提高多孔硅传感特性的一种新方法(英文)

研究了多孔硅(PS)吸附有机溶剂分子后对多孔硅荧光谱的淬灭效应。结果表明:淬灭多孔硅发光的有机溶剂分子是极性分子,有机溶剂分子的极性不同对多孔硅发光的淬灭程度也不同,且有些有机溶剂分子吸附氧化多孔硅比吸附多孔硅引起的发光淬灭具有更好的可逆性和选择性;用含有胺基的正丁胺(CH3CH2CH2CH2-NH2)作碳源,用射频辉光放电等离子系统在多孔硅表面沉积c n膜对多孔硅进行钝化处理后发现:其电致发光强度明显增强,发光峰位兰移,且在大气中存放60天后,其电致发光谱强度基本不衰减,峰位不再移动。经钝化处理的器件较未经处理的器件具有小的串联电阻Rs和低的驱动电压。这为提高多孔硅的传感特性提供了一种新方法。     

CH基团与金刚石(111)面的碰撞反应及其对碳膜生长的影响

等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术中的碳膜选择性自组装机理是高性能碳膜制备过程中的挑战性基础课题.采用经典分子动力学方法,模拟了不同能量(1.625-65 eV)的CH基团在清洁金刚石和吸氢金刚石(111)面上的轰击行为,获得了吸附、反弹、反应等各类事件的发生概率,并据此探讨了含氢碳膜制备过程中CH基团的贡献.结果表明,随着入射能量的增加,CH基团对薄膜生长的贡献由单纯的吸附、反弹机理向反应、吸附混合机理转变,其中最主要的反应过程是释放一个或两个氢原子的反应,而释放氢分子的反应则很少发生.这些反应不仅使薄膜生长过程更均匀、薄膜表面更平整,还降低了薄膜的氢含量.生长机理的转变导致低能量条件下所成薄膜中的多数碳原子都包含一个氢原子作为配位原子,而高能量条件下的薄膜中的碳原子则很少有氢原子作为配位原子.另外,通过分析sp~3-C和sp~2-C数目的变化,研究了CH基团对金刚石基底的破坏作用.     

碳氮膜的红外光谱特性分析

用射频直流磁控溅射法在硅、石英基片上制备碳氮膜;采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术,对基片上的碳氮膜进行红外光吸收谱测量,发现所制备的膜中有β相的C3N4;用硬度计测量镀膜后的硬度,均比镀膜前有所增强;对所制备的膜进行热处理,结果发现热处理前膜的红外吸收谱与热处理后的红外吸收谱相比没有变化,说明膜的热稳定性较好,可以作为红外光学材料.     

a-C:N:H纳米尖端荧光产生的机理

用CH4,H2和NH3为反应气体,利用等离子体增强热丝化学气相沉积在沉积有碳膜的Si衬底上制备了a-C:N:H纳米尖端,并用扫描电子显微镜和微区Raman光谱仪对碳膜和纳米尖端进行了表征。结果表明:Raman谱中含有与碳和氮相关的峰,且纳米尖端的Raman谱比碳膜的Raman谱有很强的荧光背景。Raman谱中的峰说明沉积的碳膜和纳米尖端是a-C:N:H薄膜和a-C:N:H尖端。a-C:N:H纳米尖端的Raman谱中强荧光背景的产生表明其在激发光源照射的过程中发射了强荧光,对a-C:N:H纳米尖端产生强荧光的机理进行了探讨。     

多孔硅的表面碳膜钝化

报道对多孔硅（ＰＳ）进行碳膜（ＣＦ）钝化处理的结果。红外吸收光谱表明,经钝化处理样品的表面由Ｓｉ－Ｃ、Ｓｉ－Ｎ和Ｓｉ－Ｏ键所覆盖;荧光我谱表明,经钝化处理的样品较未处理的样品发光强度提高４￣４．５倍,且发光峰位明显蓝移;存放实验显示,经钝化处理的样品发光强度稳定、发光峰位不变。这些结果表明正丁胺可以在多孔硅表面形成优良的钝化碳膜,是一种十分有效的多孔硅后处理途径。     

一种可溶喹吖啶酮衍生物LB膜的光谱特性

采用表面压-分子面积(π~A)等温曲线、紫外-可见吸收谱和荧光光谱的方法研究了一种喹吖啶酮衍生物材料LB膜的制备及其光谱特性。实验表明,这种喹吖啶酮衍生物能够在水面上形成稳定的单分子膜,它与花生酸(AA)混合后不仅可以形成很好的单分子膜,而且可以较好的转移到固体基片上制备成LB膜多层膜。这种喹吖啶酮衍生物LB膜的紫外-可见吸收谱的吸收峰位较稀溶液发生了红移,这是由极性溶剂分子与其相互作用的结果。其溶液有很强的荧光效应,但LB膜没有荧光现象,原因是在LB膜中QAC16的浓度过高发生“自我猝息”而失光。它在溶液和LB膜中都是以单体的形式存在。     

多孔铝激光染料镶嵌膜的荧光光谱研究

以多孔阳极氧化铝为基底,将激光染料分子RhB有效地嵌入多孔铝的孔中,获得多孔铝激光染料镶嵌膜。镶嵌膜的荧光光谱类似于低浓度液相染料的荧光光谱,但光谱线型更趋于对称。通过改变多孔铝孔的直径和深度及染料溶液深度,研究光谱的变化关系,初步提出了多也铝镶嵌染料膜的理想模型。     

X射线光电子能谱辅助Raman光谱分析类金刚石碳膜的结构细节

分别采用具有和不具有弯曲弧磁过滤器的两种真空阴极弧离子镀方法,在不同工艺参量下制备了类金刚石碳膜.采用Raman光谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS),分析了不同工艺参量下的类金刚石碳膜的键结构,通过对Raman光谱的D峰、G峰和C1s电子结合能峰位、强度的对比,详细讨论了沉积工艺参量对类金刚石碳膜结构的影响.研究发现,不同工艺下具有高强度D峰Raman光谱的类金刚石碳膜,其C1s电子结合能却分别位于284.15,285.50eV,表明高度石墨化和高度金刚石化两种状态类金刚石碳膜,都可以形成具有高强度D峰Raman光谱曲线 关键词： 类金刚石碳膜 Raman光谱 X射线光电子能谱     

若丹明6G和若丹明B混合染料荧光谱特性及染料激光行为

实验发现若丹明6G和若丹明B混合溶液的荧光谱峰值波长随两种物质的混合比例不同而有规律地变化,与单一的若丹明6G和若丹明B相比,混合溶液的荧光谱线宽度明显增宽。使用混合染料,用改变混合比的方法对染料激光进行调谐,可简化调谐方法,调谐范围为557.4-588.5nm。     

水溶性多壁碳纳米管/铜酞菁染料

采用化学氧化法制备了可溶性多壁碳纳米管,借助超声作用把可溶性多壁碳纳米管分散在水中形成水溶胶,采用自组装技术制备了可溶性多壁碳纳米管/铜酞菁染料的复合薄膜,采用原子力显微镜、红外光谱、吸收光谱和荧光光谱对可溶性多壁碳纳米管及其水溶胶、自组装复合薄膜进行了表征.实验结果显示多壁纳米碳管水溶胶具有较好的组装成膜性能,吸收光谱结果表明染料分子在膜内形成了J聚集体,荧光光谱结果表明复合薄膜的荧光来自于铜酞菁染料,引入多壁碳纳米管对染料分子的荧光发射特性有一定影响.     

聚异丁烯高活性端基含量及相对分子质量测定方法的研究

综合使用核磁，VPO和近红外光谱分析技术对聚异丁烯活性端基含量以及相对分子质量的测定进行了详细研究，分别建立核测定聚异丁烯活性端基含量以及其他烯键含量和近红外光谱快速测量聚异聚丁烯活性端基含量。其他烯键含量和相对分子质量的分析方法。成对t检验结果表明，近红外光谱分析方法测定结果与核磁和VPO方法测定结果之间无显著性差异。     

Atmospheric emission and attenuation in the range 100 to 600 GHz measures from a mountain site

Further measurements of atmospheric emission from a site in the Canary Islands (Izana, âltitude 2.4 km) have been made during the month of August 1980. The measurements were made with a polarising Interferometer and a composite Ge bolometer. An independent measurement of the precipitable water vapour was made using Infrared Hygrometers. The experimental details are described and the spectra obtained are compared with model spectra using the measured precipitable water vapour.     

有机蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱定性检测

采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法定性检测有机物蒸气。用聚乙烯薄膜做介质,用紫外-可见分光光度计检测有机物蒸气,获得大豆油、葵花籽油、花生油、油菜籽油、芝麻油、棉花籽油和油桐种油植物油蒸气,以及丙酮、乙酸乙酯、95%乙醇和冰乙酸有机化合物蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱图。结果显示：通过仪器调零,很好地清除聚乙烯薄膜的紫外-可见吸收光谱,获得了所检测植物油蒸气和有机化合物蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱,对不同的植物油和不同的有机化合物均有很好的区分性,检测所获得的各植物油蒸气紫外-可见吸收光谱图的λ_max、λ_min、吸收峰的数目、位置、拐点均不一致,可以很好的区分各种植物油,对有机化合物也有很好的检测。方法的重现性好,葵花籽油蒸气10次检测所得的紫外-可见吸收光谱图完全一致。实验结果表明,聚乙烯薄膜作为紫外-可见吸收光谱定性分析用的介质,用于植物油和有机化合物蒸气的检测,具有分析速度快、重现性好、准确可靠、成本低等特点,可提供有机物蒸气的特征信息和有机化合物的结构信息,为化合物和有机物蒸气的鉴定提供新的检测方法。     

Atomic absorption spectra induced by NaRb in sodium-rubidium vapour

Six atomic spectral lines induced by NaRb molecules in the absorption spectrum of sodium-rubidium vapour have been observed in the wavelength range 611–641 nm. For sodium-rubidium vapour, the laser induced fluorescence spectra at laser wavelengths 616.04 and 615.81 nm and the excitation spectra at sodiumD-lines with the laser scanning in the range 613.9–616.9 nm have also been measured. The possible mechanisms for the appearance of these absorption lines are discussed.     

光纤传感材料SnO2的气敏光反射特性研究

作者研究了二氧化锡的气敏光反射特性,测量了它在乙醇,氨,丙酮气体中的浓度与气敏反射光谱关系,发现它对氨气的气敏光谱波长灵敏范围最大,而且不同波长有不同的灵敏度。解释SnO₂气敏光反射机理。     

Experimental study on methods minimizing the influence of velocity-changing collisions in Doppler-free saturation spectroscopy

A method based on homodyne mixing is described which facilitates the use of rf-modulation of the pump beam for laser saturation spectroscopy together with conventional kHz lock-in amplifiers yielding a substantial reduction of disturbing pedestals present due to collisions in an atomic vapour. The technique benefits also from the significant improvement in the signal to noise ratio when transferring the Doppler-free signal to a frequency domain of several MHz where the interfering laser noise is low. These experimental procedures allow measurements of high quality saturated absorption spectra in vapour cells of otherwise unfavourable high gas pressure such as in commercial see-through hollow-cathodes. In addition we report the detection of an optogalvanic signal at rf-modulation (3.3 MHz).     

ZnO Nanostructures Grown on A1N/Sapphire Substrates by MOCVD

ZnO nanorods and nanotubes are successful synthesized on A1N/sapphire substrates by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition （MOGVD）. The different morphology and structure properties of ZnO nanorods and nanotubes are found to be affected by the A1N under-layer. The photoluminescence spectra show the optical properties of the ZnO nanorods and nanotubes, in which a blueshift of UV emission is observed and is attributed to the surface effect.[第一段]     

Sonochemical polymerization of benzene derivatives: the site of the reaction

Sonochemical polymerization of benzene and halogen-substituted benzenes has been studied. The difference of absorption spectra of polymerization products can be explained qualitatively using bond energies of the primary products. The relative rate constant of the polymerization reaction is apparently proportional to the inverse of the vapour pressure of the liquids. Using this relation, we analysed the relative rate constant of the polymerization in benzene/chrolobenzene mixtures. From this, we conclude that sonochemical polymerization proceeds in the vapour phase of a bubble.     

Emission spectra following radiation trapping switching off: coherent effects detected up to resonance and signal enhancement

This paper reports strong-field modified emission spectra of a dipole allowed transition to the ground state, detected in an optically thick vapour subject to radiation trapping. The strong field coupled the higher level of the atomic transition to an upper level of the same atomic species (strontium). The coherence effects were outlined up to resonance in rather dilute vapour conditions. Enhancement of the fluorescent signal after radiation trapping switching off depends on the overlapping of the coupling laser beam with the radiation trapping region.     

Measurements of electron energy losses and VUV-reflectivity of anthracene single crystals

Anisotropic behaviour of the electron energy loss spectra is discussed in terms of the oriented gas model. These measurements are compared with electron energy loss spectra in the vapour phase and normal incidence VUV-reflectivity from the (ab) plane for 2 directions of polarization. The VUV measurements were made at DESY using synchrotron radiation.