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竖直圆管中超临界压力CO2对流换热实验研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
本文对超临界压力CO2在竖直加热圆管内的对流换热进行了实验研究,比较了不同流向、不同热流密度等对流动和换热的影响。实验结果表明,管内径为2mm时,在低进口Re条件下,由于浮升力影响导致层流向湍流提前转变, 对流换热增强;与向上流动相比,向下流动更易由层流转变为湍流;向下流动的换热要强于向上流动,表明浮升力对换热有很大影响。对于管内径为0.27 mm的微细圆管,当进口Re高于104时,浮升力的影响可以忽略,对流换热系数的变化完全由物性的变化尤其是cp的变化导致。 相似文献
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本文采用数值模拟方法研究在跨临界Rankine系统(SRC)中的超临界CO_2在螺旋管内的吸热特性.分析了节距、浮升力和流体自加速对换热和流动的影响。研究结果表明节距对流体在螺旋管中的流动影响十分显著,随着节距的增加,横截面上由曲率产生的二次流逐渐演化成一个在中心区域的涡流.浮升力和曲率具有相似的作用在横截面上诱发二次流,在两者的共同作用下二次流发生偏转。流体自加速产生的再层化现象严重的抑制了流体换热性能。单一的浮升力或自加速指标不能揭示SCO_2在螺旋管中的换热特性,其换热特性需要综合考虑螺旋管几何结构、流体自加速、浮升力和物性的影响。 相似文献
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基于单相流体的概念,超临界流体的异常传热行为已经被研究很多年了,但是关于其流动传热机理仍没有统一的认识.本文通过理论分析和实验研究了超临界二氧化碳在竖直管内向上流动过程中,浮升力和流动加速效应对其流动结构和传热过程的影响.结果表明,没有确凿的实验证据表明超临界流体的异常传热行为是浮升力和流动加速直接导致的,存在的估计浮升力和流动加速效应准则均是在常物性流体的基础上,做了大量假设得出的,不同的研究者采用浮升力和流动加速准则分析超临界流体的传热恶化得出的结论不一致.最后,基于拟沸腾理论分析超临界流体的传热恶化过程,提出超临界沸腾数区分了超临界流体正常传热与恶化传热的转换边界,为超临界流体流动传热研究提供新思路,超临界沸腾数对建立用于不同技术的超临界流体动力循环的最佳运行条件具有重要意义. 相似文献
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超临界压力下正癸烷在微细圆管内对流换热实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文对超临界压力下正癸烷在内径为0.95 mm和2 mm竖直微细圆管内对流换热进行了实验研究.入口压力p_(in)=3 MPa和入口雷诺数Re_(in)=4000时,分析了管径、变物性、浮升力和加速对对流换热的影响.结果表明:在所研究的工况范围内,对于0.95 mm内径圆管,浮升力和加速对换热的影响可忽略,对流换热主要受变物性的影响;而对于2mm内径圆管,在高热流密度时,浮升力对正癸烷的对流换热影响很大,向上流动时引起换热恶化,向下流动时引起换热强化,加速对流动换热的影响可忽略. 相似文献
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Emily S.C. Ching 《Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena》2010,239(14):1346-1352
Turbulent thermal convection is a well-studied problem with various issues of interest. In this paper, we review our work which shows the nature and origin of anomalous scaling and heat transport in the limit of very strong thermal forcing, can be gained by studying a dynamical model, known as shell model, of homogeneous turbulent thermal convection in which buoyancy acts directly at most scales. Specifically, we have obtained two results. The first result is that when buoyancy acts directly at most scales such that the dynamics are governed by a cascade of entropy, the scaling behavior is described by Bolgiano and Obukhov scaling plus corrections that are due to the variations of the local entropy transfer rate. This result indicates the validity of the extension of refined similarity hypothesis to turbulent thermal convection. The second result is that when buoyancy is acting directly at most scales, a damping term acting on the largest scale, which has to be added for the system to achieve stationarity, plays a crucial role in heat transport, and that the heat transport depends on the strength of thermal forcing in the same manner as that predicted for the ultimate state of very strong thermal forcing. With our interpretation of the damping term representing the effect of the boundaries, this result indicates that in the ultimate state of turbulent thermal convection, when buoyancy is acting at most scales, boundaries would play a significant role in heat transport. 相似文献
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剖面不变性、反常电子热导及托卡马克装置约束性能分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
曲文孝 《核聚变与等离子体物理》1991,(4)
本文根据电子温度剖面不变性这一基本实验现象,通过分布量决定的广义对流能流的引入及其与局部量决定的局部反常电子热导关系的分析,在不涉及等离子体整体能量输运物理机制的情况下,给出了托卡马克装置约束性能更可信的描述方式。 相似文献
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Thermosolutal convection flow and its effect on the heat and the mass transfer in a square enclosure is studied experimentally. Both thermal and solute diffusion are induced from the sides, and natural convection is initiated by the combined thermal and solutal buoyancies, which either augment or oppose to each other. The solute diffusion is initiated in an electrochemical system that uses copper sulfate-sulfuric acid solution as an electrolyte. Depending on the magnitude of buoyancy ratio, three different kinds of flow regimes and structures can occur, which lead to different distributions of concentration in the enclosure. The formation and growth of layered flow structure is attributed to the solutal boundary-layer flow that can intrude and accumulate along the horizontal wall. The nearly stagnant layer that occurs can reduce the heat transfer rate. The Nusselt numbers at different flow regimes are measured and correlated in terms of relevant nondimensional parameters. This suggests the correlation of Sherwood number in different ranges of buoyancy ratio. The visualization of flow structures and measurements of both heat and mass transfer allow better understanding of the complicated system. 相似文献
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Double diffusive natural convection inside a porous cavity with non-uniform porosity has been numerically studied. The cavity was filled with two parallel porous layers with different porosity. Considering the effects of temperature-dependent viscosity, simulations have been done via the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) at representative elementary volume (REV) scale. In this study, the effect of porosity, buoyancy ratio, the viscosity-variation number and thermal Rayleigh number on heat and mass transfer rates was investigated. The streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentrations, average Nusselt number and average Sherwood number curves of different parameters were discussed in detail. It was observed that the governing parameters has significant impact on the fluid flow, temperature and concentration distributions. In addition, the average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are increase with an reduce in the viscosity-variation number. Further, as the absolute value of buoyancy ratio and thermal Rayleigh number increases, the effect of porosity and viscosity changes on the heat and mass transfer enhancement was augmented. 相似文献
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Abstract Results are presented that illustrate the effect of augmenting or opposing thermal and solutal body forces on the flow, temperature and concentration distributions. For augmenting buoyancy forces, the flow field is very similar to that for a single-component fluid. Multicellular flow patterns are observed for opposing buoyancy forces that depend on the buoyancy parameter. The solutal buoyancy force does not dominate the flow field for all values of opposing body forces, because the solutal gradient is vertical. The concentration gradient affects the natural convection through both the additional buoyancy force and the thermophysical properties of the gas mixture. 相似文献
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为了解决蒙特卡罗模拟S(, )模型只能求解特定温度条件下中子输运问题的局限性,建立了中子在不同温度液态水中输运的等效质量热运动模型。在分析自由气体热运动模型的基础上,采用不同的等效质量对中子与水中氢原子的弹性散射模拟过程进行改进,对中子穿过水层后的流量进行模拟计算,通过与S(, )模型的计算结果的比较,得到了5个不同的温度点水中氢原子的最佳等效质量。根据5个不同温度点的数据拟合给出了最佳等效质量和温度的函数关系。采用该模型计算得到的中子在不同温度条件下水中输运参数与S(, )模型相符。等效质量热运动模型突破了S(, )模型只能计算有限温度点的局限性,能有效处理300~800 K任意温度水中的中子输运问题。 相似文献
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The nanotechnology expansion has contributed vastly in explaining major difficulties in industrial and medicinal sciences. Flexibility of nanofluids prepared of nanoparticles is recognized essentially to the magnitude, shape, variety and ionic structure of the elements. Explicitly, the usage of nanofluids for heat intensification and mass transport is of varied application and it is increasing concern from investigators. In current study we incorporated convective conditions in chemically reactive radiated Oldroyd-B nanofluid with buoyancy influence. Additionally, magnetic and Joule heating aspects are considered. The noteworthy alterations altered the PDEs into ODEs and interpreted via homotopic algorithm. The aspects of influential variables are depicted and conferred. Here thermal and solutal Biot numbers have analogous impact respectively, on temperature and concentration fields. The current outcomes are also authenticated with obtainable prose. 相似文献