氧化镍（绿镍矿）等温压缩及高压相变研究

 本文采用DAC（金刚石压砧高压腔）装置，对氧化镍进行了静水压、非静水压、电导率测量等系统高压实验，获取了氧化镍等温压缩、高压相变及电导率压力效应的新结果，并在实验数据的基础上，对其高压相变与电性及磁性变化关系及体弹性模量作了分析讨论。     

玻璃熔窑内配合料熔化的相变模型

配合料熔化模型是玻璃熔窑整体数学模型的重要组成部分，配合料熔化模型合理性影响到玻璃液流数值模拟结果的真实性。本文引入焓方法建立了新的配合料熔化“相变模型”。新模型不但考虑了配合料在水平方向上的温度变化，更考虑了在料层厚度方向上的温度变化及固相到液相的转变。应用新模型计算配合料的非等温相变，可以获得配合料熔化过程更多的信息，模拟结果更接近实际情况。     

非等温非牛顿黏性流体流动问题的修正光滑粒子动力学方法模拟

为准确、有效地模拟非等温非牛顿黏性流体的流动问题,本文基于一种不含核导数计算的核梯度修正格式和不可压缩条件给出了一种改进光滑粒子动力学(SPH)离散格式,它较传统SPH离散格式具有较高精度和较好稳定性.同时,为准确地描述温度场的演化过程,建立了非牛顿黏性的SPH温度离散模型.通过对等温Poiseuille流、喷射流和非等温Couette流、4:1收缩流进行模拟,并与其他数值结果作对比,分别验证了改进SPH方法模拟非牛顿黏性流动问题的可靠性和提出的SPH温度离散模型求解非等温流动问题的有效性和准确性.随后,运用改进SPH方法结合SPH温度离散模型对环形腔和C形腔内非等温非牛顿黏性流体的充模过程进行了试探性模拟研究,分析了数值模拟的收敛性,讨论了不同位置处热流参数对温度和流动的影响.     

Cu-Al-Be合金逆马氏体相变过程中内耗的等温变化研究

本文研究了Cu-Al-Be合金等温逆马氏体相变过程中内耗的变化规律.研究发现,在相变温区,样品内耗值随等温时间的延长而有规律地下降.我们认为,这一现象是由于晶体内部缺陷运动引起的.在等温过程中,点缺陷向界面偏聚,逐渐限制界面移动,引起内耗的下降.     

Cu-Al-Be合金逆马氏体相变过程中内耗的等温变化研究

本文研究了Cu-Al—Be合金等温逆马氏体相变过程中内耗的变化规律。研究发现，在相变温区，样品内耗值随等温时间的延长而有规律地下降。我们认为，这一现象是由于晶体内部缺陷运动引起的。在等温过程中，点缺陷向界面偏聚,逐渐限制界面移动，引起内耗的下降。     

一级相变磁制冷材料的基础问题探究

由于一级相变磁制冷材料发生磁相变时有晶胞体积的突变,相变过程中有相变潜热存在,其磁化过程中有许多磁学问题有待于进一步探究.本文以LaFe13-xSix合金为研究对象,在现有对磁一级相变基础问题的分析基础上,对一级相变材料中系统熵变、等温熵变、绝热温变、热滞、磁滞、铁磁与顺磁态两相共存的温度区间和磁场区间、制冷能力的计算等磁学基础问题进行了较为细致的探究.分析表明,在忽略完全铁磁态和顺磁态对磁热效应的贡献时,Maxwell方程和Clausius-Clapeyron方程计算熵变的值具有等效性.等温磁化过程中升温和降温曲线包围的面积SABCE(磁滞的大小),实际上是升温过程和降温过程中磁场做的净功,等于相变潜热之差.磁滞和热滞的大小与磁化过程数据测量的时间有关,测量时间越长则滞后越小,当相变是平衡相变则滞后为零.另外,对温度和磁场诱导磁相变过程进行了分析,提出了一级相变磁制冷材料制冷能力的不同计算模型.本文对一级相变磁制冷材料的磁学基础问题研究有一定的参考价值.     

马氏体相变过程中低频内耗的研究

本文测出了金镉(Au-Cd)合金在正反马氏体相变过程的低频内耗峰,内耗极大值与变温速率有线性关系,但比Fe-Mn等非热弹性马氏体相变内耗的速率依赖要小得多,稳定内耗峰(变温速率为零)在每一温度的内耗值与频率无关,是静滞型损耗。内耗峰高与马氏体晶粒尺寸有关。等温转变过程也出现一个内耗-时间峰。根据以上诸实验事实,我们认为,低频马氏体相变内耗是由那些在振动应力作用下可以运动的相界面所引起的。 关键词：     

用细胞自动机方法构造非平衡相变模型

阐述了一旦给定细胞自动机方法的法则,将如何构造实际问题的物理学模型的方法。并用此法构造出非平衡相变模型。同时对类平均场近似方法进行了讨论,并将其预言与非平衡相变模型的精确的数值结果进行了比较。 关键词：     

气泡成核过程的格子Boltzmann方法模拟

利用精确差分格子Boltzmann模型探讨水在特定温度下的亚稳态及不稳定平衡态, 获得等温相变过程中形成气泡和液滴的条件, 模型预测结果与理论解符合良好. 在该等温模型的基础上耦合能量方程, 通过调节流体-壁面相互作用力获得不同的气泡与固壁间接触角, 从而建立了一种新的描述气液相变的格子Boltzmann理论模型. 利用该新模型模拟不同流体-壁面相互作用力下凹坑气泡成核过程, 再现了气泡成核过程中的三阶段特性; 探讨了接触角、曲率半径及气泡体积随气泡成核过程的变化关系, 获得了与文献结果定性符合的曲率-气泡体积关系曲线. 关键词： 格子Boltzmann方法 气泡成核过程 气液相变 接触角     

非静水压条件下铁从α到ε结构相变的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波赝势方法,研究了三轴加载的非静水压力和静水压力对铁从体心立方结构（bcc,α相）到六角密排结构（hcp,ε相）相变压力和磁性的影响,结果发现：在0—18 GPa压力范围内,相对静水压力条件,随着压力的升高,bcc结构的原子磁矩在非静水压力下降低得更快;在非静水压力下,相变更容易发生,相变压力随着非静水压力程度的增加而降低;并且对非静水压力对相变压力影响的物理机理进行了讨论. 关键词： 相变 非静水压力 第一性原理 铁     

Binary Level Set Methods for Dynamic Reservoir Characterization by Operator Splitting Scheme

In this paper, operator splitting scheme for dynamic reservoir characterization by binary level set method is employed. For this problem, the absolute permeability of the two-phase porous medium flow can be simulated by the constrained augmented Lagrangian optimization method with well data and seismic time-lapse data. By transforming the constrained optimization problem in an unconstrained one, the saddle point problem can be solved by Uzawas algorithms with operator splitting scheme, which is based on the essence of binary level set method. Both the simple and complicated numerical examples demonstrate that the given algorithms are stable and efficient and the absolute permeability can be satisfactorily recovered.     

Further improvement of the Lyapunov functional and the delay-dependent stability criterion for a neural network with a constant delay

This paper investigates the asymptotical stability problem of a neural system with a constant delay. A new delaydependent stability condition is derived by using the novel augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii function with triple integral terms, and the additional triple integral terms play a key role in the further reduction of conservativeness. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness and lower conservativeness of the proposed method.     

Image reconstruction based on total-variation minimization and alternating direction method in linear scan computed tomography

Linear scan computed tomography (LCT) is of great benefit to online industrial scanning and security inspection due to its characteristics of straight-line source trajectory and high scanning speed. However, in practical applications of LCT, there are challenges to image reconstruction due to limited-angle and insufficient data. In this paper, a new reconstruction algorithm based on total-variation (TV) minimization is developed to reconstruct images from limited-angle and insufficient data in LCT. The main idea of our approach is to reformulate a TV problem as a linear equality constrained problem where the objective function is separable, and then minimize its augmented Lagrangian function by using alternating direction method (ADM) to solve subproblems. The proposed method is robust and efficient in the task of reconstruction by showing the convergence of ADM. The numerical simulations and real data reconstructions show that the proposed reconstruction method brings reasonable performance and outperforms some previous ones when applied to an LCT imaging problem.     

三维四翼广义增广Lü系统

增广Lü系统是仅含有两个控制参数的三维混沌系统,可产生一个伪四翼吸引子.利用混沌反控制方法,通过在增广Lü系统中引入一个简单的线性状态控制器,提出了一个新三维混沌系统——广义增广Lü系统.新系统实现了一个真正的具有复合结构的四翼吸引子,它包含了两个镜像对称的子系统.理论分析、数值仿真和电路实验证明了广义增广Lü系统四翼吸引子的存在性,也阐述了广义增广Lü系统有着较增广Lü系统更加丰富的动力学特性. 关键词： 广义增广Lü系统 四翼吸引子 数值仿真 电路实验     

Augmented Lagrangian and penalty methods for the simulation of two-phase flows interacting with moving solids. Application to hydroplaning flows interacting with real tire tread patterns

The numerical simulation of the interaction between a free surface flow and a moving obstacle is considered for the analysis of hydroplaning flows. A new augmented Lagrangian method, coupled to fictitious domains and penalty methods, is proposed for the simulation of multi-phase flows. The augmented Lagrangian parameter is estimated by an automatic analysis of the discretization matrix resulting from the approximation of the momentum equations. The algebraic automatic augmented Lagrangian 3AL approach is validated on the natural convection in a differentially heated cavity, a two-dimensional collapse of a water column, the three-dimensional settling of a particle in a tank and the falling of a dense cylinder in air. Finally, the 3AL method is utilized to simulate the hydroplaning of a tire under various pattern shape conditions.     

An Eulerian method for multi-component problems in non-linear elasticity with sliding interfaces

This paper is devoted to developing a multi-material numerical scheme for non-linear elastic solids, with emphasis on the inclusion of interfacial boundary conditions. In particular for colliding solid objects it is desirable to allow large deformations and relative slide, whilst employing fixed grids and maintaining sharp interfaces. Existing schemes utilising interface tracking methods such as volume-of-fluid typically introduce erroneous transport of tangential momentum across material boundaries. Aside from combatting these difficulties one can also make improvements in a numerical scheme for multiple compressible solids by utilising governing models that facilitate application of high-order shock capturing methods developed for hydrodynamics. A numerical scheme that simultaneously allows for sliding boundaries and utilises such high-order shock capturing methods has not yet been demonstrated. A scheme is proposed here that directly addresses these challenges by extending a ghost cell method for gas-dynamics to solid mechanics, by using a first-order model for elastic materials in conservative form. Interface interactions are captured using the solution of a multi-material Riemann problem which is derived in detail. Several different boundary conditions are considered including solid/solid and solid/vacuum contact problems. Interfaces are tracked using level-set functions. The underlying single material numerical method includes a characteristic based Riemann solver and high-order WENO reconstruction. Numerical solutions of example multi-material problems are provided in comparison to exact solutions for the one-dimensional augmented system, and for a two-dimensional friction experiment.     

Inverse estimation of the elastic and anelastic properties of the porous frame of anisotropic open-cell foams

This paper presents a method for simultaneously identifying both the elastic and anelastic properties of the porous frame of anisotropic open-cell foams. The approach is based on an inverse estimation procedure of the complex stiffness matrix of the frame by performing a model fit of a set of transfer functions of a sample of material subjected to compression excitation in vacuo. The material elastic properties are assumed to have orthotropic symmetry and the anelastic properties are described using a fractional-derivative model within the framework of an augmented Hooke's law. The inverse estimation problem is formulated as a numerical optimization procedure and solved using the globally convergent method of moving asymptotes. To show the feasibility of the approach a numerically generated target material is used here as a benchmark. It is shown that the method provides the full frequency-dependent orthotropic complex stiffness matrix within a reasonable degree of accuracy.     

The Sensitivity Analysis for the Flow Past Obstacles Problem with Respect to the Reynolds Number

In this paper, numerical sensitivity analysis with respect to the Reynolds number for the flow past obstacle problem is presented. To carry out such analysis, at each time step, we need to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on irregular domains twice, one for the primary variables; the other is for the sensitivity variables with homogeneous boundary conditions. The Navier-Stokes solver is the augmented immersed interface method for Navier-Stokes equations on irregular domains. One of the most important contributions of this paper is that our analysis can predict the critical Reynolds number at which the vortex shading begins to develop in the wake of the obstacle. Some interesting experiments are shown to illustrate how the critical Reynolds number varies with different geometric settings.     

New results on stability criteria for neural networks with time-varying delays

In this paper,the problem of stability analysis for neural networks with time-varying delays is considered.By constructing a new augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii’s functional and some novel analysis techniques,improved delaydependent criteria for checking the stability of the neural networks are established.The proposed criteria are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) which can be easily solved and checked by various convex optimization algorithms.Two numerical examples are included to show the superiority of our results.     

ρ-VOF:一种可清晰模拟自由界面的两相流方法

文章通过对EFM(effective field modeling)模型进行简化, 消除了原模型的非守恒性项和非双曲性特性项, 发展了一种基于密度的气液两相流模拟方法: ρ-VOF方法.利用体积分数信息对控制单元内的自由界面进行重构, 得到了控制单元内流体的空间分布, 并采用AUSM+-up格式获得考虑气液流体接触间断信息的对流通量.新方法可统一处理激波间断和接触间断的相互作用, 保持自由界面的尖锐性, 并且其计算量与自由界面的空间复杂度无关.最后, 数值模拟了液体激波管气液激波管和气体激波跨二维液滴传播等问题, 并与文献结果进行对比, 验证了本方法在气液两相流模拟中的准确性.