共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 206 毫秒
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一种新的气液两相流体流量计-三通管型分流分相式两相流体流量计 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
利用三通管的相分离特性,从被测气液两相流体中分流分离出一部分单相气体,通过测量这部分单相气体的流量计算被测气液两相流体的流量或干度.文中给出了这种分流分相式气液两相流体流量计的组成原理,分流系数特性及实验结果. 相似文献
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《广西物理》2016,(Z1)
气体探测器是北京谱仪Ⅲ(BESⅢ)的重要组成部分,其性能直接影响BESⅢ的正常运行,而气体比分及其稳定性是影响气体探测器性能的关键参数。ETOF端盖升级为气体探测器后需要监测质量流配比混合气精度,本文设计了一套实验分析方法。北京谱仪原有两个气体探测器,加上北京谱仪端盖飞行时间探测器ETOF共三个气体探测器,本文设计了一套自动分析系统,将三个探测器实现实时切换自动分析。该系统从北京谱仪新型气体探测器多气隙电阻板室(Multi-gapResistive Plate Chamber,MRPC)、主漂移室(MDC)、缪子探测器前端混气缸通向BESⅢ中的混合气体中分别抽取少量混合气体,通过气相色谱仪GC7890A用气相色谱法对混合气体质量比分进行实时监测与分析。GC7890A通过长时间监测分析混合气体质量比分,和质量流量计设定质量流量比分相比,前后两者基本一致。表明质量流量计工作在正常状态,气体比分稳定,可以保证探测器实验运行正常。 相似文献
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A microcomputer-based ultrasonic gas flowmeter with transit-time method is presented. Modules of the flowmeter are designed systematically, including the acoustic path arrangement, ultrasound emission and reception module, transit-time measurement module, the software and so on. Four 200 kHz transducers forming two acoustic paths are used to send and receive ultrasound simultaneously. The synchronization of the transducers can eliminate the influence caused by the inherent switch time in simple chord flowmeter. The distribution of the acoustic paths on the mechanical apparatus follows the Tailored integration, which could reduce the inherent error by 2–3% compared with the Gaussian integration commonly used in the ultrasonic flowmeter now. This work also develops timing modules to determine the flight time of the acoustic signal. The timing mechanism is different from the traditional method. The timing circuit here adopts high capability chip TDC-GP2, with the typical resolution of 50 ps. The software of Labview is used to receive data from the circuit and calculate the gas flow value. Finally, the two paths flowmeter has been calibrated and validated on the test facilities for air flow in Shaanxi Institute of Measurement & Testing. 相似文献
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Ultrasonic gas flowmeters typically use narrowband piezoelectric transducer arrangements for interrogating the flow of gas in a pipe. In this work, the suitability of broadband electrostatic transducers operating at frequencies of up to 1 MHz for ultrasonic measurement of gas flow has been investigated. The transit time method of ultrasonic gas flow measurement was adopted and experiments were carried out using a laboratory test rig capable of producing a range of gas flowrates up to 17.5 m/s. The test rig also allowed easy interchange of different prototype flowmetering sections. Times of flight of ultrasonic waves interrogating the gas flow were measured using separate send/receive electrostatic transducer arrangements. Two flowmeter configurations were considered. The first interrogated the flow at 45 degrees in contra-propagating upstream and downstream directions. The second consisted of an up-stream interrogation at 45 degrees to the gas flow and an interrogation made normal to the flow direction. k factors correlating the fluid velocity along the ultrasonic path with the mean fluid velocity in the pipe were calculated using experimental ultrasonic data and anemometer measurements. All transducer configurations were numerically modelled using the computational fluid dynamics software package FLOTRAN (ANSYS Inc.). Theoretical gas flow velocities for both transducer arrangements were subsequently compared with experimental values and found to be in excellent agreement. A flow-dependent frequency shift of the received ultrasonic signals was also observed simultaneously with the transit time measurement. 相似文献
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燃油系统输油流量测试是飞机燃油系统地面模拟试验的一项重要内容;由于试验油箱内部的各管路与真实飞机油箱管路的布置是一致的,不适合在油箱内的狭小空间安装涡轮流量计,并且会破坏管路流阻特性;由于使用传统油箱油量标定的方法进行输油流量测量耗时耗力,所以需要采用一种新的技术或测量方法来完成油箱输油流量的测量;超声波流量计体积小,不会破坏输油管路流阻特性,防爆等级也符合试验要求;对超声波流量计在浸油状态下测试进行可行性分析,将超声波流量计在飞机燃油系统试验中实现创新性应用;通过试验证明了超声波流量计在飞机燃油流量测试中发挥了重要作用,并且首次将超声波流量计应用到飞机试验油箱内部输油管路的流量测试中,这对飞机其他系统的流量测试和飞机机上排故试验起到了重要作用。 相似文献
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为获取液体介质的声速值,设计了一种测定流体声速的实验方法,该方法利用时差式超声波流量计和标准流量校验设备同时对封闭管道中的液体进行流速测量,分别得到流速的测量值和真实值,从而计算出超声波流量计的仪表系数,并以此导出了一定条件下液体介质的声速值随仪表系数的变化关系式.利用该方法测量给出了0.17 MPa下四氧化二氮(N2O4)在7.6-19.4 ℃、偏二甲肼((CH3)2NNH2)在6.5-25.2 ℃范围内的流体声速值,并为其他液体介质的声速测量提供了借鉴.
关键词:
超声波流量计
声速
仪表系数
温度 相似文献
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Ultrasonic flowmeters are one of the fastest-growing technologies within the general field of instruments for process monitoring, measurement and control. Today, acoustic/ultrasonic flowmeters utilize clamp-on and wetted transducers, single and multiple paths, paths on and off the diameter, passive and active principles, contrapropagating transmission, reflection (Doppler), tag correlation, vortex shedding, liquid level sensing of open channel flow or flow in partially-full conduits, and other interactions. Ultrasonic flowmeters are applicable to liquids, gases, and multiphase mixtures, but not without limits. However, no single technology, nor one type of interaction within a technology, can be best for all fluids, occasions and situations. Users who select a particular type of ultrasonic flowmeter over one based on a competing (nonultrasonic) technology often do so for one (or more) of the following reasons: ultrasonic equipment provides a useful measurement whether the fluid is single-phase or not single-phase; equipment is easy to use; flow regime can be laminar, transitional or turbulent; transducers are totally external (no penetration of the pressure boundary); transducers, if not clamp-on, are minimally invasive; no excess pressure drop; when certain conditions are met, accuracy can be better than 0.5%; fast (ms) response; reliable despite temperature extremes; reasonable purchase price, installation, operating and maintenance costs. Sometimes mass flowrate is obtainable. Energy flowrate might be achieved for natural gas and biogas in the near future. How did ultrasonic flowmeters advance in the past fifty years to support such claims? This paper tries to answer this question by looking at ultrasonic flowmeter inventions and publications since 1955, to see how four key problems were solved. 相似文献
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Willatzen M 《Ultrasonics》2003,41(2):105-114
Ultrasonic flowmeter performance is addressed for the case of cylindrically shaped flowmeters employing two reciprocal ultrasonic transducers A and B so as to measure time-of-flight differences between signals transmitted from transducer A towards B followed by an equivalent signal transmitted from transducer B towards A. In the case where a liquid flows through the flowmeter's measuring section ("spoolpiece"), the arrival times of the two signals differ by an amount related to the flow passing between the two transducers. Firstly, a detailed study of flow measurement errors with mean flow in the laminar flow regime is carried out as a function of the mode index and the transducer diameter/cylinder diameter ratio in the case where no temperature gradients are present in the flowmeter sensor. It is shown that all modes except the fundamental mode overestimate the mean flow by a factor of 33.33% while excitation of the fundamental mode solely give error-free measurements. The immediate consequences are that the flowmeter error decreases as the transducer diameter/cylinder diameter ratio approaches 1 from 0 reflecting the fact that the excitation level of the fundamental mode increases from almost 0 to 1 as this ratio approaches 1 from 0. Secondly, the effect on flowmeter performance due to flow-induced temperature gradients is examined. It is shown that the presence of temperature gradients leads to flowmeter errors at the higher-flow values even in the case where the fundamental mode is the only mode excited. It is also deduced that flowmeter errors in general depend on the distance between transducers A and B whether temperature gradients exist or not. This conclusion is not reflected in the usual definition of flowmeter errors given by the so-called mode-dependent deviation of measurement introduced in earlier works. 相似文献
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J. Hemp 《Journal of sound and vibration》1982,84(1):133-147
A theory of transit time ultrasonic flowmeters for clean fluids is developed from the equations of fluid mechanics applied simultaneously to the fluid and the sound vibrations. These equations are linearized (weak sound) and use is made of the electroacoustic reciprocity theorem to give a relation between the voltages and currents at the transducer terminals and the fluid velocity. The technique of “reciprocal operation” of a transit time ultrasonic flowmeter is described and the way this technique eliminates zero drift is explained. The theory can be applied to meters with broad sound beams (which provide a better average over velocity profiles) or meters in which the wavelength of sound is not necessarily small compared with the duct diameter. Small modificaition of the sound field (due to flow) is assumed and the resulting phase (or amplitude) shift of the received signal is expressed as an integral throughout the fluid of the dot product of the fluid velocity and a weight vector defined in terms of the sound fields in the stationary fluid. Simple flowmeter designs which approach the ideal of complete immunity to velocity distribution are described. 相似文献