公路超速检测激光测速仪研究（英文）

为了减少公路违章超速现象的发生,使交通安全监测体制更完善,设计并研制了一种可远距离工作的便携式激光多普勒测速系统.阐述了激光多普勒测速的基本原理和光束变换的实现方法,并利用双透镜类望远系统的结构搭建了用于公路超速检测的激光测速仪.理论分析与路边测试试验表明:该激光多普勒测速系统具有长工作距离和大景深的特点,并且可以较高精度获得车辆的行进速度.相比于传统激光测速仪,便携式激光多普勒测速系统提升了中心工作距离并增大了景深.新激光测速仪的中心工作距离为10m,景深为±1m,测速精度可以达到0.1%.     

一种新型内弹道速度诊断技术

本文首次提出一种新型内弹道速度诊断技术──半导体激光微波多普勒测速技术。在理论分析的基础上,设计并组装了半导体激光微波多普勒测速计实验样机,对测速装置的实验研究表明,这种新颖技术完全可以用来诊断内弹道速度。     

全光纤激光多普勒测速技术的研究

介绍一种全部采用普通单模光导纤维作为光路的激光多普勒测速系统.在该系统中采用普通单模光纤声光频率偏移装置实现被测流场速度方向的判别;以单模光纤偏振控制器控制光纤中激光偏振态,与常规激光多普勒测速系统相比,该系统结构简单,体积小、调整方便,而且测速探头具有极好的移动灵活性.     

基于PASCO数据采集装置的激光测速实验探究

探究了基于光多普勒效应和PASCO数据采集装置的激光测速实验,分别获取了液体流速和固体(光纤探针)运动速度的多普勒信号,利用多普勒信号可以测定它们的速度,并用“双光纤测速法”对比说明了测固体运动速度的精度.     

Janus配置的激光多普勒测速仪的陆用组合导航（英文）

为了抑制车辆颠簸、倾角变化对传统激光多普勒测速仪的影响,设计了基于Janus配置的分光再利用结构激光多普勒测速仪,该测速仪由两个激光多普勒测速仪子系统镜像安装而成,可补偿倾角变化对速度测量的影响,因此对倾角变化不敏感.车载实验结果表明该测速仪的测速相对误差为0.3%,在55.6km的行程中组合导航的最大位置误差为5.8m.该结构激光多普勒测速仪能够抑制车辆颠簸、倾角变化对速度测量的影响,提高组合导航定位精度,更适合陆用组合导航.     

激光多普勒测速精度分析

激光多普勒测速（ＬａｓｅｒＤｏｐｐｌｅｒＶｅｌｏｃｉｍｅｔｒｙ）以其高精度、使用方便而在速度测试领域得到广泛的应用。人们也因此而忽视了对影响其测试精度的因素进行系统的分析。为此,本文主要对影响激光多普勒测速精度的因素作了具体分析。主要分析了有限渡越时间、测控体中的示踪粒子、光电探测器、激光束定位等因素,并提出了在具体实验时的注意事项。     

激光多普勒自主测速仪天线安装误差对测速精度的影响

为了减小激光多普勒自主测速仪天线安装误差引起的测速误差,以多普勒频移原理为基础,通过旋转矩阵的复合变换推导出测速误差与安装误差间的函数关系,分析了三个安装误差角对三维测速精度的影响,并对旋转矩阵采用Bursa模型线性化后在整体最小二乘准则下给出安装误差角的最优估计,从而实现测速误差的补偿。仿真结果表明:测速误差随速度的增大而增大,影响纵向、横向测速精度的主要因素是偏航角,影响垂向测速精度的主要因素是纵倾角,补偿后三维测速误差显著减小。     

激光多普勒超低速测量

报道激光多普勒超低速测量系统及实验结果，其光学系统为四光路双焦点外差多普勒测速系统，信号处理系统为动态模拟相位计，可测速度范围为１ｎｍ／ｓ到３００ｍｍ／ｓ。     

光子多普勒速度测量系统的数据处理方法

光子多普勒速度测量（Photonic Doppler Velocimetry,PDV）系统是一种新型的激光测速系统,可广泛用于冲击波、爆轰波以及其他短时高速运动的测量。数据处理是PDV测速技术重要的组成部分,旨在从含有大量噪声的测量数据中获得靶面等运动体的速度信息。在分析PDV系统测速原理的基础上,讨论了激光冲击强化实验PDV数据中噪声的来源和特点,解释了条纹法的去噪原理,并针对小波变换的去噪问题,提出了一些新的处理方法。分别采用条纹法,短时傅里叶变换和小波变换法对激光冲击强化实验中的PDV数据进行了处理,从误差、处理的实时性和通用性等角度对三种方法进行了比较,并说明了小波变换法特别适合激光冲击强化实验PDV测速数据的处理。     

颠簸摇摆引起的车辆测速误差分析

分析了车辆颠簸摇摆时单光束测速系统的测量误差,提出了一种基于Janus配置的激光测速系统。该系统由两个单光束系统组成,安装于车辆底部,分别向车头和车尾方向以相同的倾角发射同频激光束,测量各自散射回波的多普勒频移,根据两多普勒频移和发射倾角得到摇摆角的值,进而求得车辆运行速度。理论分析和仿真结果表明:单光束系统的测速精度受光束的发射倾角、车辆摇摆角以及车辆垂直方向的速度影响较大;Janus系统对车辆的颠簸摇摆不敏感,可得到较高的测速精度,颠簸起伏速度为0.3m/s,当摇摆角为16°时,误差小于0.5%。     

1.06 μm相干激光雷达动目标多普勒信号探测

介绍了一套1.06 μm脉冲式相干激光雷达测速演示系统.采用单块非平面环形激光器作为种子,注入到单纵模运转的Q开关高重复频率Nd∶YAG激光器为发射源,实现稳定的单频输出.通过外差式相干探测的方法,利用转速0~60 Hz可调、直径为10 cm的转盘为运动目标,回波信号被带宽为3.5 GHz的高速光电探测器响应后,经采样率为2.5 GS/s的A/D采样,输送到基于LabVIEW信号处理系统中,从而测量不同转速下的多普勒频移,各测速点的多普勒频移测量结果相对误差在3%以内.针对测量中存在的误差从激光器输出线宽和测速系统准确度两方面进行了误差分析,并提出了改进措施.演示系统的良好重复性证实了这种相干激光雷达系统的可行性.     

Measurement of the velocity inside an all-fiber DBR laser by self-mixing technique

The self-mixing interference for optical velocity sensing is experimentally investigated in an all-fiber configuration distributed Bragg reflector laser. Simultaneously, theory model of self-mixing interference laser Doppler velocimeter based on quasi-analytical method. The experimental results show Doppler shift frequency is linearly proportional to the value of the velocity which agrees well with theory analysis. The results preserve an enough signal-to-noise ratio around 40 dB in the range from 39.3–317.0 mm/s (measurement range depending on bandwidth of circuit) for velocity measurement. Additionally, the cutoff circuit is used in our system to get a stable Doppler signal and reduces the error rate to 0.136 % in practical measurement.     

Dual-polarization fiber grating laser-based laser Doppler velocimeter

A dual-frequency laser Doppler velocimeter implemented by a dual-polarization fiber grating laser is proposed,with the two laser frequencies produced by the two orthogonally polarized laser outputs of the fiber grating laser.The reflected laser outputs from a moving target experience the Doppler frequency shift,which is shown to be linearly related to the velocity and the beat note frequency difference between the laser outputs and the reflected light. With a digital frequency demodulation scheme,a high sensitivity of 0.64 MHz/(m/s) and a velocity resolution of less than 0.5% of the velocity for velocity measurement are demonstrated,which shows that the proposed laser Doppler velocimeter is capable of measurement of wide range of velocity.     

激光多普勒测速实验系统的信号处理

本文详细报导了运用集成锁相环路在激光多普勒测速实验教学系统中实现多普勒信号频率跟踪处理的设计原理和具体实施方案。该处理方法将集成度较高的 L M5 6 5锁相环应用于系统 ,使系统具有电路简单、可靠、可实时测量和结果直观、易操作等特点     

Research on laser Doppler velocimeter for vehicle self-contained inertial navigation system

An idea of using laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) to measure the velocity for the vehicle inertial navigation system was put forward. The principle of measuring its own velocity with laser Doppler technique was elaborated and reference-beam LDV was designed. Then Doppler signal was processed by tracking filter, frequency spectrum refinement and frequency spectrum correction algorithm. The result of theory and experiment showed that the reference-beam LDV solved the problem that dual-beam LDV cannot be used for measuring when the system was out of focus. Doppler signal was tracked so that signal-to-noise ratio was improved, and the accuracy of the system was enhanced by the technology of frequency spectrum refinement and correction. The measurement mean error was less than 1.5% in velocity range of 0-30 m/s.     

基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术的高速气流流速测量方法研究

以激光Doppler效应为原理,结合可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术的窄线宽、可调谐优势, 可实现高速气流流速的实时在线检测.介绍了流速测量的基本原理和方法,搭建了双光路流速测量系统, 利用DFB激光器对位于1398 nm处的水汽吸收线进行10 kHz快速扫描,获得高速气流的实时光谱信息, 并根据两路吸光度曲线之间的Doppler频移来反演气流流速.介绍了频率标定和Doppler频移测量的方法. 在风洞上进行了流速测量验证性实验,将流速测量结果与理论计算结果进行了对比,二者之间符合得较好, 初步证明了该方法的可行性.分析了系统的性能及可能引起流速测量误差的因素,以便系统进一步优化.     

Simultaneous measurements of multiple flow velocity components using frequency modulated lasers and a single molecular absorption cell

Since unsteady, complex flow phenomena play an important role, optical measurements techniques are required for flow investigations, which provide simultaneous measurements of multiple velocity components. Doppler global velocimetry has this potential. It is a flow measurement technique, where the Doppler shift of scattered light is measured by a molecular absorption cell for frequency-to-intensity conversion. However, novel Doppler global velocimeters with laser frequency modulation were only used for single component measurements yet. In order to enhance such a system for the simultaneous measurement of multiple components, a concept based on frequency division multiplexing is introduced for the first time. Besides multiple lasers, only a single molecular absorption cell and a single detector unit is required. Two-component measurements of velocity profiles from nozzle flows are presented as a proof of principle. The designed measurement system provides high measurement rates of up to 20 kHz, which is three orders of magnitude higher than for typical Doppler global velocimetry setups.     

An orthogonal-beam Doppler velocity measurement system based on a single laser diode

Optical Review - A novel method for analyzing a rotating target by an orthogonal-beam Doppler velocity measurement system on the basis of a single laser diode is presented. Using the method of fast...     

Accuracy Analysis of the Fabry–Perot Etalon Based Doppler Wind Lidar

A direct detection Doppler wind lidar with the dual Fabry–Perot technique has been built in Hefei, China, and the system is described in this paper. A dual, air-spaced Fabry–Perot etalon is designed as the frequency discriminator and the transmission characteristics are measured with a stabilized cw laser and a pulse laser. The experimental data are found to be in agreement with the designed parameters. The Doppler shift is measured by taking the ratio of the transmitted intensities from the dual etalon. Analysis of the accuracy of Doppler measurement is made by considering the factors of the number of iterations in converting the measured ratio to the Doppler shift, the laser intensity fluctuation and the signal-to-noise ratio. In the sufficient signal-to-noise ratio the velocity accuracy of the Doppler lidar system is estimated to be better than 0.5 m/s.     

固体相干成像激光雷达实验

采用单块非平面环形激光器的本地振荡器、种子注入高重复频率Q开关Nd∶YAG激光器的功率振荡器、振镜扫描偏转和光学接收装置、控制和显示等部件构成固体相干成像激光雷达实验装置.利用该装置对目标进行了距离成像和速度测量实验.在图像分辨力为64×64时,获得了成像速度为8 fps的目标距离图像.速度测量平均误差为6%.