湍流对多孔介质内预混火焰影响的初步研究

当气流速度较大时,多孔介质内预混燃烧的模拟需要考虑湍流的影响,本文利用简化的k-ε双方程湍流反应流模型对多孔介质内的预混火焰进行了数值模拟.结果表明,湍流大大加强了气流的组分和能世扩散,计算得到的火焰传播速度、CO及NO的排放量都与实验值符合得比较好,与层流模型相比,湍流模型能够改善计算结果.     

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采用FLUENT软件分别对外加均匀横向磁场的等截面三维充分发展液态金属管流的层流模型和低雷诺数湍流Lam/Bremhost(LB)模型进行了数值模拟,分析了外加磁场对普通方管LB模型速度分布和压降的影响。比较在相同哈特曼数下,层流和湍流模型方管截面上速度分布和管道中MHD压降。其中,对电流的计算采用磁感应方程来求得。数值模拟结果证明了用低雷诺数LB湍流模型解决方管磁流体流动的可行性。通过层流模型和湍流模型的对比可知,层流模型有较短的入口长度,但管内流体的压降却很大;而湍流模型管内速度更加平均化,管内压降较小,但管内入口长度较长。     

竖直圆管中超临界压力CO2在低Re数下对流换热研究

本文对超临界压力CO2自下而上流过内径为2mm的加热圆管,在低进口Re (Rein≈1700)条件下的对流换热进行了数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了比较.结果表明,在进口雷诺数较低(Rein≈1700)而热流密度较高时,由于密度变化导致浮升力对流动产生扰动,流动从层流提前转变为湍流,换热大大增强并导致壁面温度的异常分布.使用LB湍流模型可以较好地模拟此时流动从层流向湍流的过渡现象,而采用层流与湍流相结合的分区计算方法的结果与实验测量值吻合得更好.由于浮升力的影响,径向速度呈M型分布,速度最大值在靠近壁面某处;当热流密度很大时,在管子中心区会出现回流.     

单圆弧直列扩压叶栅中三维湍流流动的数值计算

本文采用k-ε湍流模型,应用了“抛物化”的方法,对直列扩压叶栅中三维湍流流动进行了数值计算。与“准层流”模型计算及实验结果比较表明,在叶栅的湍流流动计算中,κ-ε模型将是比较适合的。     

超临界水循环流化床两相流动特性的数值模拟

超临界水循环流化床是一种非常有应用前景的新型煤气化制氢反应器。本文基于双流体模型和颗粒动力学理论建立了超临界水循环流化床提升管两相流动特性的数值模型。考虑了两种曳力模型及湍流与层流模型对数值模拟结果的影响。研究结果表明EMMS曳力模型比Gidaspow曳力模型更适用于二维提升管两相流动的数值模拟,并发现层流模型预测的准确性优于湍流模型。基于上述模型,对比分析了气固与超临界水循环流化床提升管的流动特性,获得了表观流速对固相体积分数、颗粒轴向速度的影响规律。     

突扩燃烧室湍流预混反应流的数值模拟

对突扩燃烧室这一典型工程燃烧装置内的湍流预混反应流进行了数值模拟。时平均控制方程组的封闭采用k-ε湍流输运模型和EBU-Arhenius湍流反应模型。模拟结果给出了突扩燃烧室内湍流预混反应流的气体时均流场、组分浓度场与温度场的分布。通过数值模拟结果与实验的比较对EBU-Arhenius模型进行了讨论与评价。     

层流叶片在压气机中的应用研究

压气机叶片表面层流流动及转捩现象的捕捉是研究压气机层流叶型的重点和关键。通过基于SST转捩模型的数值方法对某压气机叶型进行数值模拟分析,以精确捕捉普通湍流模型无法捕捉的叶片表面的层流流动及转捩现象,并给定叶片表面转捩的判定依据。在此基础上深入研究低雷诺数环境和高湍流度环境对压气机叶片表面层流流动的影响,验证了在实际压气机环境下,叶片表面的层流流动是可能存在的。为后续压气机层流叶型设计提供数值验证手段和可行性验证基础。     

QUICK格式在湍流旋流流动数值模拟中的应用

为研究不同精度的离散格式对湍流旋流流动数值模拟结果的影响,同时应用QUICK格式和混合格式对同轴射流旋流燃烧室内的湍流流动进行了数值模拟.在采用k-ε湍流模型的条件下,QUICK格式计算得到的燃烧室内气体轴向与切向速度及轴向脉动速度均方根值分布与实验数据符合较好,而混合格式给出的数值模拟结果则与实验有一定的偏差.     

湍流分层燃烧的直接数值模拟和小火焰模型研究

湍流分层燃烧广泛应用于工业燃烧装置,但是目前还比较缺乏适用于湍流分层燃烧的高精度数值模型。本文利用直接数值模拟数据库,对高Karlovitz数分层射流火焰的小火焰模型表现进行了先验性评估。考虑了两种小火焰模型,一种是基于自由传播层流预混火焰的小火焰模型M1,另一种是基于分层对冲小火焰的小火焰模型M2。研究发现M1和M2在c-Z空间的结果与直接数值模拟在定性上是一致的。在物理空间,M2对过程变量反应速率脉动值的预测结果要优于M1.     

颗粒增强湍流的新模型和气粒流动的湍流变动

用雷诺应力方程模型和极细的网格系对单个颗粒受湍流气体绕流进行了数值模拟,研究了改变颗粒直径和气体相对速度时颗粒增强气体湍流的规律.据此构造了颗粒尾涡增强气体湍流的新模型.将此子模型加入到两相流动模型中,对竖直和水平通道内气粒两相流动进行了数值模拟,和实验结果的对照表明,考虑颗粒尾涡增强气体湍流效应得到的气体湍流脉动速度的模拟结果比不考虑此效应的模拟结果好得多.     

厚翅片管内流体流动和传热的数值分析

本文应用Ｐａｔａｎｋａｒ等人［１］研究薄翅片管的湍流模型，对一种工业化的厚翅片管内的流体流动和传热进行了数值分析。计算范围包括了层流和湍流（Ｒｅ＝１０１～１０６），所得计算结果与较窄范围内实验所测的传热与阻力数据相当符合，本计算结果具有较大的推广价值。     

Experimental investigation of supersonic flow over elliptic surface

The coherent structures of flow over a compression elliptic surface are experimentally investigated in a supersonic low-noise wind tunnel at Mach Number 3 using nano-tracer planar laser scattering (NPLS) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) techniques. High spacial resolution images and the average velocity profiles of both laminar inflow and turbulent inflow over the testing model were captured. From statistically significant ensembles, spatial correlation analysis of both cases is performed to quantify the mean size and orientation of large structures. The results indicate that the mean structure is elliptical in shape and structure angles in separated region of laminar inflow are slightly smaller than that of turbulent inflow. Moreover, the structure angle of both cases increases with its distance away from from the wall. POD analysis of velocity and vorticity fields is performed for both cases. The energy portion of the first mode for the velocity data is much larger than that for the vorticity field. For vorticity decompositions, the contribution from the first mode for the laminar inflow is slightly larger than that for the turbulent inflow and the cumulative contributions for laminar inflow converges slightly faster than that for turbulent inflow     

动态冰浆流动特性分析

阐述了动态冰浆流变性质的Bingham模型,并利用该模型计算了冰浆在层流和湍流状态下的摩擦因子,得到了冰浆在水平直管内流动的压降曲线,分别就层流和湍流情形分析了各种参数对流动压降的影响。     

Friction factor and wall heat transfer for laminar and turbulentflow in a cylindrical duct with a wall-stabilized arc

Friction factor and wall heat-transfer data for axially symmetric flow in a wall-stabilized arc analysis are given. Heat transfer results revealed three significant modes: laminar flow with an unstable arc, laminar flow with a wall-stabilized arc, and turbulent flow with a wall-stabilized arc. It was shown that the critical Reynolds number increases, in comparison with the case of the flow without Joule heating. A friction factor from Reynolds-number dependence peculiarities was not discovered for laminar to turbulent flow transition     

Orientation distribution of fibres in a channel flow of fibre suspension

The orientation and concentration distributions of fibres in laminar and turbulent channel flows are investigated numerically. The obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental data. In the laminar flow regime, more fibres orient to the flow direction as the Reynolds number increases. The shear rate of fluid around a fibre plays an important role in determining the orientation distribution of fibres, while the fibre density and the fibre aspect-ratio have marginal influence on the orientation distribution. In the turbulent regime, the orientation distribution of fibres becomes more homogeneous with the increase of Reynolds number, and the concentration profile is flatter than that in the laminar regime. The fluctuating intensity of fibre velocity in the downstream direction is larger than that in the lateral directions.     

Analysis of a turbulent compressed flow by a second-order model

This paper is concerned with the simulation of a turbulent flow submitted to a cyclic one-dimensional compression and expansion between two parallel flat pistons moving with opposite velocities in the direction of their perpendicular axis. The turbulence model used is the second-order model developed at a low Reynolds number by Craft and Launder. Numerical results show that the turbulent field may be considered as homogeneous in an extended part of the domain. The confinement effect appears mainly in the vicinity of the moving walls while the central region is especially influenced by the compression effect. The evolution of the heat flux, transferred from the fluid through the moving walls, tends to a zero limit cycle in the turbulent flow and to a non-zero limit cycle in the laminar flow. The disappearance of the turbulent energy is not predicted by the k-l model.     

Three-dimensional EHD simulation for point corona electrostatic precipitator based on laminar and turbulent models

The three-dimensional flow interaction for tuft or point corona for industrial electrostatic precipitators was investigated using both laminar and turbulent flow models. The secondary flow distribution based on laminar flow model forms a pair of organized donut-shaped rings generated from every corona or tuft points, while a pair of rings is less organized for turbulent flow model. When the primary flow exists, the organized spiral motion for turbulent model is further diffused in the direction of gas flow and increased N_EHD, which leads to turbulent flow. Turbulent model appears to be more appropriate for predicting the wire-plate ESP based on experimental investigation.     

拉伸流扩散火焰面结构及熄火的研究

对拉伸层流扩散火焰面进行了数值模拟,考察了在以往湍流燃烧的火焰面模型中,假定Lewis数等于1的可靠性,研究了不同分子扩散和火焰辐射对火焰面结构、氮氧化物排放和熄火临界的影响.计算结果表明,Lewis数等于1的假定在火焰面结构的计算中存在很大的近似性,火焰辐射可以引起低拉伸条件下的熄火临界.