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1.
In this paper, we studied the development of hadronic shower in an electromagnetic calorimeter of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Ⅱ. Two parametrized empirical formulae were proposed to describe the hadronic shower shape in calorimeter. Using 100 GeV proton beam incident on the center of the ECAL, detailed plots of lateral and longitudinal hadronic shower behavior were given and we found the formulae can describe the development of the hadronic shower with the test beam data. The possible application of the parametrized formulae including e±± discrimination and tau jet reconstruction was discussed.  相似文献   

2.
刘北江   《中国物理 C》2010,34(9):1303-1306
Light hadron spectroscopy is a powerful tool in hadronic physics.Several recent BES results on hadron spectroscopy are reported in this proceeding,including the confirmation of the enhancement in pp invariant mass in radiative J/ψ decays,the observation of a charged κ ± decaying to K ± π 0 and the measurement of exclusive decays of the χ c0 and χ c2 to π ^0 π^ 0 and ηη.  相似文献   

3.
The formation of charged pion condensate in anti-parallel electromagnetic fields and in the presence of the isospin chemical potential is studied in the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model.The method of Schwinger proper time is extended to explore the quantities in the off-diagonal flavor space,i.e.the charged pion.In this framework,π^± are treated as bound states of quarks and not as point-like charged particles.The isospin chemical potential plays the role of a trigger for charged pion condensation.We obtain the associated effective potential as a function of the strength of the electromagnetic fields and find that it contains a sextic term which possibly induces a weak first order phase transition.The dependence of pion condensation on model parameters is investigated.  相似文献   

4.
HIRFL-CSRm will accelerate the proton beam up to 2.8 GeV. The interesting physics, such as the hadron spectrum, di-baryon state and the rare decay mode of the neutral mesons can be investigated with such beams. The corresponding detector as introduced in Ref.[1] is an internal-target 4π detector which is composed of the forward detector (including position detector and hadron calorimeter) to detect particles emitted at forward angles, and the center detector (including tracker, plastic scintillator barrel and EM calorimeter) to measure momentum and energy loss of the charged particle, and the energy and emission angle of the high energy photon at central and backward angles. To design such a complex detector, the Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation is definitely necessary.  相似文献   

5.
Pion properties at finite temperature, finite isospin and baryon chemical potentials are investigated within the SU(2) NJL model. In the mean field approximation for quarks and random phase approximation fpr mesons, we calculate the pion mass, the decay constant and the phase diagram with different quark masses for the u quark and d quark, related to QCD corrections, for the first time. Our results show an asymmetry between μI 0 and μI 0 in the phase diagram, and different values for the charged pion mass(or decay constant) and neutral pion mass(or decay constant) at finite temperature and finite isospin chemical potential. This is caused by the effect of isospin symmetry breaking, which is from different quark masses.  相似文献   

6.
Optimal exploitation of hadronic final states played a key role in successes of all recent hadron collider experiment in HEP,and the ability to use hadronic final states will continue to be one of the decisive issues during the analysis phase of the LHC experinents Monte Carlo implementations of hadronic shower models provided with GEANT4 facilitate the use of hadronic final states,and have been developed for many years.We will give an overview on the physics underlying hadronic shower simulation,discussing the three basic types of modelling;data driven,parametrisation driven,and theory driven modelling,and their respective implementation status in GEANT4.We will confront the different types of modelling with a validation suite for hadronic generators based on cross-sections measurements from thin target experiments,and expose the strength and weaknesses of the individual approaches.  相似文献   

7.
In the LHC experiment, the neutral pions produced during jet fragmentation are the background sources for all physics channels with high-energy photons in their final state. In this paper, the application of the three-dimensional parametric formula for electromagnetic (EM) showers, which we developed in the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer II experiment, is presented to distinguish the unconverted photons from the neutral pions. With the constructed electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) in a GEANT4 simulation, the parametric formulae were validated and the unconverted γπ0 discrimination was performed with the Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis (TMVA) package in ROOT for different transverse energies ranging from 15 GeV to 75 GeV, which is the most sensitive region for light Higgs (with mass ~120 GeV) searches with the channel H→γγ. With this discrimination method and the selected transverse energy region, we can reject π0 with the efficiency from ~40% (65--75 GeV) to ~90% (15--25 GeV) when keeping 90% γ efficiency.  相似文献   

8.
The Neighbor Cell Deposited Energy Ratio (NCDER) is a new method that is proposed to reconstruct incidence position in a single layer for a 3-dimensional imaging electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL). This method was applied to reconstruct the ECAL test beam data for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 (AMS-02). The results show that this method can achieve an angular resolution of 7.36±0.08°/√E+0.28±0.02° in the determination of the photon's direction, which is much more precise than that obtained with the commonly-adopted Center of Gravity (COG) method (8.4±0.1°/E+0.8±0.3°). Furthermore, since it uses only the properties of electromagnetic showers, this new method could also be used for other type of fine grain sampling calorimeters.  相似文献   

9.
The Neighbor Cell Deposited Energy Ratio(NCDER) is a new method that is proposed to reconstruct incidence position in a single layer for a 3-dimensional imaging electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL).This method was applied to reconstruct the ECAL test beam data for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02(AMS-02).The results show that this method can achieve an angular resolution of 7.36±0.08°/E~(1/2)(?)0.28±0.02o in the determination of the photon's direction,which is much more precise than that obtained with the commonly-adopted Center of Gravity(COG) method(8.4±0.1°/E~(1/2)(?)0.8±0.3o).Furthermore,since it uses only the properties of electromagnetic showers,this new method could also be used for other type of fine grain sampling calorimeters.  相似文献   

10.
In the LHC experiment, the H→γγ channel provides a clean nal state with an effective mass peak that is reconstructed with great precision, despite the small branching ratio. As a consequence, the H→γγ channel is one of the most promising channels for the Higgs discovery in the very low mass region. In order to increase the sensitivity of the Higgs search, background rejection rate is very important, so γ/π0 discrimination is one of the key points in the analysis. At least 40% of photons will convert with the experience of ATLAS and CMS. We constructed electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) in GEANT4 simulation, using 6 variables which have different shapes between converted γ and π0, with the TMVA (Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis) to do the separation. With this method we can get 30% to 60% π0 rejection efficiency when keeping 90% converted γ efficiency, in the region of transverse momentum 15 GeV to 75 GeV, not only in MC sumulation but also in real data.  相似文献   

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