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1.
颗粒趋壁沉积的直接数值模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
气相采用直接数值模拟方法、颗粒相采用拉格朗日轨道模型方法对摩擦雷诺数为180的充分发展槽道内Stokes数为1~104的颗粒趋壁沉积现象进行了研究.研究表明,惯性颗粒在湍流涡的作用下趋向壁面运动,并以一定速率沉积.在"吸收壁面"条件下沉积速率首先随着颗粒弛豫时间增大而增大,在弛豫时间大于100时,沉积速率保持不变.  相似文献   

2.
基于人体医学CT扫描,重建得到"鼻腔-咽喉主气管-六级支气管"三维几何模型;采用大涡模拟和离散相模型的描述颗粒运动,并在拉格朗日框架下跟踪颗粒。考察了四种气载放射性微粒在典型呼吸强度下的运动和沉积。结果表明:在各工况下,气载放射性颗粒在呼吸道内运动受流道变化、缩放效应、呼吸强度和阻流面等影响较大,均呈现出明显的积聚性和沉积的高度不均匀性,易形成局部沉积热点。在4个弯曲面、2个缩放管结构区域以及支管分叉面出现大量颗粒沉积。气载放射性颗粒的沉积热点区域将导致人体组织细胞的应激反应,造成组织和器官的辐射损伤。颗粒的沉积率随粒径和呼吸强度的增加而增加,但粒径小于0.5μm后,沉积率呈相反趋势。大颗粒在呼吸道内受流道变化、呼吸强度和阻流效应等影响较大,小颗粒受布朗运动和斯坦夫升力影响更显著。  相似文献   

3.
刘锐  Li Yin-Chang  厚美瑛 《物理学报》2008,57(8):4660-4666
颗粒体系是一类复杂的耗散体系.在颗粒气体中,耗散性质会使其内部形成局部的凝聚,类似于真实气体中亚稳分解形成的液滴,因此被认为是颗粒气液两相分离的过程. 零重力环境下二维颗粒气体相分离现象已有成熟的流体静力学理论解释,将该理论模型推广到三维情形,发现相分离现象依然存在且具有同样的不稳定性根源,通过理论计算给出了三维相分离发生的具体条件. 同时,用分子动力学方法模拟检验了理论结果,并给出了三维颗粒气体相分离的新形貌. 关键词: 颗粒气体 耗散 相分离 分子动力学模拟  相似文献   

4.
刘腊群  刘大刚  王学琼  杨超  夏蒙重  彭凯 《物理学报》2012,61(16):162902-162902
介绍了实现高能电子轰击阳极表面产生的能量沉积及温度变化的数值模 拟理论及方法.构建了一个简单的束发射模型,初步验证了阳极表面电子能量沉积数值计算的准确性. 选取四层圆盘锥形磁绝缘传输线中心汇流区为模型, 对其工作过程中产生的阳极能量沉积及温度变化进行数值模拟,并 将模拟结果与国外相关文献的结论进行了对比,进一步证明了模拟的 准确性.对模拟结果进行了分析,探讨了模拟中结果产生的物理机理.  相似文献   

5.
本文对生物质在超临界水环境下气化制氢过程提出简化的两相流物理化学模型,并利用该模型进行数值模拟.着重讨论了温度、颗粒半径对生成气体摩尔百分比、气化率的影响.数值结果表明,颗粒的半径主要影响生物质颗粒气化分解的速率,而温度主要影响颗粒气化产物进一步生成氢气的过程.颗粒越小,气化分解的速率越快.温度的影响主要集中在气相反应上,使得CO进一步转化为H2.本文的理论和数值结果对实际的制氢过程中的参数控制具有实用价值.  相似文献   

6.
刘汉涛  常建忠 《物理学报》2013,62(8):84401-084401
在牛顿流体中, 对颗粒在4种不同边界的垂直通道中的沉降运动进行了直接数值模拟. 计算结果表明:通过计算区域随颗粒运动而移动构建的无限长通道能准确模拟颗粒自由下落到稳定沉降的发展过程; 周期性边界条件由于流场变化, 对颗粒沉降产生了影响, 不能模拟颗粒的自由沉降过程; 底部封闭边界适合模拟封闭容器内颗粒与固壁的相互作用过程, 若颗粒达到稳定沉降, 也能模拟无限长通道内的沉降过程; 流化边界适合模拟流化床内气固两相流动. 计算结果有助于更好地理解和使用不同边界条件. 关键词: 直接数值模拟 边界条件 沉降 任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法  相似文献   

7.
燃气透平叶片表面颗粒沉积特性数值研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
污染物颗粒在燃气透平叶片表面及冷却通道内的沉积将影响透平叶片的冷却特性和安全服役寿命。国外许多研究机构对燃气透平叶片表面污染物颗粒沉积特性及其与叶片气膜冷却的相互作用机制进行了持续研究。本文首次系统总结了近年来燃气透平叶片表面污染物颗粒沉积特性数值研究进展,重点介绍了燃气透平叶栅流道内污染物颗粒的沉积机制、颗粒沉积和脱离物理模型以及颗粒沉积与透平叶片冷却特性相互作用的数值模拟方法和研究成果。基于当前研究热点和发展趋势,结合作者的研究经历,指出了国内在研发先进燃气轮机透平冷却结构时应注意的问题和方向,为高效、燃料适应性更广的燃气轮机技术自主开发奠定基础。  相似文献   

8.
由于同时具备机械捕获和静电吸附两种除尘机制,驻极体滤料具有更高的过滤效率,在微细颗粒物净化中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文利用格子波尔兹曼耦合离散单元法模拟研究了顺排、叉排、随机排列三种纤维排布方式下清洁和含尘驻极体滤料过滤性能的差异。模拟过程中详细考虑了颗粒和纤维间的粘附碰撞过程。研究结果表明,较普通滤料,驻极体滤料对大尺度中性颗粒捕获能力的促进作用更强;随着颗粒在纤维表面的沉积,驻极体滤料和普通滤料对中性颗粒捕集效率的差异逐步趋小。对于布朗扩散为主的细颗粒,均匀排布(顺排和叉排)时滤料捕集效率较随机排布时更大;而对于惯性和拦截效应为主的较大尺度颗粒,叉排排布时滤料捕集效率较顺排和随机排列大。  相似文献   

9.
类金刚石薄膜在硅基底上的沉积及其热导率   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
艾立强  张相雄  陈民  熊大曦 《物理学报》2016,65(9):96501-096501
采用分子动力学方法模拟了碳在晶体硅基底上的沉积过程, 并分析计算了所沉积的类金刚石薄膜的面向及法向热导率. 对沉积过程的模拟表明, 薄膜密度及sp3杂化类型的碳原子所占比例均随沉积高度的增加而减小, 在碳原子以1 eV能量垂直入射的情况下, 在硅基底上沉积的薄膜密度约为2.8 g/cm3, sp3杂化类型的碳原子所占比例约为22%, 均低于碳在金刚石基底上沉积的情况. 采用Green-Kubo方法, 计算了所沉积类金刚石薄膜的热导率, 其面向热导率可以达到相同尺寸规则金刚石晶体的50%左右, 并且随着薄膜密度与sp3杂化类型碳原子所占比例的升高而升高.  相似文献   

10.
为研究人体鼻腔内的气体流动和颗粒沉积状况,基于19岁男志愿者的螺旋CT医学图像,采用医学有限元方法和逆向工程技术,重构了真实人体鼻腔的三维几何模型.采用RNG k-ε湍流模型和有限差分数值方法对志愿者在Q=15 L/min(人体平静时刻)、Q=30 L/min(小负荷运动时刻)、Q=60 L/min(大负荷运动时刻)三种呼吸强度下的鼻腔内的气体流动特性进行了数值模拟与分析,得到了呼吸时鼻腔内的压力和气流分布规律,并在拉格朗日框架下跟踪了颗粒的运动和沉积.以3μm粒径颗粒为研究对象,可视化显示了其在鼻腔内的沉积位置.本研究对呼吸时人鼻腔中气体流动特性、气雾剂治疗等问题深入探讨具有参考价值.  相似文献   

11.
Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.  相似文献   

12.
A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.  相似文献   

13.
The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·104 Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.  相似文献   

16.
A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.  相似文献   

17.
A transient suppression method for piezoelectric ceramic transducer is presented. By adding some special pedestal pulses to the original transmitted signal, the transient effects in the output of the transducer can be just precisely transmission by use of a narrowband transducer. canceled, thereby achieving the broadband The experimental results show that the transient responses of the sinusoid pulses and coded signals are suppressed successfully and the acoustic waveforms radiated into the surrounding water are improved significantly.  相似文献   

18.
We experimentally demonstrate amplitude squeezed soliton utilizing intensity-dependent self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer.The system.whose components are connected via ferrule connector/physical connection(FC/PC)fiber connectors,constitutes all-fiber configuration to generate squeezed soliton.Soliton amplitude reduction measured by homodyne detection is near 4.0 dB below the shot-noise level.Optimal squeezing fields in both simple and compact all-fiber configuration are obtained.  相似文献   

19.
The(2 1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr(o)dinger(NLS)equation with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities is investigated,which describes propagation of light in(2 1)-dimensional nonlinear optical media with inhomogeneous nonlinearities.New types of optical modes and nonlinear effects in optical media are presented numerically.The results reveal that the regular split of beam can be obtained in (2 1)-dimensional nonlinear optical media with inhomogeneous nonlinearities,by adjusting the guiding parameter.Furthermore,the stability of beam regular split is discussed numerically,and the results reveal that the beam regular split is stable to the finite initial perturbations.  相似文献   

20.
In the real-world application of face recognition system, owing to the difficulties of collecting samples or storage space of systems, only one sample image per person is stored in the system, which is so-called one sample per person problem. Moreover, pose and illumination have impact on recognition performance. We propose a novel pose and illumination robust algorithm for face recognition with a single training image per person to solve the above limitations. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is an efficient and practical approach for face recognition.  相似文献   

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