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磁共振成像(MRI)系统是一种重要的医学诊断设备。作者提出了一种针对使用铁磁材料匀场的开放式超导MRI主磁场匀场的优化方法。在这种方法中,为了使这种包含非线性铁磁轭结构的MRI磁体产生高均匀度的磁场,集成了改进的多输入多输出负反馈控制理论和有限元方法,来计算匀场区非线性铁磁材料的形状。特别要指出的是,这种方法对初始值的要求不高,一定可以收敛,如果配置得当,可以快速收敛。另外,由于收敛速度快,这种方法也可以应用于大型的非轴对称三维模型优化分析。在文中,作者在一个二维轴对称磁体模型上测试了该方法,表现良好。 相似文献
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磁共振成像(MRI)的磁体设计首先是确保中心成像区的场值和均匀性, 二是尽可能减少场值耗散的距离即漏磁5Gs 线. 基于此本文提出了一种线性与非线性规划联合优化的方法. 首先将导体作为基本单元, 在预布置线圈的空间范围内构建二维连续导体网格. 通过线性规划搜索满足磁场约束条件的网格电流分布图. 再将存在电流的网格离散为一个个矩形线圈区域, 在保证场值均匀性、 杂散场5 Gs 线范围以及线圈位置间隔、 导体超导线安全裕度的前提下利用非线性规划, 具体确定各个线圈的轴向和径向位置、 线圈内导体层数和各层匝数以及通电流大小等. 采用这种联合优化方法, 不仅节省优化时间, 还可以自行设计线圈形状有利于工程实现. 文中由此方法给出了14 T MRI 磁体的一种设计方案, 依靠4 组线圈使得45 cm 中心球形成像内不均匀度降低到5 ppm, 而高场耗散的5 Gs 线通过磁体自屏蔽减小到15 m 以内. 满足了设计的要求. 相似文献
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本文发展了开放式自屏蔽全身成像高场超导磁共振成像(MRI)磁体的优化设计方法,使设计出来的磁体仅有4 对超导线圈. 这种开放结构的超导MRI磁体优化设计方法集成了线性规划算法和遗传算法. 通过迭代线性规划算法可以在考虑成像区域(DSV)磁感应强度约束、磁场不均匀度约束、5 Gs线范围约束、线圈区域最大磁场值约束和最大环向应力约束的条件下,获得用线量最少的线圈初始形状和位置,同时可以得到每个线圈的层数和每层匝数;通过遗传算法可以提高DSV区域的磁场不均匀度,以达到高质量成像的要求. 这种集成的优化设计方法既可以灵活有效的设计开放式MRI磁体,也可以设计传统的圆柱形MRI磁体,本文通过一个1.2 T的开放式MRI磁体的设计清楚的展示了这种优化方法.
关键词:
线性规划算法
遗传算法
自屏蔽
开放式超导MRI磁体 相似文献
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本文提出一种用于短腔、自屏蔽磁共振成像超导磁体系统的混合优化设计方法,通过结合线性规划和非线性优化算法,设计出的磁体系统具有建造成本低、结构简单、以及线圈中最高磁场、电流安全裕度和电磁应力可控等优点.首先,通过线性规划算法在欲布置线圈空间范围内建立二维连续网格划分,搜索满足磁场约束条件的网格电流分布图;其次,将电流分布图中的非零电流簇离散成螺线管线圈,通过非线性优化算法计算出满足成像区域磁场均匀度要求、5 Gs杂散场限制、线圈中最高磁场限制、电流安全裕度以及线圈间尺寸间隔等约束条件的线圈结构参数.文中给出一个中心磁场为1.5T自屏蔽磁共振成像超导磁体系统的设计案例,在50 cm球形成像区域所产生的磁场峰峰值不均匀度为10 ppm,线圈最大长度为1.32 m.该设计方法可用于对称、非对称螺线管线圈系统以及开放式双平面线圈系统的磁共振成像磁体系统设计. 相似文献
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本文提出了一种开放式磁共振成像(MRI)超导磁体的设计方法.在对磁体模型进行简化的基础上获得初始的电流分布,然后将线圈截面的优化问题转化成一个非线性最小二乘问题,通过求解最小二乘问题得到实际的线圈截面参数.文章最后给出了一个设计算例. 相似文献
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Active ferromagnetic shimming of the permanent magnet for magnetic resonance imaging scanner 下载免费PDF全文
This paper presents an approach of active ferromagnetic shimming for C-type permanent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnet.It is designed to reduce inhomogeneity of magnetostatic field of C-type permanent magnet to meet the stringent requirement for MRI applications.An optimal configuration (locations and thicknesses) of active ferromagnetic pieces is generated through calculation according to the initial field map and the demanded final homogeneity specifications.This approach uses a minimisation technique which makes the sum of squared magnetic moment minimum to restrict the amount of the active ferromagnetic material used and the maximal thickness of pieces stacked at each hole location in the shimming boards.Simulation and experimental results verify that the method is valid and efficient. 相似文献
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Khaneja N Kramer F Glaser SJ 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2005,173(1):116-124
Hyperpolarized noble gases (HNGs) provide exciting possibilities for MR imaging at ultra-low magnetic field strengths (<0.15 T) due to the extremely high polarizations available from optical pumping. The fringe field of many superconductive magnets used in clinical MR imaging can provide a stable magnetic field for this purpose. In addition to offering the benefit of HNG MR imaging alongside conventional high field proton MRI, this approach offers the other useful advantage of providing different field strengths at different distances from the magnet. However, the extremely strong field gradients associated with the fringe field present a major challenge for imaging since impractically high active shim currents would be required to achieve the necessary homogeneity. In this work, a simple passive shimming method based on the placement of a small number of ferromagnetic pieces is proposed to reduce the fringe field inhomogeneities to a level that can be corrected using standard active shims. The method explicitly takes into account the strong variations of the field over the volume of the ferromagnetic pieces used to shim. The method is used to obtain spectra in the fringe field of a high-field (1.89 T) superconducting magnet from hyperpolarized 129Xe gas samples at two different ultra-low field strengths (8.5 and 17 mT). The linewidths of spectra measured from imaging phantoms (30 Hz) indicate a homogeneity sufficient for MRI of the rat lung. 相似文献
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介绍了一种强磁场高温超导螺线管磁体电磁性能的优化方法。通过编写Matlab数据处理程序优化了一个中心磁感应强度为8T、内径为20cm的磁体。利用有限元分析法分析已优化磁体的磁场分布,得到磁体在垂直方向的最大磁感应强度值与Matlab数据处理程序计算的结果基本吻合。 相似文献
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Huawei Zhao Stuart Crozier David M. Doddrell 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》1999,141(2):340
This paper describes a hybrid numerical method for the design of asymmetric magnetic resonance imaging magnet systems. The problem is formulated as a field synthesis and the desired current density on the surface of a cylinder is first calculated by solving a Fredholm equation of the first kind. Nonlinear optimization methods are then invoked to fit practical magnet coils to the desired current density. The field calculations are performed using a semi-analytical method. A new type of asymmetric magnet is proposed in this work. The asymmetric MRI magnet allows the diameter spherical imaging volume to be positioned close to one end of the magnet. The main advantages of making the magnet asymmetric include the potential to reduce the perception of claustrophobia for the patient, better access to the patient by attending physicians, and the potential for reduced peripheral nerve stimulation due to the gradient coil configuration. The results highlight that the method can be used to obtain an asymmetric MRI magnet structure and a very homogeneous magnetic field over the central imaging volume in clinical systems of approximately 1.2 m in length. Unshielded designs are the focus of this work. This method is flexible and may be applied to magnets of other geometries. 相似文献
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本文阐述了几种优化方法及其对它们的改进,并选用测试函数对各种方法的寻优性能作了对比;然后阐述了高温超导磁体的径向磁场对临界电流的影响及最大径向磁场的位置定标方法;最后将各种优化方法应用于高温超导磁体的设计中.经过优化,高温超导磁体大大减小了其体积,提高了超导材料的利用率,节约了超导材料的用量及制冷时所损耗的电源功率. 相似文献
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Li X Xia L Chen W Liu F Crozier S Xie D 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2011,208(1):148-155
In permanent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, pulsed gradient fields induce strong eddy currents in the conducting structures of the magnet body. The gradient field for image encoding is perturbed by these eddy currents leading to MR image distortions. This paper presents a comprehensive finite element (FE) analysis of the eddy current generation in the magnet conductors. In the proposed FE model, the hysteretic characteristics of ferromagnetic materials are considered and a scalar Preisach hysteresis model is employed. The developed FE model was applied to study gradient z-coil induced eddy currents in a 0.5 T permanent MRI device. The simulation results demonstrate that the approach could be effectively used to investigate eddy current problems involving ferromagnetic materials. With the knowledge gained from this eddy current model, our next step is to design a passive magnet structure and active gradient coils to reduce the eddy current effects. 相似文献