞进行实验。  相似文献   

7.
对飞秒激光脉冲在透明介质中产生微爆的物理机制进行了研究,比较了长短激光脉冲的光击穿机制,基于Fokker-Planck方程建立了飞秒激光微爆模型,给出了飞秒激光脉冲在透明介质中产生微爆的阈值解析表达式.针对飞秒激光脉冲在熔石英介质中的微爆阈值进行了计算,得到的结果与实验结果基本相符.  相似文献   

8.
张琪  曾文进  夏瑞东 《物理学报》2015,64(9):94202-094202
有机激光器因其制备简单, 价格低廉和易于集成等优势, 一直以来备受科研工作者的关注. 与无机激光介质相比, 有机激光材料来源广泛, 并具有发射光谱宽, 吸收与发射截面积大等特性, 因而有很大的发展潜力. 本文从激光的基本原理出发, 对有机激光材料的种类、特性进行了归纳, 并总结了高效有机激光材料的普遍特征; 分类讨论了常见有机激光微腔的类型与特点, 对有机激光系统内增益与损耗之间的动态关系进行了探讨. 鉴于实现电抽运激光一直以来都是有机激光领域期待解决的难题, 本文重点讨论了当前电抽运有机激光的研究现状和发展瓶颈, 以及科研工作者们对此问题的不懈探索和已有的工作基础. 最后总结了光抽运有机激光近年来的总体进展, 未来的研究方向, 这对于读者拓展新的研究思路有很好的参考和借鉴意义.  相似文献   

9.
微杂质污染一直是影响精密器件制造质量和使用寿命的关键因素之一.对于微纳米杂质颗粒用传统的清洗方式(超声清洗等)难以去除,而激光等离子体冲击波具有高压特性,可以实现纳米量级杂质颗粒的去除,具有很大的应用潜力.本文主要研究了激光等离子体去除微纳米颗粒过程中的热力学效应:实验研究了激光等离子体在不同脉冲数下对Si基底上Al颗粒去除后的颗粒形貌变化,发现大颗粒会发生破碎而转变成小颗粒,一些颗粒达到熔点后发生相变形成光滑球体,这源于等离子体的热力学效应共同作用的结果.为了研究微粒物态转化过程,基于冲击波传播理论研究,得到冲击波压强与温度特性的演化规律;同时,利用有限元模拟方式研究激光等离子冲击波压强和温度对微粒作用规律,得到了颗粒内随时间变化的应力分布和温度分布,并在此基础上得到等离子体对颗粒的热力学作用机制.  相似文献   

10.
激光高精度细胞微手术机理的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
姚翠萍  李政  张镇西 《光学学报》2005,25(12):664-1669
激光微手术的精度通常受到热作用或者热机械效应间接损伤的限制。把激光脉宽调整到与吸收颗粒的热弛豫时间一致可以避免热副作用,可对所选细胞产生选择性处理。这里胶体金与牛肠硷性磷酸脂酶(Alkaline phosphatase,AP)结合物作为分析强吸收颗粒附近的蛋白质变性的模型系统,利用皮秒和纳秒激光对结合体进行照射,在一定的条件下可以使蛋白质失活,并可以使细胞膜的通透性提高。通过计算可知,采用脉宽为皮秒或者纳秒级的激光照射纳米吸收物(胶体金)时,颗粒很容易被加热到几百开,而且热效应仅限于几十纳米的空间范围内。利用纳米吸收颗粒进行激光微手术的方法.在蛋白质失活的情况下对其机弹讲行了分析.  相似文献   

11.
研究对比了激光直接辐照、聚焦辐照以及激光等离子体辐照三种辐照方式下,洋葱表皮细胞的烧蚀特征,并基于激光辐照的热力学特性对细胞的温升以及相变过程进行分析。观察发现:直接辐照对细胞的杀伤效果很不明显;聚焦辐照会引起焦点附近细胞的断裂以及脱水;激光等离子体辐照作用下,细胞会呈现大面积的去除,断裂边缘粗糙,且细胞层有叠加现象。理论分析发现,激光等离子体具有热效应、辐射电离及冲击波效应等,会增加激光脉冲能量到细胞的沉积、以及对细胞冲击剥离等,从而会大大增加细胞的杀伤范围和效率,可用于对细胞进行大面积杀伤。  相似文献   

12.
We demonstrated the stimulation of neurons at a single-cell level in cultured neuronal network by a focused femtosecond laser. When the femtosecond laser was focused on a neuron loaded with a fluorescent calcium indicator, the fluorescence intensity immediately increased at the laser spot, suggesting that intracellular Ca2+ increases in the neuronal cell due to the femtosecond laser irradiation. The probability of Ca2+ elevation at the laser spot depended on the average laser power, irradiation time, and position of the focal point along the optical axis, indicating that the femtosecond laser activates neurons because of multiphoton absorption. Moreover, after laser irradiation of a single neuron cultured on multielectrode arrays, the evoked electrical activity of the neurons was demonstrated by electrophysiological systems, which concluded that the focused femtosecond laser could achieve stimulating a single neuron in a neuronal network with high spatial and temporal resolution.  相似文献   

13.
When an 800 nm femtosecond laser is tightly focused into cell culture medium a stress wave is generated at the laser focal point. Since the stress wave localizes in a few tens of μm, it is possible to locally stimulate single cells in vitro. In this work, several kinds of cultured mammalian cells, HeLa, PC12, P19CL6, and C2C12, were stimulated by the stress wave and the cell growth after the stress loading with the laser irradiation was investigated. In comparison with the control conditions, cell growth after the laser irradiation was enhanced for the cells of C2C12 and P19CL6, which can differentiate into myocytes, and suppressed for PC12 and HeLa cell lines. These results suggest a possibility of cell growth enhancement due to myogenic cells response to the femtosecond laser-induced stress.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Microinjection of extracellular molecules into a single animal cell was performed by an amplified femtosecond laser irradiation. When a single-shot laser pulse was focused on the plasma membrane of a single fibroblast from the mouse cell line NIH3T3 with a high-numerical aperture objective lens, a transient hole with a diameter of 1 μm was formed. The delivery process of extracellular molecules immediately after the hole formation was monitored by a fluorescence staining with fluoresceinisothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran). Then the gene expression was confirmed using a DNA plasmid of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The gene expression was observed when the laser pulse was focused first on the cellular membrane and then on the nuclear membrane, while the gene was not expressed when the laser was focused only on the cellular membrane. On the basis of these results, the efficiency of gene delivery by the femtosecond laser microinjection and the subsequent gene expression were clarified.  相似文献   

16.
Chen  I.-H.  Chu  S.-W.  Sun  C.-K.  Cheng  P.-C.  Lin  B.-L. 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(12):1251-1266
Molecular excitation by the simultaneous absorption of two photons provides intrinsic three-dimensional resolution in laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. Thus induced two-photon absorption and the accompanied multi-photon absorption/ionization not only cause photo-bleaching but also cell damage in the vicinity of the focal point. In this paper, we study the wavelength dependent cell damage induced by high intensity femtosecond near infrared lasers. The study was performed with a Ti:sapphire laser and a Cr:forsterite laser. With a longer output wavelength from a Cr:forsterite laser, multi-photon absorption and auto-fluorescence were found to be significantly suppressed and the destructive plasma formation was found to be greatly reduced. Sustained multi-photon spectra can be observed in most plant specimens with a tightly focused Cr:forsterite laser beam under long term irradiation with more than 100 mW laser average power. In contrast, multi-photon absorption induced destructive plasma formation were frequently observed with a tightly focused Ti:sapphire laser beam within seconds with more than 10 mW laser average power.  相似文献   

17.
Three-dimensional dissection of a single actin stress fiber in a living cell was performed based on multi-photon absorption of a focused femtosecond laser pulse. The realignment process of an actin stress fiber was investigated after its direct cutting by a single-shot femtosecond laser pulse irradiation by high-speed transmission and fluorescence imaging methods. It was confirmed that mechanical force led by the femtosecond laser cutting propagates to entire cell through the cytockelton in a 100 μs time scale. The cut actin stress fiber was realigned in the time scale of a few tens of minutes. The dynamic analysis of the realignment induced by single-shot femtosecond laser gives new information on cell activity.  相似文献   

18.
Himei Y  Qiu J  Nakajima S  Sakamoto A  Hirao K 《Optics letters》2004,29(23):2728-2730
Novel optical attenuation fibers were fabricated by the irradiation of a focused infrared femtosecond pulsed laser onto the core of a silica glass single-mode optical fiber. Optical attenuation at a wavelength of 1.55 microm proportionally increased with increasing numbers of irradiation points and was controllable under laser irradiation conditions. The single-mode property of the waveguide and the mode-field diameter of the optical fiber were maintained after irradiation of the femtosecond laser. It is suggested that the attenuation results from optical scattering at photoinduced spots formed inside the fiber core.  相似文献   

19.
低强度激光辐照HeLa细胞诱导增殖效应的可见光谱特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
比较研究了可见波段405,514,633和785nm低强度激光辐照HeLa细胞的促增殖效应。实验采用100和1 000J.m-2两种有效能量密度的可见光波辐照细胞,照射后24,48,72h采用MTT法检测细胞活性。结果表明,405,633,785nm激光均能促进HeLa细胞增殖,且呈波长和时间依赖性;633nm激光辐照对细胞促增殖效应最显著;514nm激光辐照对HeLa细胞促增殖效应较不明显。不同光剂量对细胞增殖效应不同,405,633,785nm激光辐照时能量密度为1 000J.m-2的辐照组细胞增殖均较100J.m-2辐照组明显,而514nm激光辐照时1 000J.m-2辐照组与100J.m-2辐照组细胞增殖的差异不明显。  相似文献   

20.
高速气流中激光加热平板数值模拟与分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
 采用流固耦合方法,数值模拟了高速流场中激光作用下来流速度对平板温度分布的影响。结果表明:无激光辐照时,高速气流中平板有较高的气动生热平衡温度,且平板-气流之间的换热系数随来流速度增大而增大;在平板前沿换热系数增长最快,沿平板长度方向增速趋于平缓。分析了激光辐照时高速气流中激光加热平板的温度分布情况,考察了来流速度不同时,气动生热、散热和激光辐照对平板温度的影响,给出了激光辐照后的温升情况和温度分布,分析了在不同速度来流下,对流散热、摩擦生热和激光加热之间的竞争关系,结果表明,平板温度具体分布主要是加热过程竞争的结果。  相似文献   

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