高热流密度激光作用下含湿多孔材料的传热传质分析

建立了快速高热流密度激光作用下含湿多孔材料传热传质数学模型,并采用恰当的数值处理方法进行了数值计算.结果表明,快速高热流密度激光作用下含湿多孔材料的传热传质具有经典热质传递理论难以解释的超常效应-非傅立叶与非费克效应,且非费克效应比非傅立叶效应更明显,较高含湿量的材料在高热流密度激光作用下的非费克效应应予以足够重视.     

加热条件下含湿多孔介质中液体分布及机理

建立了考虑临界含湿率的非饱和含湿多孔介质加热条件下的热质传输模型。含湿率低于临界值时,由于不同孔隙内水分互不接触,无法在高低含湿率区域间产生由于毛细作用而引起的液体流动,因而忽略介质中液相毛细流动;当含湿率高于临界值时,则考虑液相毛细流动。利用建立的模型,对加热条件下低于和高于临界含湿率情况下的堆积颗粒多孔介质中水分迁移情况进行了分析。模拟分析及实验研究表明应根据含湿率与临界含湿率关系确定是否考虑由毛细力引起的流动。     

基于质量积耗散的膜法除湿组件结构设计

建立了错流中空纤维膜液体除湿组件的二维传热、传质数学模型,引入研究传质过程质量积耗散的湿阻来衡量溶液除湿过程中水分传递的不可逆性。通过分析膜法除湿组件中除湿与传热耦合的湿空气水分传递过程,得到了热湿传递过程中传质的阻力表达式。通过一个典型设计实例,得出了可以降低中空纤维膜除湿组件不可逆传质损失的管长、根数、管间距、排列方式等设计参数。     

叉流填料再生器中传热传质系数的实验研究

以.NTU-Le模型为基础提出一种根据实验结果来测定溶液再生过程的耦合传热传质系数的方法.以氯化锂溶液为再生剂,进行了溶液再生稳态实验,计算得到不同工况下的耦合传质系数和Le数并拟合出其计算关联式,分析了各种入口参数对传质系数的影响.最后验证了计算关联式的正确性,空气温度和含湿量的模拟平均偏差分别为3.236%和1.28%.     

循环床中气固两相局部传热传质规律的研究

本文对含湿颗粒在循环床中干燥过程的传热传质规律进行了实验研究。本文发展的一种利用双热电偶参考标定法，获得了气、固两相沿床高的局部温度。对气体表观流速，固体循环率，颗粒初始含湿量对传热传质的影响进行了分析和讨论。所获得的循环床中传热传质系数的实验关联式，可供干燥颗粒、造粒、粒面包裹等工业设计参考使用。     

基于植物根系仿生的土壤热湿迁移数值模拟

以实验数据为依据,把土壤中的水分含量和水分梯度分布作为影响植物根系生长的环境因子,结合非饱和多孔介质中传热传质的数学模型,对冬小麦的根系生长进行仿生模拟,分析根系吸水对非饱和土壤湿分与热量传递的影响。在相同环境条件下,对裸土和有作物覆盖的土壤床中的热、湿迁移也进行了模拟比较。     

膜换湿特性影响因素的数值研究

本文对膜换湿过程进行了分析,建立了相应的物理数学模型,利用相关模型对不同工况下的传质过程进行了数值分析,对影响膜换湿特性的几种因素进行了研究.结果表明,膜内水蒸气扩散系数对于膜换湿有着显著的影响,空气来流速度对膜换湿特性的影响则很小,薄膜吸附类型参数C在较小的情况下,传质通量随C的增大有较显著的增加,而在C>2的情况下,传质通量随C的增大变化很小,趋向于一定值.     

饱和含混多孔介质自然对流传热传质的电化学方法实验研究

本文建立了饱和含湿多孔介质自然对流传热传质实验台，利用电化学方法，在封闭腔体的两竖壁上建立浓度梯度，实验探讨了两竖壁保持不同的温度和浓度时，腔体内部的温度分布及边壁上的传热传质特性。     

液相饱和度对多孔介质稳态导热系数的影响

在非饱和含湿多孔介质传热传质的过程中,由于湿分迁移的存在,使得真实导热系数的测量和处理存在争议。为此,运用有限元方法,求解了二维稳态条件下非饱和含湿多孔体特征单元的温度和热流密度,给出了不同液相饱和度时的有效导热系数。结果表明,对于通常的导热能力固体远大于液体、液体远大于气体的情形,随着液相饱和度的增加,多孔介质的导热系数先迅速增加,然后逐渐趋于平稳。     

不同运行模式下土壤-空气换热器热性能研究

基于多孔介质传热传质理论,建立了二维非饱和土壤耦合热湿迁移的数学模型。基于有限体积法,利用FORTRAN语言开发了二维椭圆型传热传湿计算程序。利用自编程序对不同运行模式下的土壤-空气换热器系统进行了全面的数值研究。连续模式下系统连续运行24 h;间歇模式1下系统运行60 min,然后停止运行30 min;间歇模式2下系统运行60 min,然后停止运行60 min.结果表明,在连续模式下较高含湿量的土壤比较低含湿量的土壤的系统热性能提升20.13%,含湿量较低的土壤在间歇模式下运行系统热性能较连续模式提升12.7%。     

Hydrodynamics,heat and mass exchange in sprayer sprinkling chambers

A two-dimensional physical and mathematical model of the motion and heat and mass exchange of a steam and gas mixture with liquid droplets of variable mass in sprayer sprinkling chambers at high moisture contents is formulated by using the concepts of interpenetrating continua with different velocities and temperatures. An analysis of this model is carried out.     

吸收式热泵降膜吸收过程传热传质理论分析及实验关联

本文对吸收式热泵的降膜吸收过程中动量、能量及质量传递进行了较全面的理论分析，建立了变膜厚降膜吸收数学模型，揭示了吸收过程中热量、动量、质量传递过程间的相互作用关系并提出以ＰＥ数为核心的凝结式降膜吸收理论。依据该理论，成功地对降膜吸收过程传热实验数据进行关联，获得了实用传热计算的无因次准则公式。     

考虑毛细滞后效应的未饱和含湿多孔介质传热和传质理论

毛细滞后是未饱和多孔介质中很重要的特性之一。在许多情况下，毛细滞后现象对介质中传热和传质过程有着显著的影响。本文引入最小梯度概念，用以描述多孔体中毛细水运动滞后的定量行为，进而建立了考虑毛细滞后效应的未饱和含温多孔介质传热和传质的系统理论，为进一步定量研究毛细滞后对传热传质的影响打下了理论基础。     

3D problem of heat and mass transfer at the ignition of a combustible liquid by a heated metal particle

A nonlinear nonstationary 3D problem of heat and mass transfer at gas phase ignition of a combustible liquid spread on the surface of a solid body by a metal particle heated to a high temperature is solved. This is done within the framework of a model taking into account the heat conduction and evaporation of the liquid, the diffusion and convection of the combustible vapors in the oxidizer medium, the crystallization of the ignition source, the kinetics of the processes of evaporation and ignition of liquids, the dependence of the thermophysical characteristics of the interacting substances on the temperature, and the moisture content of the oxidizer—air. The dependences of the ignition delay time of the liquid on the temperature and sizes of the heating source are established. Limiting values of the temperature and particle sizes at which the ignition conditions take place are determined. The influence of the air humidity on the inertia of the process being investigated is analyzed. A comparison of numerical values of typical parameters of the process under investigation for 2D and 3D models is performed.     

Modeling phase transition for compressible two-phase flows applied to metastable liquids

The seven-equation model for two-phase flows is a full non-equilibrium model, each phase has its own pressure, velocity, temperature, etc. A single value for each property, an equilibrium value, can be achieved by relaxation methods. This model has better features than other reduced models of equilibrium pressure for the numerical approximations in the presence of non-conservative terms. In this paper we modify this model to include the heat and mass transfer. We insert the heat and mass transfer through temperature and Gibbs free energy relaxation effects. New relaxation terms are modeled and new procedures for the instantaneous temperature and Gibbs free energy relaxation toward equilibrium is proposed. For modeling such relaxation terms, our idea is to make use of the assumptions that the mechanical properties, the pressure and the velocity, relax much faster than the thermal properties, the temperature and the Gibbs free energy, and the ratio of the Gibbs free energy relaxation time to the temperature relaxation time is extremely high. All relaxation processes are assumed to be instantaneous, i.e. the relaxation times are very close to zero. The temperature and the Gibbs free energy relaxation are used only at the interfaces. By these modifications we get a new model which is able to deal with transition fronts, evaporation fronts, where heat and mass transfer occur. These fronts appear as extra waves in the system. We use the same test problems on metastable liquids as in Saurel et al. [R. Saurel, F. Petitpas, R. Abgrall, Modeling phase transition in metastable liquids: application to cavitating and flashing flows, J. Fluid Mech. 607 (2008) 313–350]. We have almost similar results. Computed results are compared to the experimental ones of Simões-Moreira and Shepherd [J.R. Simões-Moreira, J.E. Shepherd, Evaporation waves in superheated dodecane, J. Fluid Mech. 382 (1999) 63–86]. A reasonable agreement is achieved. In addition we consider the six-equation model with a single velocity which is obtained from the seven-equation model in the asymptotic limit of zero velocity relaxation time. The same procedure for the heat and mass transfer is used with the six-equation model and a comparison is made between the results of this model with the results of the seven-equation model.     

管内污垢监测模型研究

提出了一种基于质量传递理论的监测模型。它不但适应热质同时交换现象,还增加了对单纯质交换的适应性,并且避免了因温差描述产生污垢热阻为负值的特异现象。最后进行了相关正交实验,表明了该监测模型的合理性。     

非共沸混合物分离过程热质传递模型研究

本文对R32/R125/R134a三元非共沸混合制冷剂在实现变组成容量控制的组成调节装置中的分离器即填料塔中的传热传质过程进行了理论分析,建立了初步的热质传递模型.对热质传递模型的计算结果进行了分析比较,说明本文建立的热质传递模型是合适正确的.