偶氮液晶聚合物中的非线性光致双折射

介绍了在偶氮液晶聚合物薄膜P-CN中发现的非线性光致双折射现象,给出了非线性光致双折射实验的具体结果.采用Z扫描技术验证了光致双折射的非线性过程本质,测量了P-CN介质薄膜的非线性吸收系数.讨论了光致双折射涉及的异构化微观机理,并在此基础上提出了非线性光光异构化实现光致双折射的方法 关键词： 液晶聚合物 光致双折射 光致异构化     

Photonic liquid crystal fibers — a new challenge for fiber optics and liquid crystals photonics

The paper reviews and discusses the latest developments in the field of the photonic liquid crystal fibers that have occurred for the last three years in view of new challenges for both fiber optics and liquid crystal photonics. In particular, we present the latest experimental results on electrically induced birefringence in photonic liquid crystal fibers and discuss possibilities and directions of future developments.     

The effects of external applied voltage on the nonlinear refractive index and the birefringence of a dye-doped nematic mixture

The nonlinear refractive index, n₂, and the birefringence, Δn, of a nematic liquid crystal mixture (denoted as 1294-1b) doped with a anthraquinone derivative (denoted as AQ) dye were measured as a function of an external ac applied voltage. The self-phased modulation effect was used to measure the nonlinear refractive index of homeotropical-aligned samples. The change of the dyed liquid crystal nonlinearity, which is the direct impact of the applied voltage on the dye molecules orientation, was not observed for the nonlinear response of the pure liquid crystal. Planar (homogeneous) aligned samples were used for birefringence measurements by taking into account the absorption coefficients of the dye. The birefringence decreased to a limiting value in the high voltage region for both pure and dye-doped samples, although in the presence of the absorbing dye the birefringence of the liquid crystal was not approximately changed.The polarized absorption spectra of the dye in nematic mixture were recorded in parallel-aligned liquid crystal cell and its dichroic ratio R and the order parameter S_d were obtained. The electro-optical effect of the guest-host system was also using polarized spectroscopic method.     

Complementary interference method for determining optical parameters of liquid crystals

ABSTRACT

Wedge cells of small apex angle, filled with liquid crystals, were used to determining optical characteristics as functions of temperature for three liquid crystalline mixtures recently produced and a reference nematic. The interference fringes appearing in polarised monochromatic light (of sodium yellow line) normally incident on the cell were exploited to measure the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices in the reflection mode and birefringence in the transmission mode. The measurements were repeated using Abbe's refractometer for 6CHBT as the reference to verifying the precision. Additionally the order parameter was computed from birefringence as a function of temperature. The results confirm the usefulness of the method and provide the properties of two nematic liquid crystals of small and large birefringence and one smectic liquid crystal of medium birefringence, recently produced. The experimental systems served also to investigating phase transition between the liquid crystals and the isotropic liquid at near-clearing temperature.     

液晶棱镜双折射实验

介绍了液晶棱镜盒的制作及利用其测试液晶双折射的实验方法.这种棱镜盒的2片梯形透明导电玻璃的重合部分为等边三角形.不加电场时,液晶盒不是光学各向异性的单轴晶体,没有双折射现象,只能观察到散射现象;在电极上施加电压使液晶垂面排列,液晶盒成双折射单晶,利用三棱镜最小偏向角原理测试液晶双折射率.     

液晶双折射Δn的测量

描述了一种简便、精确测量液晶的双折射Δn 值的方法。种这方法既可以用于测量其分离波长的值,又可以测量其连续波长(紫外、可见光或红外光谱区)的函数值。该方法根据单色线偏振光在折射率各向异性媒质中传播时产生相位差这一原理,给出两种液晶材料 E7和 TEB30的测量结果。     

液晶磁控偏光特性的研究

利用偏光干涉理论,通过对BL-009型向列相液晶透射比的测试,分析了液晶透射比随磁场的变化情况,并对液晶的磁控双折射效应进行了研究.实验在室温20℃下用JG-3型连续可调磁场仪对液晶盒施加垂直于其表面的磁场,用CT5A型特斯拉计准确读出磁场强度数值,使液晶盒光轴方向与起偏镜和检偏镜偏振方向成45°,分别测出了起偏镜和检偏镜偏振方向平行和垂直时的透射光强度.通过数学函数拟合,得出了液晶的双折射率随磁场的变化规律,即：当磁场强度大于液晶的阈值磁场时,拟合函数能很好地描述液晶磁控双折射率的变化规律.     

Orientational order of some liquid crystal/dye mixtures obtained from optical birefringence

ABSTRACT

This study presents optical birefringence measurements as a function of temperature for the liquid crystal/dye mixtures. The optical birefringence of the liquid crystals used in liquid crystal displays technology is related to the order parameter <P₂>, which is crucial from the development point of view. The properties of the dyes (4-dimethylamino-4′-nitrostilbene and N,N′-bis(2,5-di-tert-buthylphenyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide) as a guest molecule are tested over the whole region of nematic phase occurrence by three different methods: measurement with use of the plano-convex lens, Berek's compensator and photoelastic modulator.     

液晶电控双折射偏光显微镜观测实验

介绍液晶电控双折射知识,给出在偏光显微镜下观测液晶盒的颜色随外加电压变化的实验。该实验对丰富大学物理实验内容,拓宽学生知识具有一定的意义。     

Cw thermal lens effect in thin layer of nematic liquid crystal

A cw laser induced, thermal lens effect in a thin layer of MBBA nematic liquid crystal was observed. Due to the birefringence both focusing and defocusing were obtained, depending on the polarization. A qualitative discussion of the aberrational effect in this thermal thin lens is given.     

Influence of additional electric field on the birefringence of a nematic liquid crystal

Influence of the longitudinal voltage applied along the semiconductor substrate of a planar-oriented liquid crystal cell on the birefringence of a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) was investigated. It is shown that for a fixed magnitude of the transverse field the application of a longitudinal voltage creates an additional possibility to control the electro-optically induced phase incursion of the radiation passing through NLC. Dependence of the phase incursion on the control voltages is obtained. The results of simulation of the longitudinal voltage effect on the NLC reorientation are described. The obtained results can be used in development and designing of NLC phase modulators.     

液晶波前校正器特性研究

利用808 nm大功率连续激光器研究了液晶的光功率承受特性结果表明,当功率密度为133 W/cm2时,液晶还能保持原有的光学调制特性,而且可以长时间稳定工作测定了液晶的波长色散特性,发现,随着波长的增加Δn值逐渐减少,近紫外300~400 nm波段Δn变化47％,而在400~780 nm变化量为28％,在780~900 nm Δn变化了2％还研究了温度对液晶波前校正器衍射效率的影响,随着温度的升高Δn逐渐减小,当温度从10℃升到90℃时,对于16台阶菲涅耳透镜,衍射效率下降了70%;但当温度在20℃变化10℃时,对4台阶菲涅耳透镜衍射效率最大变化量为1.7%,而对16台阶菲涅耳透镜,衍射效率降低了1.2%.     

Optical birefringence and anisotropic scattering in acrylate based holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals

In this work, we experimentally study the evolution of the diffraction efficiency and birefringence of a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating. It is shown that the onset of birefringence coincides closely with the moment when TE and TM polarizated probes start to diffract differently. Light scattering, caused by liquid crystal droplets, is also monitored to understand the dynamics of droplet formation and growth. It is shown that the onset of anisotropic scattering and birefringence also occur almost simultaneously.     

Kerr effect and Kerr constant enhancement in vertically aligned deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals

In this article,we review recently achieved Kerr effect progress in novel liquid crystal(LC) material:vertically aligned deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal(VADHFLC).With an increasing applied electric field,the induced inplane birefringence of LCs shows quadratic nonlinearity.The theoretical calculations and experimental details are illustrated.With an enhanced Kerr constant to 130 nm/V2,this VADHFLC cell can achieve a 2π modulation by a small efficient electric field with a fast response around 100 μs and thus can be employed in both display and photonics devices.     

基于高双折射光子晶体光纤与光纤环的超宽带可调谐微波光子滤波器

提出一种基于高双折射光子晶体光纤与光纤环的超宽带可调谐微波光子滤波器.以多波长光纤激光器作为光源,向高双折射光子晶体光纤内填充温敏液体,通过改变填充温敏液体的温度,高双折射光子晶体光纤可具有不同的双折射,得到不同波长间隔的激光,从而使微波光子滤波器具有不同的自由频谱范围.当温度的变化范围为20~80℃时,仿真测得微波光子滤波器自由频谱的变化范围为2.49~39.9GHz.引入光纤环构建级联型微波光子滤波器,滤波器的主旁瓣抑制比可提高到33.6dB,Q值可达到499,提高了滤波器的频率选择性.     

Infrared cylindrical cloak in nanosphere dispersed liquid crystal metamaterial

We present a design of an infrared cylindrical cloak using nanosphere dispersed nematic liquid crystal (NLC) metamaterial following the approach of Smith's group [Science 314, 977 (2006)]. Cloaking conditions require spatial distribution of liquid crystal birefringence with constant extraordinary index of refraction and radially dependent ordinary index of refraction. An approximate analytical formula for the latter is derived. Finite element (FE) simulations confirm the cloaking effect. Owing to the tunable birefringence of the liquid crystal component, such cloaking material offers the interesting possibilities of real-time control of invisibility. The possibility of experimental realization is briefly discussed.     

双折射位相差的拟合表达式及其应用

探讨双折射晶体的ｏ光和ｅ光的位相差的表达式，对文献中常引用的表达式作近似展开，得到一个适用性的拟合表达式及其拟合系数与昌体或液晶双折射率之间的关系，并给出该表达式的简单应用。它可作为设计晶体旋转法测试液晶双折射和预角测试仪的原理。     

液晶电控双折射率与电压关系的研究

对向列相液晶BL-009作了电控双折射特性的研究。实验上采用简单、精确的偏光干涉法，利用岛津UV-3101PC型分光光度计，在入射光波长为630nm时，测出了液晶的透射率随交流电压的有效值和频率的变化曲线，从而得到液晶电控双折射率随电压的有效值和频率变化曲线。分析实验数据，可知液晶的电控双折射率随电压有效值的升高成一阶指数下降，而且，随电压频率的升高，在一定的范围内基本成线性下降。此实验结果对液晶器件的设计、制作、使用都具有一定的参考价值。     

Light propagation in highly birefringent photonic liquid crystal fibers

Photonic liquid crystal fibers have already been demonstrated as a promising perspective for creation of new classes of dynamically tunable optical fiber devices. By combining different geometries of photonic crystal fibers with a variety of different liquid crystals it is possible to obtain a new generation of fibers with dynamically tunable properties, e.g., transmission spectra, attenuation or dispersion. In this paper, tunable birefringence in a commercially available highly birefringent Blazephotonics PM-1550-01 photonic crystal fiber selectively filled with a low birefringence liquid crystal has been experimentally demonstrated. Theses experimental results have been compared with simulations based on the multipole method.     

Tunable highly birefringent solid-core photonic liquid crystal fibers

Experimental results of temperature-, electric field-, and hydrostatic-pressure-induced effects in solid-core highly birefringent photonic liquid crystal fibers are presented. Selective infiltration of the photonic crystal fibers with liquid crystals was found to induce birefringence axes switching resulting in a variety of tunable photonic liquid crystal fibers-based devices.