Calculation of Systematic Errors in Determining Light‐Scattering Matrix Elements

We consider systematic errors in determining lightscattering matrix elements by a device in which the polarization properties of probing radiation change depending on different angular positionings of the principal directions of the first phase plate, and we perform polarization analysis of scattered radiation using the Fourier expansion of the signal from a photodetector that records the intensity of radiation passed through the rotating second phase plate and a stationary analyzer. Formulas estimating the errors arising in separate deviation of the axes of the anisotropic optical elements in the illuminating and lightreceiving channels of the measuring device were derived. Using the method of mathematical simulation, we consider the combined influence of various inaccuracies in positioning anisotropic elements.     

基于无机元素的含量判别食醋的种类和品牌方法研究

化学计量学广泛应用于食品种类和原产地的区分。文章采用原子吸收法测定了32个食醋样品中的Mg, K, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ca和Cu等八种无机元素含量。采用向量相似法计算了陈醋和白醋以及同一种类不同品牌食醋的相似度;通过聚类分析和主成分分析对来自北京、江西、江苏和山西4个地区品牌的食醋进行了分类,对不同种类的食醋(陈醋和白醋)也进行了分类。聚类分析和主成分分析都将食醋样品分为两大类,每个大类又将食醋样品按不同品牌分开。食醋中无机元素含量差异可作为食醋种类和品牌判别的测量指标之一。     

Specific Fluorescence Properties and Picosecond Transient Absorption of 8-Azasteroids

The specific fluorescence properties as well as picosecond transient absorption features have been studied for two 8-azasteroids. It is shown that at various excitation wavelengths the essentially different final excited electronic states are realized. Because of the multicenter character of 8-azasteroids the spectroscopic data obtained may be analyzed on a basis of the mesomeric tautomerism model taking into account the dynamic combination of cis- and trans-configurations. The dependence of fluorescence spectral characteristics on the solvent nature is a manifestation of intermolecular H-bond interactions.     

UV assisted oxidation and nitridation of hafnia based thin films for alternate gate dielectric applications

The synergistic effects of NH₃ ambient and ultraviolet illumination on the dielectric properties of hafnia based gate dielectrics are reported in this paper. The films were processed at relatively low temperatures (∼400 °C) by pulsed laser ablation and UV oxidation technique. UV illumination and the NH₃ ambient created a thin and a denser interfacial layer (at the film-Si interface) comprised of HfSiON bonding. As a result of the interfacial layer modification, a leakage current density lower than 10⁻⁴ A/cm² and a dielectric constant of ∼21.7 were extracted from the best samples processed in NH₃ and under UV illumination. The nitrogen doped HfO₂ also exhibited a thinner interfacial layer (∼12 Å) in comparison to the films processed without NH₃ ambient.     

High‐Resolution Submillimeter Wave Spectroscopy of Hydrogen Sulphide with Heterodyne Spectrometer

A submillimeter heterodyne spectrometer using continuous wave optically pumped molecular laser as local oscillator and Schottky diode as mixer was developed at Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad (India) for quantitative spectroscopy of polyatomic molecules in laboratory. The experimental details of spectrometer and its application to study of molecular line parameters are presented. In particular line strength, collision line width (self and foreign) of H₂S 5_5,05_4,1 transition¹(579.799 GHz) have been measured. Air molecules have been used as foreign (perturbing) molecules taking Earths atmosphere into consideration².     

Calculation of the Tautomeric Properties of 3‐Formyl‐Tetrinic Acid by the ab initio and DFT Methods

We have carried out a nonempirical quantumchemical calculation with full optimization of the geometry of all theoretically possible tautomeric forms of 3formyltetrinic acid (FTRA) according to the Møller–Plesset secondorder perturbation theory with the use of a 6–31G(d) double zeta basis set. The correlation corrections to the total energy of molecules for optimized geometric configurations were calculated in the 631G(d,p) basis. All the possible tautomeric forms of FTRA and the harmonic vibrational frequencies were also calculated within the density functional theory (DFT) with the use of the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) functional in a threeexponent basis. It is shown that FTRA in vapors (in the perfect gas approximation) exists in the form of a mixture of three enol forms, among which two exoforms predominate. The frequencies and forms of normal vibrations for each cisenol tautomer in the region of vibrations of ketogroups and double bonds differ widely, which permits identification of the tautomers present in the mixture. The possible mechanisms of enolenol transformations of 3acyltetrinic acids are discussed.     

Luminescence of Trivalent Thulium Ions in Complexes with β-Diketones

It is established that a fairly intense luminescence of thulium can be observed in solutions (suspensions of residues) of different-ligand complexes that include -diketone and an organic base. The luminescence characteristics of Tm compounds are determined in the series of acetyl acetone derivatives with different substituents, including fluorinated ones, of different length and structure. A relationship is found between I, , and of the Tm complexes and the character of the substituents in a -diketone molecule.     

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Exogenous and Endogenous Photostabilizers on Lens Crystallin Photodegradation

The purpose of the present study was to determine in vitro the effect of sodium azide, ethanol, trans--carotene, and the reduced form of glutathione on phototransformations in the lens crystallin. These photostabilizers show a specific affinity for different kinds of free radicals. The water-soluble protein from the cortical part of the eye was irradiated with doses of UV C ranging from 0 to 4.07 J/cm². Changes in the structure of the crystallins have been monitored by steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Irradiation of dialyzed samples of these proteins at a wavelength of 254 nm (1.13 ± 0.02 mW/cm²) caused photooxidation of aromatic residues; the crystallin solutions became opaque and turbid. The samples displayed increasing attenuance at a wavelength of 280 nm as photodamage proceeded. The fluorescence of tryptophan at 333 nm systematically decreased and a new band between 400 and 500 nm appeared during the UV C irradiation. Our results show that the antioxidants can protect proteins from UV C-induced photodegradation and the protective effect is significantly dependent on their concentration in the protein solution. There are no dramatic differences in the rates of exogenous and endogenous scavenging of generated free radicals for all concentrations used, with rate constants varying by a factor no greater than 2. The mechanism and the rate of scavenging or quenching are dependent on the nature of the radical species and the photostabilizer structure. Although this study provides evidence for free radical scavenging and protein protection, extrapolations to possible antioxidant effects in vivo must be made cautiously.     

IR Spectra of Derivatives of Immunotropic 8-Azasteroids

By the method of IR Fourier spectroscopy with the use of numerical differentiation of spectral line profiles we have studied the spectra of some structural and functional derivatives of immunotropic 8-azasteroids in the region of C=O and C=C bonds (1800–1400 cm^–1). We have established the dependence of vibration frequencies of the C=O and C=C groups on the size of the ring D, the presence of heteroatoms (O, S) in the ring D, transformations in the -acyl--aminovinylcarbonyl fragment and in its adjacent positions of the heterosteroid skeleton, and the composite character of the absorption bands that are due to the vibrations of the C=O and C=C groups. The role of the structural and stereoelectronic factors in the observed group frequencies of 8-azasteroids is discussed.     

High-spin isomer in 93Mo

The high-spin states of ⁹³Mo have been studied by a ⁸²Se( ¹⁶O, 5n) ⁹³Mo reaction at a beam energy of 100 MeV using techniques of in-beam -ray spectroscopy. Measurements of -t, --t coincidences, -ray angular distributions and -ray linear polarizations were performed. The high-spin isomer was found as a (39/2^-) state at about 9.7 MeV. The near-yrast states in ⁹³Mo were interpreted using the weak-coupling picture of a d_5/2 neutron to a neutron magic core nucleus ⁹²Mo.