中低速C3+与He,Ne,Ar原子相互作用过程中单电子转移绝对截面的测量

实验测量了1.7v0-4.2v0(v0为玻尔速度,v0=2.19×108 cm/s)的C3+与He,Ne,Ar原子碰撞过程中单电子转移绝对截面.将实验结果与多体经典轨道蒙特卡罗模拟计算结果做了比较,发现测量结果与多体经典轨道蒙特卡罗模拟计算结果在趋势上相符.当入射离子速度在1.7v0-2.0v0时,因多体经典轨道蒙特卡罗方法计算时不能考虑多电子关联态俘获和极化效应的影响,实验值大于计算值.当入射离子速度在2.2v0-4.2v0时,由于被俘获电子对入射离子的不完全屏蔽,加上电子间的动态关联及有效电荷的影响,实验结果先与多体经典轨道蒙特卡罗计算结果符合很好,而后逐渐大于计算值.此外,还根据转移电离与单电子俘获的截面比简单分析了转移电离机制.     

O3+与氦原子碰撞过程的CTMC计算

应用经典径迹蒙特卡罗方法研究了O3+离子与氦原子碰撞的各种反应过程.基于使用多个系统总能量U值,对初始电子的微正则分布进行了优化,使其更接近于量子力学的径向空间分布.作为检验,首先在独立电子模型近似下计算了He2+与氦原子碰撞的各种反应过程,通过与实验的比较,发现对氦原子靶,优化极大地提高了计算精度.计算了O3+与氦原子随入射离子能量变化的各种反应过程截面,特别是单电子丢失、双电子丢失的总截面,以及转移电离截面与单俘获截面的比值,并与实验进行了比较,发现单双电子丢失截面与实验符合得很好,但在大于200 keV/u的能区,转移电离截面与单俘获截面的比值与实验有较大的差距,这表明独立电子模型需要进一步改进.     

He2+离子与H原子的重粒子碰撞电离过程

利用初态程函近似的连续扭曲波方法研究了He²⁺离子与Ｈ原子的碰撞电离过程. 计 算得到了入射离子能量从30keV/u到2000keV/u的碰撞电离总截面、随电离电子能量和角度变 化的一阶和二阶微分散射截面，及随入射离子能量变化的电离电子平均能量.计算的总电离 截面与其他理论和实验结果进行了比较，在入射离子能量大于100keV／u的能区，计算结果 与实验符合得很好；在较低的能区，各种理论结果之间有较大差别，计算结果比实验约小50 ％.利用计算的二阶微分散射截面讨论了软碰撞、电子俘获到入射离子连续态、两体相遇碰 撞等碰撞电离机理. 关键词： 重粒子碰撞电离 初态程函近似 总截面 一阶和二阶微分散射截面     

双电荷离子He2+与Ne,Ar原子碰撞中的激发态

实验用光学多道分析系统(OMA)测量了He²⁺和Ne,Ar碰撞过程中的发射光谱,结果表明,这些碰撞体系存在着三种激发过程:双电子俘获激发过程、单电子俘获激发过程和直接激发过程。给出了HeI,HeII,NeI,NeII和ArI,ArII谱线的发射截面,并对He²⁺+Ne和He²⁺+Ar两个碰撞体系的发射截面作了一些比较,发现在入射离子速度相同的情况下,后者的发射截面要比前者大得多,并对此进行了定性讨论。OMA的光谱波长范围为200—800nm。入射离子He²⁺的能量范围为140—340keV。 关键词：     

低能He2+-He碰撞体系转移电离机理的实验研究

利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪,对低能He²⁺-He碰撞反应中产生的反冲靶离子和炮弹离子进行了符合测量,根据反冲靶离子的动量,研究了转移电离过程中的电荷转移机理.实验结果表明：在20—40 keV能量范围内,靶原子上的一个电子俘获到炮弹离子的基态,另一个电子直接发射到靶的连续态的直接电离及另一个电子俘获到炮弹离子的连续态的过程(ECC)是最主要的转移电离机理,且ECC过程主要发生在大碰撞参数条件下;炮弹离子俘获两个电子处在双激发态的自电离过程的贡献很小. 关键词： 冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪 转移电离机理 离子原子碰撞     

O3+与氦原子碰撞过程的CTMC计算

应用经典径迹蒙特卡罗方法研究了O³⁺离子与氦原子碰撞的各种反应过程.基于使用多个系统总能量U值，对初始电子的微正则分布进行了优化，使其更接近于量子力学的径向空间分布.作为检验，首先在独立电子模型近似下计算了He²⁺与氦原子碰撞的各种反应过程，通过与实验的比较，发现对氦原子靶，优化极大地提高了计算精度.计算了O³⁺与氦原子随入射离子能量变化的各种反应过程截面，特别是单电子丢失、双电子丢失的总截面，以及转移电离截面与单俘获截面的比值，并与实验进行了比较，发现单双电子丢失截面与实验符合得很好，但在大于200 keV/u的能区，转移电离截面与单俘获截面的比值与实验有较大的差距，这表明独立电子模型需要进一步改进.     

低能He2+-He反应中单电子俘获微分散射过程的实验研究

利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪装置系统研究了20-40 keV He2+-He碰撞体系的态选择单电子俘获过程,实验获得了单电子俘获过程的态选择截面以及角微分截面.在所研究的能区范围,电子俘获到L壳层的截面最大,为主要的反应道,这与分子库仑过垒模型的反应窗理论的预测一致.实验测量的态选择截面与原子轨道紧耦合的计算结果很好地符合,与光谱方法的测量结果存在一定的差别,主要原因是光谱方法不能测量完整的反应通道信息.实验结果表明,总角微分截面在小角度范围主要来源于电子俘获到基态的贡献,在大角度范围主要来自电子俘获到激发态的贡献;电子俘获到基态的和激发态的角微分截面均出现振荡结构,这种振荡来源于电子俘获反应中分子轨道之间的相干效应.实验测量的角微分截面与其他实验和紧耦合方法的计算结果进行了比较和分析.     

低能He2+-He反应中单电子俘获微分散射过程的实验研究

利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪装置系统研究了20—40 keV He²⁺-He碰撞体系的态选择单电子俘获过程,实验获得了单电子俘获过程的态选择截面以及角微分截面.在所研究的能区范围,电子俘获到L壳层的截面最大,为主要的反应道,这与分子库仑过垒模型的反应窗理论的预测一致.实验测量的态选择截面与原子轨道紧耦合的计算结果很好地符合,与光谱方法的测量结果存在一定的差别,主要原因是光谱方法不能测量完整的反应通道信息.实验结果表明,总角微分截面在小角度范围主要来源于电子俘获到基态的贡献,在大角度范围主要来自电子俘获到激发态的贡献;电子俘获到基态的和激发态的角微分截面均出现振荡结构,这种振荡来源于电子俘获反应中分子轨道之间的相干效应.实验测量的角微分截面与其他实验和紧耦合方法的计算结果进行了比较和分析. 关键词： 冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪 态选择电子俘获 态选择截面 角微分截面     

双电荷离子He~(2+)与Ne,Ar原子碰撞中的激发态

实验用光学多道分析系统(OMA)测量了He~(2+)和Ne,Ar碰撞过程中的发射光谱,结果表明,这些碰撞体系存在着三种激发过程:双电子俘获激发过程、单电子俘获激发过程和直接激发过程。给出了HeI,HeII,NeI,NeII和ArI,ArII谱线的发射截面,并对He~(2+)+Ne和He~(2+)+Ar两个碰撞体系的发射截面作了一些比较,发现在入射离子速度相同的情况下,后者的发射截面要比前者大得多,并对此进行了定性讨论。OMA的光谱波长范围为200—800nm。入射离子He~(2+)的能量范围为140—340keV。     

He~+离子和Ar原子碰撞过程中激发态的研究

在He~+离子和Ar原子碰撞过程中,同样存在着电子俘获激发和直接激发两种过程。本文把实验结果同He~+离子和Ne原子碰撞体系进行了比较,发现:在入射离子速度较小时,实验所得到的Hel三重态发射截面要大得多;当入射离子He~+的速度大于一个原子单位(2.2×10~8cm/s)时,情况则相反。因此,在俘获电子过程中,势能亏损同He~+离子的入射速度是两个非常重要的因素,而且它们之间存在一个竞争过程。入射离子He~+的能量范围为70—150keV。     

Single and double ionization of neon 2s- and 2p-subshells by proton and electron impact

Absolute single and double ionization cross sections of neon 2s- and 2p-subshells for proton (40–900 keV) and electron impact (0.2–10 keV) have been measured using photon spectroscopy in the spectral range of the vacuum ultraviolet. Cross sections for double ionization decrease more rapidly with increasing impact energy than cross sections for single ionization. No definite asymptotic energy dependence of a Bethe-Fano-plot could be found for double ionization in contrast to single ionization. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions of the shake-off model and Gryzinski's classical binary encounter theory. Better agreement is found with the latter, indicating that successive binary collisions have to be considered as a strong mechanism for double ionization by protons or electrons of the investigated energy range. Comparison is made with other experimental results for double ionization by photon impact or capture ionization by proton impact.     

Dissociative ionization of the H2O molecule bombarded by swift singly charged and slow highly charged ions

Fragment ion energy spectra of the water molecule have been measured in conventional crossed-beam experiments by the impact of 46 keV/u energy, singly charged ions (SCIs) and 4.3 keV/u energy, highly charged ions (HCIs). Double differential cross sections have been determined and a comparative analysis has been performed. We found that the fragmentation spectra for SCIs and HCIs are very similar, indicating that both collisions lead to the same fragmentation channels. This suggests that the Coulomb explosion of the water molecule is dominantly determined by the charge state of the transient molecular ions, and it is almost independent from the primary ionization mechanism. Differences were observed not only between the SCI and HCI impact-induced fragmentation cross sections, but between those obtained by the 60 keV N⁶⁺ and 70 keV O⁷⁺ projectiles. The differences were attributed to the selectivity of the electron capture process for HCIs. Multiple target ionization cross sections have been deduced from the fragment ion spectra. We found contributions of up to fivefold ionization for SCIs and up to sixfold ionization for HCIs.     

Double-hump resonance structure of the cross sections for electron impact ionization of Ar5+

Configuration-average distorted-wave calculations are carried out for electron-impact ionization of Ar5+. Both direct ionization and the indirect excitation autoionization processes are included in our calculations. Our theoretical values are in quite reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The indirect processes contribute up to 50% to the total ionization cross sections. The possible origin of double-hump resonance structure of the cross sections is demonstrated and the contributions of metastable states are also taken into account.     

Deep-core dielectronic-capture resonances in the electron-impact ionization of heavy atomic ions

Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations are carried out for the electron-impact ionization of Sm(12+). The low energy region of the single ionization cross section for Sm(12+) is found to be dominated by contributions from the indirect process of excitation autoionization. At about 1.0 keV strong resonance features are found in the experimental crossed-beam measurements performed in scan mode at high resolution. Theoretical calculations confirm that the high energy experimental features are due to deep-core dielectronic capture followed by sequential double Auger decay. The discovery of these unusual high energy resonances in single and multiple ionization opens the door for future systematic studies of how heavy atomic ions with deep inner-shell vacancies achieve final stabilization.     

H<Superscript>+</Superscript><Emphasis Type="Bold">and He</Emphasis><Superscript>2+</Superscript> impact single and double ionization of lead

H⁺ and He²⁺ impact single and double ionization cross sections of ground state lead atoms have been calculated in the binary encounter approximation. Calculations of direct double ionization cross sections have been performed in the modified double binary encounter model. The accurate expressions of σ_ΔE (cross-section for energy transfer ΔE) and Hartree-Fock velocity distributions for the target electrons have been used throughout the calculations. Contributions to double ionization from Auger effect following ionization of inner shells have been considered in the present work. Our H⁺ impact single and double ionization cross sections are in good agreement with the experimental observations. In calculations of He²⁺ impact cross sections, the present theoretical approach shows limited success in the experimentally investigated region (50–350 keV amu^-1).     

Cross sections for K-shell ionization of Si and Ar by 4 keV to 10 keV electron impact

K-Auger electron emission of Si and Ar produced by 4 keV to 10 keV electrons was measured. Absolute yields were obtained by normalizing to the elastically scattered primary electrons. From the yields cross sections for K-shell ionization were deduced. The cross sections are in good agreement with the results of a fit formula for K-shell excitation in the whole range measured, while they agree with results of PWBA calculations including electron exchange in the Ochkur approximation only for the higher impact energies.     

Double charge transfer cross sections in collision of protons with helium atom

Theoretical total cross sections for the double charge transfer in proton-helium collisions are analysed using the four-body boundary corrected continuum intermediate state approximation in the energy range of 30 to 500 keV. We have also obtained differential double capture cross sections as a functions of projectile scattering angle. The intermediate continuum state of each of the active electron has been taken into account in this formalism. Our calculated results are compared with the previous experimental and theoretical values. The agreement is very encouraging.     

Absolute charge transfer and fragmentation cross sections in He2+-C60 collisions

We have determined absolute charge transfer and fragmentation cross sections in He2++C60 collisions in the impact-energy range 0.1-250 keV by using a combined experimental and theoretical approach. We have found that the cross sections for the formation of He+ and He0 are comparable in magnitude, which cannot be explained by the sole contribution of pure single and double electron capture but also by contribution of transfer-ionization processes that are important even at low impact energies. The results show that multifragmentation is important only at impact energies larger than 40 keV; at lower energies, sequential C2 evaporation is the dominant process.     

H<Superscript>+</Superscript> and He<Superscript>2+</Superscript> impact charge transfer cross sections of magnesium

H⁺ impact single and He²⁺ impact single and double electron capture cross sections of magnesium atoms have been calculated in the modified binary encounter approximation (BEA). The accurate expressions of ion impact s_DE\sigma _{\Delta {E}} (cross section for energy transfer DE\Delta E) and Hartree-Fock momentum distributions of the target electrons have been used throughout the calculations. On the basis of the present work it is concluded that inner shell captures by H⁺ and He²⁺ ions incident on magnesium atoms contribute partly to single electron capture and partly to transfer ionization cross sections. The calculated He²⁺ impact double electron capture cross sections of magnesium are in reasonably good agreement with the experimental observations. This indicates the success of the present theoretical approach in study of charge transfer cross sections of atoms as indirect mechanisms do not interfere with double electron capture processes in this case.