一维反铁磁分子晶体NENP中的孤立子激发

考虑到磁－声子耦合作用和磁子间的相互作用对非线性集体激发的贡献，我们采用Ｄｙｓｏｎ－Ｍａｌｅｅｖ变换和相干态表示，从一维反铁磁分子晶体ＮＥＮＰ的哈密顿得到了一个非线性Ｋｌｅｉｎ－Ｇｏｒｄｏｎ方程，研究了它的孤立子激发的性质，并求出了孤立子的能量。通过分析发现，只有在具有很强的各向异性反铁磁体中，才有可能观察到孤立子的激发。     

Nature of spin excitations in two-dimensional mott insulators: undoped cuprates and other materials

We investigate the excitation spectrum of a two-dimensional resonating valence bond (RVB) state. Treating the pi-flux phase with antiferromagnetic correlations as a variational ground state, we recover the long wavelength magnon as an "RVB exciton." However, this excitation does not exhaust the entire spectral weight and the high-energy spectrum is dominated by fermionic excitations. The latter can be observed directly by inelastic neutron scattering, and we predict their characteristic energy scales along different high symmetry directions in the magnetic Brillouin zone. We also interpret experimental results on two magnon Raman scattering and midinfrared absorption within this scenario.     

Magnon squeezing in an antiferromagnet: reducing the spin noise below the standard quantum limit

We report the first experimental demonstration of quantum squeezing of a collective spin-wave excitation (magnon) using femtosecond optical pulses to generate correlations involving pairs of spins in an antiferromagnetic insulator MnF2. In the squeezed state, the fluctuations of the magnetization of a crystallographic unit cell vary periodically in time and are reduced below that of the ground-state quantum noise.     

Resonant two magnon Raman scattering in α-Fe2O3

Strong resonant enhancement of two-magnon Raman scattering was observed in antiferromagnetic α-Fe₂O₃ for laser frequencies near the intrinsic absorption edge. One magnon scattering, although allowed by symmetry, was not observed. The laser frequency dependence of the resonance enhancement could be well presented by the square of the magnitude of the first derivative of the electric susceptibility. Based on these facts, we conclude that the scattering arises from an exchange mechanism in the excited state.     

Effect of optical phonon‐magnon interaction on the magnon softening at finite temperature

A magnon‐phonon interaction model is set up in a two‐dimensional ferromagnetic compound square‐lattice system. Using the Matsubara Green function theory we calculated the magnon dispersion curves on the main symmetric line in Brillouin zone, compared the influences of the magnetic ion optical phonon with non‐magnetic ion optical phonon on the magnetic excitation of the system and discussed the influences of various parameters on the magnon softening. The lower Debye temperature of ferromagnetic materials is, the more likely the magnon softening occurs. It turned out that the optical phonon‐magnon coupling plays an important role on the magnon softening, the longitudinal optical phonon contributes the most to the magnon softening and magnon damping. It is also found that the contribution of the non‐magnetic ion to the magnon softening and magnon damping is more significant than that of magnetic ion when the mass of the magnetic ion is less than that of the non‐magnetic ion, or the mass of magnetic ion and the non‐magnetic ion are equal.     

A remark on an anomaly of the spin-wave spectrum in spiral spin structures

It is shown that magnetic dipolar interaction gives rise to a discontinuity in the magnon dispersion relation for antiferromagnetic spiral spin structures. Some numerical results for the magnon energy in dysprosium are presented.     

Magnon bands in twisted bilayer honeycomb quantum magnets

We study the magnon bands of twisted bilayer honeycomb quantum magnets using linear spin wave theory. Although the interlayer coupling can be ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic, we keep the intralayer one ferromagnetic to avoid possible frustration. For the interlayer ferromagnetic case, we find the magnon bands have similar features with the corresponding electronic energy spectrums. Although the linear dispersions near the Dirac points are preserved in the magnon bands of twisted bilayer magnets, their slopes are reduced with the decrease of the twist angles. On the other hand, the interlayer antiferromagnetic couplings generate quite different magnon spectra. The two single-layered magnon spectra are usually decoupled due to the opposite orientations of the spins in the two layers. We also develop a low-energy continuous theory for very small twist angles, which has been verified to fit well with the exact tight-binding calculations. Our results may be experimentally observed due to the rapid progress in two-dimensional magnetic materials.     

Spin wave amplification by a radiation field in free-carrier magnetic semiconductors

The rate of change in the magnon population due to scattering by free carriers in the presence of a laser field is calculated. It is found that spin waves propagating parallel to the direction of propagation of the radiation field may be amplified over a relatively narrow band of q values.     

The phenomenon of even bulk modes variance in a ferromagnetic A--A bilayer system

The eigenproblems of spin waves in a symmetrical ferromagnetic bilayered system with periodic boundary conditions are solved using the interface-rescaling approach (IRA). The results show that interface coupling between two sublayers would not change the excitation energy of odd bulk modes, but change excitation energy of even bulk modes. We call this peculiar phenomenon the phenomenon of even bulk mode variance (PEBMV). There are two kinds of mechanisms which cause PEBMV: phase reversal and phase translation of the magnon at the interface, corresponding, respectively, to the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interface coupling cases. PEBMV embodies the selective effect of the interface on different bulk magnons.     

Extension Theory for Magnon of a Ferromagnetic Superlattice

We prove that the extension theory for lattice Green's functions can be used to study Heisenberg ferromagnetic systems. As an example, the magnon spectrum of a ferromagnetic superlat tice is calculated by the extension theory for lattice Green's functions cooperated with the transfer matrix technique. The spectrum of magnetic excitation near the surface of a ferromagnetic superlattice is also presented.     

光频支声子对二维Heisenberg铁磁系统磁激发的影响

在二维复式正方Heisenberg铁磁系统的基础上建立了磁振子-声子相互作用模型. 利用松原格林函数理论研究了系统的磁激发，计算了布里渊区的主要对称点线上的磁振子色散曲线，比较了光频支声子与声频支声子对系统磁激发的影响以及各项参数的变化对磁振子软化的影响. 发现光频支声子-磁振子耦合对磁振子软化起主要作用，尤其是纵向光频支声子对磁振子软化起更大的作用，并且非磁性离子的光频支声子对磁振子软化的作用比磁性离子的光频支声子对磁振子软化的作用更显著.     

反铁磁体KCuF_3中的孤立子能量

考虑磁 -声子耦合作用和磁子间相互作用 ,采用双子格模型和相干态表示 ,研究了自旋S =1/2反铁磁体KCuF3 的非线性集体激发特性 ,求出了孤立子的能量和质量 ,并比较了磁性孤立子和局域性磁子激发能量。结果表明在一维反铁磁体KCuF3 中发现孤立子激发是可能。     

Green’s function approach to the low temperature properties of Cs<Subscript>2</Subscript>CuCl<Subscript>4</Subscript>: anisotropy effects

We have studied the effect of both axial and transverse anisotropy on the critical field and thermodynamic properties of the field induced three dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the frustrated hexagonal lattice for Cs₂CuCl₄ compound. The spin model is mapped to a bosonic one with the hard core repulsion constraint and the Green’s function approach has been implemented to get the low energy spectrum and the corresponding thermodynamic properties. To find the critical field (B _c ) we have looked for the Bose-Einstein condensation of quasi-particles (magnons) which takes place when the magnon spectrum vanishes at the ordering spiral wave vector. We have also obtained the dispersion of magnon spectrum in the critical magnetic field for each anisotropy parameter to find the spiral wave vector where the spectrum gets its minimum. The magnon energies show a linear dispersion relation close to the quantum critical point. The effect of hard core boson interaction on the single particle excitation energies leads to a temperature dependence of the magnon spectrum versus magnetic field. We have also studied the behavior of specific heat and static structure factor versus temperature and magnetic field.     

Temperature-dependent light scattering from magnetic excitons in TlCoF3

Raman spectra of antiferromagnetic thallium cobaltous fluoride have been obtained with 4579A argon ion laser excitation at temperatures from 4°K to T_N = 94 ± 2°K. The features observed consist of six Co²⁺ excitons ranging in energy from 325 to 1070 cm^-1, at two-magnon peak with low-temperature energy of 315 cm^-1, and a one-magnon feature whose 4°K energy is 37 cm^-1. The energy and linewidth of the one-magnon scattering has been measured from 4°K to about 0.8 T_N; it is found that the magnon becomes critically damped at about 0.8 T_N, in good agreement with our previous observations on RbCoF₃. The Co²⁺ excitons observed at 325, 380, 410, 730 (weak), 960, and 1070 cm^-1 agree in energy quite well with the KCoF₃ levels calculated by Buyers, Holden et al. as 340, 400, 467, 767, 967 and 1050 cm^-1.     

Free-carrier multiphoton laser absorption in magnetic semiconductors

The magnon scattering by free carriers in the presence of an intense laser field is discussed. A kinetic equation for electrons is derived from which the multiphonon absorption coefficient is calculated. It is found that for very large fields the absorption coefficient is vanishing small. A physical explanation of this result is also available.     

Magnetic states of an isotropic magnet with the “large” ion spin <Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis> = 3/2

The magnetic state of a system of particles with a “large” spin of 3/2 in the presence of isotropic exchange interaction in the system has been studied on the basis of a derived spin Hamiltonian. It has been shown that, at a positive contribution of the exchange interaction, an unstable nematic state appears and transforms to a stable ferromagnetic state (with an average spin of 3/2). The excitation spectrum in the ferromagnetic state is a triply degenerate Goldstone-type gapless magnon mode. At a negative sign of the exchange contribution, an antinematic state is stable with respect to a transition to a ferromagnetic state, which is forbidden. In this case, the antinematic always occurs in the state of a phase transition to an unstable antiferromagnetic state, the excitation spectrum of which is characterized by a single nondegenerate Goldstone mode.     

Coherent Exchange Cluster calculations for antiferromagnetic disordered systems

The Coherent Exchange Cluster Approach developed in three preceding papers is applied to three-dimensional disordered antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin systems with Perovskite structure, e.g. to KNi _x Mn_1–x F₃ and KNi _x Zn_1–x F₃. Both the level density of spin wave excitations, and the differential cross sections for inelastic neutron scattering are calculated. The results are compared with recent experiments, and also with results of simpler theories.It is found that the characteristic features of the excitation spectrum can be quite different even for binary alloys, i.e. besides the cases with one or two broadened magnon branches there might also exist systems with a more complicated spectrum.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. W. Döring on the occasion of his 65th birthday.     

Amplification of non-Cerenkovian magnons by electrons in a laser radiation field

The rate of change of the magnon population due to scattering by conduction electrons in the presence of an electromagnetic wave is calculated. It is found that non-Cerenkovian high-frequency magnons may be amplified over a very narrow band of magnon wavenumbers.     

Low-temperature heat transport of spin-gapped quantum magnets

This article reviews low-temperature heat transport studies of spin-gapped quantum magnets in the last few decades. Quantum magnets with small spins and low dimensionality exhibit a variety of novel phenomena. Among them, some systems are characteristic of having quantum-mechanism spin gap in their magnetic excitation spectra, including spin-Peierls systems, S=1 Haldane chains, S= 1/2 spin ladders, and spin dimmers. In some particular spin-gapped systems, the XY-type antiferromagnetic state induced by magnetic field that closes the spin gap can be described as a magnon Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). Heat transport is effective in probing the magnetic excitations and magnetic phase transitions, and has been extensively studied for the spin-gapped systems. A large and ballistic spin thermal conductivity was observed in the two-leg Heisenberg S=1/2 ladder compounds. The characteristic of magnetic thermal transport of the Haldane chain systems is quite controversial on both the theoretical and experimental results. For the spin-Peierls system, the spin excitations can also act as heat carriers. In spin-dimer compounds, the magnetic excitations mainly play a role of scattering phonons. The magnetic excitations in the magnon BEC systems displayed dual roles, carrying heat or scattering phonons, in different materials.