首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 92 毫秒
1.
张碧星  王文龙 《物理学报》2008,57(6):3613-3619
开展了凹面线性相控阵列辐射声场在液固界面上的反射和折射特性研究,利用射线近似方法,得到了凹面相控阵聚焦声场在液固界面上反射和折射后的声场渐近解析表达式,对声波在液固曲面上的反射和折射声场进行了分析和讨论. 利用这个解析表达式,对凹面线性聚焦声场在液固平界面和液固圆柱界面情况下固体中折射纵波和折射横波的相控阵声场进行了分析和讨论,发现凹面线阵声场在液固圆柱界面下比液固平界面具有更好的聚焦效果. 关键词: 凹面阵列 超声相控阵 反射与折射  相似文献   

2.
设计了一种简便的适用于油相密度大于水相 (水上油下 )的液 -液界面全内反射分光光度测定装置。入射光经过棱镜折射和油水界面反射后 ,再经过比色皿底部的玻璃 -空气界面反射回油 -水界面 ,如此反复一定次数后 ,最后经棱镜折射进入检测器。发生全反射的次数可以通过改变油 -水界面的高度来调整 ,以获得适当的灵敏度。利用本装置测定了金胺 O在 CCl4/ H2 O界面的吸收光谱 ,并与在溶液中的情况进行了比较。  相似文献   

3.
液液传质的全息测量   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文介绍了摄制液液传质界面现象全息图的方法以及影响全息图记录质量的因素,为深入研究液液传质界面现象开辟了新途径。  相似文献   

4.
胡明鹏  吴时彬  龚秀明  杨伟景  洪伟 《光学学报》2012,32(2):212004-149
为了对熔石英光学玻璃应力及光学均匀性进行测试,提出一种测试用高精度折射液配制方法。根据分子结构定量关系及组分的摩尔折光度定量可加的原理,推导了折射液配比公式并制定了折射液的配比工艺;分析了折射液的折射率随测试温度和测试波长不同的变化规律,并进行了实验验证;最后分析了折射液精度对测试结果的影响。通过上述方法在实验室环境配制出与熔石英折射率匹配精度为±2×10-5的折射液;通过对粗磨光学玻璃透射比实验表明,采用该方法配制的折射液对粗磨光学玻璃在450~700nm光谱范围内透射比从低于20%提高到97%以上;利用该方法和选用的成分配制的折射液具有毒性小、挥发性小、无色无味、长时间保存折射率保持性好的优点,可以很好地用于熔石英光学玻璃材料特性测试。  相似文献   

5.
有限入射声束在液固界面声反射的数值研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
邓明晰 《应用声学》1998,17(4):11-17
采用将有限声束分解为一系列平面波的方法,对液固界面声束的声反射问题进行了数值研究,结果表明,当声束入射角为瑞利疲激角时,反射声速有明显位移;当声束在液固界面“掠射”时,反射声速显著变宽,文中还讨论了束宽对反射声速横截面上声场分布的影响。  相似文献   

6.
在微流控系统中,稳定、可控的柔性气-液界面可实现声流体颗粒富集、微纳操作、快速气-液反应等各种实际物理和生化应用.微流道内气-液界面的抗流体剪切能力对于增强微尺度下气-液界面的可控性具有十分重要的意义.为此,文章研究了具有高稳定性、高可控性、可阵列化的微尺度驻停气泡现象.利用嵌入局部裂隙的微流道以及与之平行的气体流道,可对驻停气泡的生成和形态进行有效调节,并利用其可控的气-液界面实现多种功能化应用.在此基础上,文章进一步研究柔性可控气-液界面的抗流体剪切能力,对形态变化中的气-液界面受力进行分析,利用仿真和实验手段研究不同状态下气-液界面的形状特征,研究不同的液体驱动压力、裂隙尺寸以及裂隙形状对气-液界面抗剪切能力的影响,并将界面的曲率半径作为气泡驻留与否的判定依据.文章对驻停气泡柔性气-液界面抗流体剪切能力的研究有助于优化其控制方法,增强其控制稳定性并拓展其潜在应用场合.   相似文献   

7.
文章从理论和实验上研究了二维三角晶格声子晶体第二能带具有回波(backward-wave)效应的负折射现象。Bragg散射将第二能带等频线(equifrequency surface)分成两类,它们分别凹向简约布里渊区(BZ)的K点和Г点,并由此导致了两种不同的回波负折射现象。理论和实验证明,这两类负折射的角度与声波的频率以及入射角的变化关系截然不同,同时在第二能带中,不仅存在回波负折射,还存在回波正折射,这两种折射所具有的回波效应都可以用于通过位相补偿效应来突破衍射极限。上述现象和左手材料中以及声子晶体第一能带中的折射现象是不相同的,揭示了声子晶体,第二能带具有更丰富的物理现象.  相似文献   

8.
于明  刘全 《物理学报》2016,65(2):24702-024702
凝聚炸药爆轰在边界高声速材料约束下传播时,爆轰波会在约束材料界面上产生复杂的折射现象.本文针对凝聚炸药爆轰波在高声速材料界面上的折射现象展开理论和数值模拟分析.首先通过建立在爆轰ZND模型上的改进爆轰波极曲线理论给出爆轰波折射类型,然后发展一种求解爆轰反应流动方程的基于特征理论的二阶单元中心型Lagrange计算方法来数值模拟典型的爆轰波折射过程.从改进爆轰波极曲线理论和二阶Lagrange方法数值模拟给出的结果看出,凝聚炸药爆轰波在高声速材料界面上的折射类型有四种:反射冲击波的正规折射、带束缚前驱波的非正规折射、带双Mach反射的非正规折射、带λ波结构的非正规折射.  相似文献   

9.
单轴晶体中的负折射现象研究   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4  
罗海陆  胡巍  易煦农  刘海英  朱静 《光学学报》2005,25(9):249-1253
分析了在各向同性介质和单轴晶体界面实现负折射的最佳条件。计算发现,通过调节光轴角和各向异性参量可以使得负折射现象更为明显,获得最佳光轴角和最大入射临界角。各向异性强的晶体实现负折射的入射角范围可能会很大。讨论了单轴晶体中和负折射率介质中的负折射现象的区别:负折射率介质中的负折射是由负的折射率引起的,单轴晶体中是由于各向异性决定的。同时还发现单轴晶体中的能流负折射现象不能实现Pendry在理论上所预言的完美透镜。  相似文献   

10.
介绍了利用核磁共振成像的办法获得一般光学方法难以得到的水-破璃-油界面、水-玻璃-苯界面影像的实验工作,并利用得到的图像拟合了其界面接触角的值.实验中首次将核磁共振断面成像的办法应用到接触角影像分析中去,并且作了从气-固-液接触角测量到液-固-液接触角测量的有益尝试.  相似文献   

11.
A nonparaxial multi-Gaussian beam model based on the rectangular aperture is proposed in order to overcome the limitation of paraxial Gaussian beam model which losing accuracy in off-axis beam fields. With the method, acoustical field generated by an ultrasonic linear phased array transducer is calculated and compared with the corresponding field obtained by Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral, paraxial multi-Gaussian beam model, and Fraunhoffer approximation method. Simulation examples show that nonparaxial multi-Gaussian beam model is not limited by the paraxial approximation condition and can predict efficiently and accurately the acoustical field radiated by a linear phased array transducer over a wide range of steering angles.  相似文献   

12.
In this paper we present a novel technique for acoustic field imaging. This technique is based on reflection of a collimated laser beam at the free surface of a liquid. The reflected beam becomes phase modulated by the acoustic wave as in acoustical holographic systems. We do not use a reference acoustical beam for holographic reconstruction but we observe this phase modulation using dark-field techniques. It gives a measurement of the acoustic field power as a function of the position. The authors have built an optical imaging system and carried out experiments with piezocomposite transducers. The technique presented in this work is able to give fast quantitative information about the performance of individual ceramic rods of the piezocomposite.  相似文献   

13.
A new optical method for measuring the acoustical wavelengths with a great accuracy has been investigated. An acousto-optical interaction is performed and the acoustical frequency range is such that the diffraction take place in “Bragg regime”. The phase modulation of the scattered laser beam is visualized by means of an optical heterodyning. When the location of the acousto-optical interaction is linearly displaced, the detected beating signal supplies a local measurement (10 μ) of the acoustical wavelength.  相似文献   

14.
Zhang W  Wang Y  Pi Y  Huang Y  Peng J 《Optics letters》2007,32(16):2303-2305
The influences of the pump wavelength and temperature on the dual-peaked Brillouin property of a piece of a small-core microstructure fiber are investigated using the heterodyne method. The experimental results indicate that the dispersion characteristics of the acoustical modes participating in the Brillouin scattering are formed by the coupling of two acoustical modes with different acoustical field distributions. The influence of the pump wavelength can contribute to the variation of the acoustical mode wave vectors. On the other hand, the influence of the environment temperature can contribute to the shift of acoustical mode dispersion map by the variation of the material mechanical parameters and thermal expansion. The model and experiment results demonstrate that the height ratio of the two Brillouin peaks can be controlled by adjusting the pump wavelength or environment temperature.  相似文献   

15.
The beam shape of a circular array transducer that is commonly used in intravascular ultrasound catheters was investigated in linear mode of operation. For this use, a simulation program which can simulate the radio frequency (rf)-response of a number of scatterers has been developed. The program is based on the impulse response method, which is implemented in the frequency domain. Due to the unusual geometry of the transducer, the far field gets peculiarly shaped for large apertures. Instead of having a far field with its maximum intensity in a single lobe on the acoustical axis, the far field splits up into a dual-lobe far field with maximum intensity in two lobes off the acoustical axis. A formula is derived that predicts the occurrence of these beam shapes.  相似文献   

16.
A method to measure transverse blood flow, based on correlation between consecutive radio frequency (RF) signals, has been developed. Currently, we are implementing the method for an intravascular (IVUS) array catheter. In this paper, the acoustical beam (line-spread function, LSF) was experimentally measured and compared with the simulated one. Next, the experimental LSF(E) was convolved with a matrix of white noise to produce RF(E) signals. Decorrelation pattern from the RF(E) signals was compared with the correspondent autoconvolution of the LSF(E) and a good agreement was found. We conclude that the transverse decorrelation pattern of the IVUS array catheter can be assessed from the properties of the acoustical beam.  相似文献   

17.
A simple spectroscopic technique is used to detect low-frequency acoustical phonons. Resonantly enhanced modulated transfer processes in optical heterodyne spectroscopy are accomplished from a frequency shifted modulated beam to an unmodulated beam in a nonlinear medium having low-frequency induced phonons. The resonance condition is achieved when the phonon frequency is set equal to the beat frequency of the two beams.  相似文献   

18.
In this paper, closed-form mathematical expressions are obtained for the amplitudes of the harmonic and intermodulation products of the fiber optic Mach–Zehnder microphone excited by a multitone acoustical perturbation. The results show the strong dependence of the harmonic and intermodulation performance on the amplitude of the acoustical perturbation tones and the phase shift produced by the DC bias voltage applied to the reference fiber of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The results also show that depending on the phase shift produced by the DC bias voltage, either the third-order or the second-order intermodulation will be dominant. Compared to previously published results for other types of microphones, it appears that the phase shift produced by the DC bias voltage plays an important role in deciding the order of the dominant intermodulation product.  相似文献   

19.
Photoluminescence of CdTe nanocrystals (NC) is excited resonantly in the lowest energy absorption peak. The spectrum shows a luminescence line shifted to a lower energy and acoustical and optical phonon replica. The Stokes shift between the luminescence and excitation lines is attributed to the electron-hole exchange energy in the nanocrystal. By tuning the laser line inside the absorption peak, we are able to measure the Stokes shift as a function of the excitation energy. Calculation of the absorption gap and the Stokes shift is done in a tight-binding theory. It allows us to determine the radius R of NC excited at a given wavelength and to compare the experimental and theoretical values of the exchange energy as a function of R. A very good agreement is obtained. The observed size dependence of the acoustical phonon mode energy provides a further confirmation of our analysis.  相似文献   

20.
An optimization study is performed to design a sandwich panel with a balance of acoustical and mechanical properties at minimal weight. An acoustical model based on higher-order sandwich beam theory is used with mechanical analysis of the maximum deflection at the center of the sandwich panel under a concentrated force. First, a parametric study is performed to determine the effects of individual design variables on the sound transmission loss of the sandwich panel. Next, by constraining the acoustical and mechanical behavior of the sandwich panel, the area mass density of the sandwich panel is minimized using a genetic algorithm. The sandwich panels are constructed from eight face-sheet and sixteen core materials, with varying thicknesses of the face sheets and the core. The resulting design is a light-weight, mechanically efficient sound insulator with strength and stiffness comparable to sandwich structures commonly used in structural applications.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号