激光器阵列的部分相干性对相干合成远场输出特性的影响

对于相干合成的光纤激光器阵列来说，如何定量的分析阵列的相干性对于评价阵列的性能具有极其重要的意义.文章推导了光纤激光器阵列部分相干合成远场强度分布的解析表达式，详细探讨了激光器阵列的部分相干性对相干合成远场图样分布、中心主瓣宽度、斯特列尔比、桶中功率的影响.最后采用主振荡并联放大器方案对三路掺镱光纤放大器进行实时相位探测与校正，实验给出了三路光纤放大器相干合成的结果.     

激光器阵列的部分相干性对相干合成远场输出特性的影响

对于相干合成的光纤激光器阵列来说,如何定量的分析阵列的相干性对于评价阵列的性能具有极其重要的意义.文章推导了光纤激光器阵列部分相干合成远场强度分布的解析表达式,详细探讨了激光器阵列的部分相干性对相干合成远场图样分布、中心主瓣宽度、斯特列尔比、桶中功率的影响.最后采用主振荡并联放大器方案对三路掺镱光纤放大器进行实时相位探测与校正,实验给出了三路光纤放大器相干合成的结果. 关键词： 光纤激光器阵列 相干合成 相干度     

激光器的部分相干性对光纤激光器阵列相干合成远场图样的影响

考虑光纤激光器阵列相干合成的远场分布时，一般都认为单个激光器的输出光束是理想的高斯光束，实际上受各种因素的影响，一般激光器的输出光束都是一部分相干光.从部分相干光的高斯-谢尔模型出发，首次推导出了当单个激光器的输出光束是部分相干光时，激光器阵列相干合成的远场光强分布模型，并给出了数值模拟计算结果. 关键词： 光纤激光器阵列 相干合成 部分相干光     

多阵元光纤相干列阵的理论与实验研究

基于Fraunhofer衍射理论,建立了六角形相干列阵远场分布的理论模型,采用Strehl比和能量集中度作为评价参数,分析了列阵排列方式、振幅、填充因子对远场分布的影响.并由爬山法相位控制技术和六棱台合束器,构建了七阵元光纤相干列阵实验系统.在066填充因子情况下,获得了Strehl比为070、能量集中度为040七阵元合成光束,以及获得了能量集中度分别为045和018的二阵元线阵和四阵元矩形阵合成光束. 关键词： 相干合成 填充因子 能量集中度 Strehl比     

多阵元光纤相干列阵的理论与实验研究

基于Fraunhofer衍射理论,建立了六角形相干列阵远场分布的理论模型,采用Strehl比和能量集中度作为评价参数,分析了列阵排列方式、振幅、填充因子对远场分布的影响.并由爬山法相位控制技术和六棱台合束器,构建了七阵元光纤相干列阵实验系统.在066填充因子情况下,获得了Strehl比为070、能量集中度为040七阵元合成光束,以及获得了能量集中度分别为045和018的二阵元线阵和四阵元矩形阵合成光束.     

利用全光纤耦合环实现三路光纤激光器的相位锁定

利用三个2×2的光纤耦合器按一定规则联接成一个全光纤耦合环,该耦合环将三个独立的掺铒光纤激光器连成一个锁相阵列. 由于耦合环的引入,锁相阵列的整体损耗减小,且三个单元激光器之间可以进行有效的能量相互注入耦合,进而实现阵列的锁相输出. 实验中观察到的远场干涉图样和锁相前后的输出光谱均表明三路光纤激光器实现了相位锁定,当三路抽运源的功率均为100 mW时,获得了92 mW的稳定相干输出. 关键词： 光纤激光器 相干合成 光纤耦合器 相位锁定     

基于公共环形腔耦合的光纤激光器相干合成技术

 为提高光纤激光器无源自调整相干合成阵列的效率、稳定性和可扩展性,提出了基于公共光纤环形腔耦合与单模光纤滤波的光纤激光器相干合成方案。将多个2×2的光纤耦合器分别插入各单元激光器的谐振腔,利用耦合器余下的端口,两两相连构成公共环形耦合腔。采用单模光纤滤波技术,提高了各输出激光束之间相位锁定的稳定性。利用该方案在实验上实现了三路光纤激光器的被动锁相输出,实验测得的远场干涉光斑、输出功率及光谱均表明该方案适于构建性能较好的光纤激光器相干合成阵列。     

类视网膜阵列结构的光纤相控阵方法研究

出射光束阵列布局对光纤相控阵的高功率激光相干合成性能有着重要影响。针对现有光纤相控方法的阵元间距难以突破半个波长,导致能量合成效率低的问题,提出了类视网膜多环形光纤相控方法,设计了具有圆形对称分布的结构,在保持中心阵元以及最外环阵元位置不变的情况下,通过粒子群算法优化环间其余阵元间距以获得最佳的远场相干合成性能。仿真结果表明,与传统光纤相控方法相比,提出的阵列布局可将能量集中度从0.562提升至0.921,峰值旁瓣水平从0.212压缩至0.043。     

高功率光纤激光的时间部分相干性对相干合成的影响

 将多个光纤激光器的输出光束进行相干合成是获得高功率、高光束质量激光的有效途径。利用准部分相干光(PPCB)模型，计算了高功率光纤激光器阵列发出的部分相干光在远场的能量分布，分析了激光的时间部分相干性对相干合成的影响。计算结果表明，随着单根激光器输出光束线宽的增大，远场光斑的图样基本保持不变，但峰值功率和Strehl比随之减小。对于采用的算例，要保证远场光斑的Strehl比大于0.8，单根光纤激光器的线宽不能超过5 nm。     

密集阵高功率微波空间功率合成

对基于矩形阵列的高功率微波二维密集阵阵列合成进行了研究。仿真分析了均匀矩形栅格阵列的远场方向图,结果表明采用密集阵可以实现高效的、具有确定主波束的空间功率合成。并分析了阵元间距及阵元初相位对阵列空间功率合成的影响,结果表明:阵元间距越小,栅瓣越少,主波束宽度越宽,具有确定主波束的临界距离越小;当目标高度超过阵临界距离时,阵元初相位相差越小合成效率越高,阵列初相位分布范围超过/2时,阵列得不到确定的主波束,进行阵列设计时应充分考虑阵元间距及初相位对阵列合成的影响。     

Optimal Truncation of Element Beam in a Coherent Fiber Laser Array

The beam quality of a coherent fiber laser array often suffers from the low fill factor of the Gaussian laser array. One simple and effective approach to improve the fill factor is to truncate the array element properly. An analytical expression for far-field intensity distribution of a truncated coherent fiber laser array is derived. Optimal truncation of the element beam in different coherent fiber laser arrays is obtained by using energy encircled in the far-field central-lobe as the beam quality criterion. By optimal truncation, energy encircled in the central-lobe can be 97% compared with the ideal case. The shift in optimal truncation parameter in the case of phase noise is also analyzed.     

Influence of turbulent atmosphere on the far-field coherent combined beam quality

Propagation of coherent combined laser beams in turbulent atmosphere is numerically studied based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. By choosing beam propagation factor (BPF) and beam quality factor (BQ) to characterize the far-field irradiance distribution properties, the influence of turbulence on far-field coherent combined beam quality is studied in detail. The investigation reveals that with the coherence length decreasing, the irradiance distribution pattern evolves from typical non-Gaussian shape with multiple side-lobes into Gaussian shape which is seen in the incoherent combining case. In weak turbulent atmosphere, the far-field beam quality suffers less when the 1aser array gets more compact and operates at a longer wavelength. In strong turbulent atmosphere, the far-field beam quality degrades into the incoherent combining case without any relationship with the fill factor and laser wavelength.     

Diffractive-optics-based beam combination of a phase-locked fiber laser array

A diffractive optical element (DOE) is used as a beam combiner for an actively phase-locked array of fiber lasers. Use of a DOE eliminates the far-field sidelobes and the accompanying loss of beam quality typically observed in tiled coherent laser arrays. Using this technique, we demonstrated coherent combination of five fiber lasers with 91% efficiency and M2=1.04. Combination efficiency and phase locking is robust even with large amplitude and phase fluctuations on the input laser array elements. Calculations and power handling measurements suggest that this approach can scale to both high channel counts and high powers.     

Simulation of Far-Field Properties of Coherent Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Array

Far-field properties dependent on array scale,separation,element width and emitted wavelength are systematically analyzed theoretically and experimentally.An array model based on the finite-difference method is established to simulate the far-field profile of the coherent arrays.Some important conclusions are obtained.To achieve a higher quality beam,it is necessary to decrease separation between elements,or to increase the element width.Higher brightness can be achieved in the array with larger scale.Emitted wavelength also has an influence on the far-Geld prohle.These analyses can be extended to the future design of coherent vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays.     

Effect of emitter number on quantum cascade laser monolithic phased array

We present the optical analysis of spatial single-mode monolithic quantum cascade laser arrays in the mid-IR. Subwavelength parallel microstripe waveguides are buried into InP:Fe and phase locked by evanescent coupling. Lasing at room temperature is obtained at λ=8.4 μm. We describe the near- and far-field of stripe arrays comprising up to 32 emitters. One hundred percent coherent emission is shown experimentally and well accounted for by a standard optical simulation.     

Comparative study on the propagation performance of coherently combined and incoherently combined beams

Taking phase error, turbulent atmosphere, jitter, vacancy factor and tilt error into consideration, we propose a general propagation formula for both coherent and incoherent combined beams with different kinds of aberrations. Comparative study on the propagation performance of coherent and incoherent combined beams is presented. Beam propagation factor (BPF) defined as laser output power in a specified far-field bucket divided by the total output power radiating from the effective near-field exit aperture of the laser beam is introduced as the beam quality factor to give a quantitative study. It is revealed that the coherent combined beam has great advantage when propagating in free-space compared with the incoherent combined beams. However, the coherent combined beam is more sensitive to the environmental aberrations, and the beam quality degrades faster with an increase in the aberrations’ intensity. Scintillation index as the high moments of the combined intensity field is also studied. It is revealed that both coherent and incoherent combined beams exhibit less scintillations compared with a single-aperture beam, and the incoherent combined beam demonstrates better scintillations reducing the performance. Our methodology offers an all-round performance evaluation on the two kinds of laser systems.     

Spatial coherence properties and directionality of partially coherent cosh-Gaussian beams

Based on the theory of optical coherence, the spatial coherence properties and directionality of partially coherent cosh-Gaussian (ChG) beams are studied. It is shown that unlike Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beams, in the strict sense there do not exist partially coherent ChG beams which may produce the same far-field radiant intensity distribution as a fully coherent laser beam. However, under certain conditions it is possible to find partially coherent ChG beams with the same far-field radiant intensity distribution as a fully coherent laser beam.     

两路120 W固体激光高光束质量相干合成

通过主动相位控制实现了两路固体激光器的高光束质量相干合成输出,总输出功率达到240W。建立了两路120W板条激光放大器,通过光束整形获得了高光束质量方形光斑,并实现了高占空比光束拼接,填充因子高于92.4%。研制了光轴一致性探测与控制系统,采用基于压电陶瓷的快反镜实现了光轴的高精度闭环控制,两束激光光轴一致性优于2μrad(RMS)。设计了基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的相位探测与控制系统,用随机并行梯度下降算法(SPGD)锁定了两束激光的活塞相位。相位闭环后,远场光斑峰值提高到开环状态的1.7倍,为理想值的84%。合成光束主瓣包含67%的激光总能量,光束质量(BQ)为1.1。     

高功率光纤激光部分相干合成的可行性及效果分析

提出部分相干合成的概念,论证了谱线宽度和偏振特性并不是影响高功率光纤激光部分相干合成的瓶颈.与完全相干合成的理想情形相比,随着光束线宽的增大,部分相干合成光束的远场光斑图样基本保持不变,但峰值强度和斯特尔(Strehl)比随之减小,光斑能量越来越分散.利用数值计算的方法对部分相干合成与非相干合成光束的远场效果进行了比较分析.计算结果表明,尽管线宽的存在降低了部分相干合成的效果,但与非相干合成相比,部分相干合成的光束仍具有较大优势.