首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
从航空声源水下声场建模出发,提出了运动声源稳相点的近似算法。由于Hawker给出的运动声源声场简正波模型计算方法不适用于高速运动声源,针对速度相对较大的低空运动声源辐射噪声激发的水下声场建模,采用虚源概念,基于射线声学理论得到近似多普勒频率,结合简正波理论求解稳相点,较好地解决了高速运动声源声场的解算问题。几种波导环境下两种方法数值计算比较结果表明该算法的有效性。  相似文献   

2.
针对浅海波导中声源距离的无源估计问题,提出了一种环境参数和声场模型无关的、不依赖于引导声源的运动声源径向速度以及距离估计方法。该方法首先通过双水听器低频声场强度距离波数谱变换(R-K)的相位差获得干涉简正波水平波数,对水平波数轴定标来估计运动声源的径向速度。进一步地,对接收信号自相关函数进行WARPING变换得到运动声源距离的无源估计。对于反射类简正波为主的声场,在某一假定距离下根据某两时刻接收信号WARPING变换后干涉简正波谱峰频率与假定距离的关系估计距离;对于反射类或折射类简正波为主的声场,根据两个时刻接收信号的β-WARPING变换后干涉简正波的脉冲时延估计距离的值。数值仿真分析了等声速、负梯度以及温跃层3种水文环境下的噪声以及环境宽容性,结果表明径向速度与距离的估计不依赖于环境参数。利用2005年北黄海实验数据验证了方法的可行性,径向速度与距离的估计值与实际值符合良好。   相似文献   

3.
声场的空间相关特性是声场的重要特征,对水下探测、水声通讯等各种设备在实际海洋环境中应用的参数选择具有重要意义,是水声工程技术研究的重要基础之一。相比于水中声源激发声场的相关特性研究,空气中声源的相关研究很少。本文推导了空气中声源激发水下声场的水平纵向相关的简正波表达式,并通过数值仿真分析,比较了声源分别位于空气中和水中时水下声场的水平纵向相关特性。对南海海域进行的一次悬挂汽笛空气声源、海底水平阵接收信号海上实验获得的数据进行分析,结果表明:空气中声源位于不同距离时,其发射的声信号激发水下声场的水平纵向相关均存在明显的起伏结构,基于本文提出的空气中声源激发水下声场的水平纵向相关系数的简正波表达式能够较好地解释该现象.   相似文献   

4.
利用自相关函数warping变换的浅海声源深度判别   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
针对浅海波导声源深度判别问题,提出了一种利用warping变换提取接收信号简正波相关项的深度判别方法。对接收信号自相关函数做warping变换,分离其简正波相关项,利用能量占主导的简正波相关项特征频率之间的比例关系,确定其号数,从而分辨水面声源和水下声源。公式推导和数值仿真结果说明:不同深度声源激发的能量占主导的简正波相关项特征频率不同,可以用于判别声源深度。海试实验结果证明:在海水声速随深度不变或缓变的水文环境,低频条件下,该方法可以分离简正波相关项并确定其号数,在未知声源距离的情况下有效进行声源深度判别,且无须声源相对接收器运动。   相似文献   

5.
针对浅海声波导中远距离脉冲声源被动测距问题,提出了一种利用单水听器接收信号自相关函数进行warping变换的声源被动测距方法。理想水下声波导中,接收信号warping变换输出的傅里叶变换频谱中具有不变性频率特征,即与声源距离无关的各简正波截止频率;信号自相关函数中不同简正波相干成分也存在不变性频率特征;推导了未知声源距离时特征频率提取值与不变性频率特征之间的近似关系式。这些规律可推广到实际浅海声波导,并用于声源被动测距。利用声场计算模型来提供具有不变性频率特征的频谱,对2011年12月北黄海海域水声实验中单水听器接收的脉冲声数据进行了处理,验证了方法的有效性,测距结果和实际距离符合良好,平均测距误差在10%以内。  相似文献   

6.
郭良浩  刘志韬  闫超 《应用声学》2019,38(4):490-500
针对近水面声源和水下声源的深度判别问题,根据近水面声源难以激发低阶模态的物理现象,研究利用声源波数谱结构和波数位置的不同来分辨近水面声源和水下声源。通过采用MVDR的谱估计方法进行模态域波束形成,补偿水平阵各阵元之间各号简正波的相位差,获得主瓣窄、旁瓣低的声源信号波数谱。波数谱的波数位置与频率呈近似线性关系,水中声速剖面、海底参数、海深都会影响波数谱的具体结构和位置。此外,声源信号的到达角估计误差同样也会影响波数谱主瓣的位置估计。数值仿真结果表明,在浅海负跃层声速剖面条件下,可利用水平阵模态域波束形成判别声源深度,区分近水面声源和水下声源。  相似文献   

7.
针对浅海环境下声简正波的近场分离问题,提出了一种基于频率-波数(Frequency-Wavenumber,F-K)变换的分离方法。该方法通过对由近场水平多道接收信号所组成的水声信号矩阵进行F-K变换,将二维接收信号矩阵从时间-空间域转换至频率-波数域,由提取频率-波数域上各阶简正波各频点的波数实现对信号中各阶简正波的分离及频散特性提取。数值模拟和水池实验对本方法在实际研究中的可靠性和有效性进行了验证,表明在500 m距离内利用本方法能可靠分离Pekeris波导中200 Hz以下各阶简正波。   相似文献   

8.
空气中声源激发的浅海水下声场传播实验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了了解空气中声源激发的水下声场传播特性,对此开展实验研究.2010年在南海北部海域进行了一次空气中声源激发水下声场实验,在水下成功地接收到远至4 km处大功率扬声器在空中发射的脉冲声信号.本文通过分析实验数据,研究空气中声源激发的浅海水下声场传播特点.针对接收阵拾取的声传播信号信噪比低的特点,综合利用脉冲压缩以及波束...  相似文献   

9.
运动声源与接收器的脉冲简正波传播   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于简正波声场理论,导出了声源和接收器运动情况下窄带脉冲声传播的表式。分析了窄带脉冲声的单个简正波Doppler频移特性。通过研究接收与发射脉冲信号的相关,给出了窄带脉冲信号的Doppler匹配条件以及Doppler频移补偿间隔的般表式。浅海55 km的D0ppler频移补偿实验验证了理论结果。  相似文献   

10.
针对浅海波导中宽带脉冲声源的被动测距问题,本文在模态匹配和匹配场处理定位方法的基础上,提出了一种适用于具有液态半无限空间海底的浅海波导中声源的单水听器被动测距方法.利用warping变换可以对脉冲声源接收信号的各阶简正波实现有效分离,由此得到各阶简正波的频域信号.海底相移参数是描述海底地声参数的一个重要参量,包含了海底地声参数信息,而各阶简正波的水平波数可以通过含有海底相移参数的表达式来表达.此外,由于声速剖面对简正波的各阶水平波数具有相近的影响,因此通过对任意两阶简正波进行联合处理,可以近似消除声速剖面对简正波水平波数差的影响.任意两阶简正波的水平波数差只近似用于海底相移参数、海深以及波导中平均声速三个参数有关,可以简单、快速地计算相应拷贝场,然后通过建立代价函数并对简正波模态进行匹配,可以实现对水下脉冲声源的被动测距.与传统的模态匹配定位方法相比,本文提出的方法既不需要使用水听器阵,又可以简单、快速地计算出拷贝场.数值仿真和海上实验数据处理结果的测距误差都在10%以内,证明了该方法的有效性.  相似文献   

11.
研究了基于人工时反处理的水声信号盲解卷方法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于简正波模态分解的低频水声信号的盲解卷处理方法。该方法适用于浅海波导中垂直阵接收的远程低频水声信号的盲解卷处理。该方法首先从浅海中垂直阵接收的信号中提取(估计)出波导中传播的简正波模态函数信息,然后,根据估计的模态函数信息通过模态滤波来实现水声信道盲解卷处理。针对典型的浅海波导环境,进行了计算机仿真试验,结果表明:(1)远程低频条件下,模态分解方法可以从垂直阵接收的信号中提取出波导中有效传播的模态函数信息,因此这种方法解决了目前人工时反处理方法需要准确的模态函数先验信息的问题;(2)在一定带宽条件下,接收信号信噪比较低时,本文给出的这种基于模态滤波的盲解卷方法比人工时反处理具有更好的解卷性能。  相似文献   

12.
利用简正模态相位关系的浅海声源深度分辨方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
针对浅海波导声源深度分辨问题,本文提出了一种利用简正波的相位关系进行声源深度分辨的方法。该方法通过对垂直阵接收到的信号进行简正波分解,得到简正波系数,在已知声源距离的情况下通过对简正波系数项的处理得到各阶简正波的相位关系,根据相位关系估计声源的深度区间。该方法在阵元数较少时依然可以分辨声源深度,而且对宽带信号、窄带信号、连续信号和脉冲信号均适用。理论分析和数值仿真的结果说明:只有近水面处声源激发的简正波满足相位一致的特性,利用此特性可分辨水面水下目标。仿真和海试结果证明:在海水声速随深度不变或缓变的水文环境下,该方法可以准确的分辨声源深度区间,并且在深度采样不充分的情况下仍然适用。   相似文献   

13.
一种基于warping变换的浅海脉冲声源被动测距方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
王冬  郭良浩  刘建军  戚聿波 《物理学报》2016,65(10):104302-104302
针对浅海波导中脉冲声源被动测距问题, 提出了一种利用接收信号的能量密度函数进行warping变换的声源被动测距方法. 对于浅海波导, 接收信号的能量密度函数中不同号简正波相干部分, 经warping变换后输出结果的频谱中包含与声源和接收器位置无关的不变性频率特征. 这些特征频率在数值上等于理想波导中相干的两号简正波的截止频率差, 与海底参数无关, 因此仅需已知海水中的平均声速和海水深度便可计算出特征频率值. 当声源距离未知时, 利用特征频率的提取值与真实特征频率之间的关系可以实现快速测距, 极大地提高了计算速度. 为了验证方法的有效性, 对2011年11月黄海海域水声实验的接收脉冲数据进行了处理, 测距结果与实测距离符合良好, 平均测距误差在8%以内.  相似文献   

14.
A Doppler-based method for using a moving narrow-band source to extract the modes of acoustic propagation in a range-independent shallow ocean waveguide over a partial-water-column spanning vertical line array (VLA) is introduced. Because the modal components propagate at distinct frequencies in the case of uniform radial source motion, the modal depth functions may be isolated and extracted from a frequency decomposition of the field. Because Doppler broadening due to radial source accelerations degrades the effectiveness of the extraction method, the method incorporates a technique to compensate for Doppler broadening. As the basis for the compensation technique, a theory is introduced for describing the VLA field from an accelerating cw source. By connecting the range of the source at the time a signal feature is emitted (the retarded time) to the range of the source at the time the signal feature arrives at the receiver (the contemporary time), the theory incorporates the Doppler effects associated with the finite group velocities of the modal components. The mode extraction method and compensation technique are applied to simulation and ocean data.  相似文献   

15.
孙梅  周士弘  李整林 《物理学报》2016,65(9):94302-094302
对于深海近水面声源产生的声场, 处于较大深度处的接收器在一定水平距离范围内能接收到直达波. 2014年在某深海海域进行的水声考察实验中, 应用深度为140 m的拖曳声源发射实验信号, 布放在水下3146 m深处的矢量水听器成功地接收到了直达波信号. 本文应用射线理论, 分析了深海直达波区域声场的传播特性, 得出了水平振速与垂直振速的传播损失与声线到达接收点处的掠射角以及收发水平距离之间的关系. 在以上分析的基础上, 提出了一种利用水平振速与垂直振速的能量差估计声源距离的方法, 并结合2014年实验数据对实验中两条航线上8 km范围内的目标声源进行了测距, 测距结果与目标的GPS数据符合得较好.  相似文献   

16.
The spatial correlations of acoustic field have important implications for underwater target detection and other applications in deep water. In this paper, the spatial correlations of the high intensity zone in the deep-water acoustic field are investigated by using the experimental data obtained in the South China Sea. The experimental results show that the structures of the spatial correlation coefficient at different ranges and depths are similar to the transmission loss structure in deep water. The main reason for this phenomenon is analyzed by combining the normal mode theory with the ray theory. It is shown that the received signals in the high intensity zone mainly include one or two main pulses which are contributed by the interference of a group of waterborne modes with similar phases. The horizontal-longitudinal correlations at the same receiver depth but in different high intensity zones are analyzed. At some positions, more pulses are received in the arrival structure of the signal due to bottom reflection and the horizontal-longitudinal correlation coefficient decreases accordingly.The multi-path arrival structure of receiving signal becomes more complex with increasing receiver depth.  相似文献   

17.
Understanding the effect of source-receiver geometry on sound propagation in surface ducts can improve the performance of near-surface sonar in deep water. The Lloyd-mirror and normal mode theories are used to analyze the features of surface-duct propagation in this paper. Firstly, according to the Lloyd-mirror theory, a shallow point source generates directional lobes, whose grazing angles are determined by the source depth and frequency. By assuming a part of the first lobe to be just trapped in the surface duct, a method to calculate the minimum cutoff frequency (MCF) is obtained. The presented method is source depth dependent and thus is helpful for determining the working depth for sonar. Secondly, it is found that under certain environments there exists a layer of low transmission loss (TL) in the surface duct, whose thickness is related to the source geometry and can be calculated by the Lloyd-mirror method. The receiver should be placed in this layer to minimize the TL. Finally, the arrival angle on a vertical linear array (VLA) in the surface duct is analyzed based on normal mode theory, which provides a priori knowledge of the beam direction of passive sonar.  相似文献   

18.
The paper is devoted to simulating an acoustic field scattered by an elastic spherical shell placed in a waveguide with a fluid attenuating bottom. The emitted signal is a wideband pulse with a Gaussian envelope. The normal wave method is used in the frequency domain for calculating the field of a point source in a free waveguide and the shell scattering coefficients. Movement of the receiver along a vertical straight line located behind the shell makes it possible to obtain a “three-dimensional” image of the field scattered by the shell. In this representation, the horizontal axis is time; the vertical axis is the submersion depth of the receiver; the intensity shows the amplitude of the received signal. Such three-dimensional structures make it possible to analyze the dependence of the complex diffraction structure of the acoustic field on receiver depth. In the considered numerical example, a thin, elastic, spherical shell is located near the attenuating fluid bottom.  相似文献   

19.
Acoustic channel properties in a shallow water environment with moving source and receiver are difficult to investigate. In fact, when the source-receiver relative position changes, the underwater environment causes multipath and Doppler scale changes on the transmitted signal over low-to-medium frequencies (300 Hz-20 kHz). This is the result of a combination of multiple paths propagation, source and receiver motions, as well as sea surface motion or water column fast changes. This paper investigates underwater acoustic channel properties in a shallow water (up to 150 m depth) and moving source-receiver conditions using extracted time-scale features of the propagation channel model for low-to-medium frequencies. An average impulse response of one transmission is estimated using the physical characteristics of propagation and the wideband ambiguity plane. Since a different Doppler scale should be considered for each propagating signal, a time-warping filtering method is proposed to estimate the channel time delay and Doppler scale attributes for each propagating path. The proposed method enables the estimation of motion-compensated impulse responses, where different Doppler scaling factors are considered for the different time delays. It was validated for channel profiles using real data from the BASE'07 experiment conducted by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Undersea Research Center in the shallow water environment of the Malta Plateau, South Sicily. This paper provides a contribution to many field applications including passive ocean tomography with unknown natural sources position and movement. Another example is active ocean tomography where sources motion enables to rapidly cover one operational area for rapid environmental assessment and hydrophones may be drifting in order to avoid additional flow noise.  相似文献   

20.
郭晓乐  杨坤德  马远良  杨秋龙 《物理学报》2016,65(21):214302-214302
针对浅海环境中传播的低频宽带水声脉冲信号,基于简正波水平波数差和波导不变量之间的关系,本文提出了一种利用距离-频散参数二维平面聚焦测距与匹配模态能量定深的目标声源定位方法.首先,通过将由频散参数和波导不变量表示的前几阶模态相速度与由环境模型计算的相速度进行对比分析,从而估计出前几阶模态的频散参数和环境的波导不变量.其次,利用估计出的频散参数值和波导不变量对接收信号进行消频散变换处理,只有当接收信号的距离参数等于目标声源距离时,各号简正波的幅度均达到最大值,在距离-频散参数二维平面上,出现声压聚焦的现象,利用此现象可以估计目标声源的距离.不仅如此,消频散变换后的接收信号,前几阶模态在时域上明显地分离开来,可以准确地估计出前几阶模态的能量,采用多模态能量匹配的方式,可以估计出目标声源的深度.最后,通过对仿真和冬季获得的气枪信号数据处理结果验证了本文方法的有效性.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号