高能核碰撞中的K+/π+比与次级碰撞效应

用程函近似分析在高能核碰撞中次级作用对K⁺/π⁺比的影响.计算表明,在K⁺/π⁺比中次级碰撞效应是重要的.     

缺中子130Pm和128Pr核的EC/β+衰变研究

171MeV³⁶Ar束轰击⁹⁶Ru靶由熔合蒸发反应生成了¹³⁰Pm和¹²⁸Pr核.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.基于X-γ-t,γ-γ-t符合测量,首次建立了¹³⁰Pm的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.重新研究了¹²⁸Pr核的衰变,订正和补充了γ射线,建立了新的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.     

用同位旋分离的RVUU模拟重离子碰撞

推广了原来的RVUU模型,进一步分离了粒子的同位旋自由度. 并用它模拟了每核子1GeV入射能量的Au+Au碰撞,得到了与实验符合很好的p.π⁺和K⁺动量谱,K⁺与π⁺多重数及其比值K⁺/π⁺随参加粒子数目的变化规律,同时从理论上分析了K⁺/π⁺产额比曲线的物理意义.     

稀有气体化合物MRg+和MRgF(M=Co，Rh，Ir，Rg=Ar，Kr，Xe)的成键分析

本文运用B3LYP、MP2、MP4(SDQ)和CCSD(T)方法对由稀有气体原子(Ar,Kr,Xe)与过渡金属原子(Co,Rh,Ir)形成的化合物MRg⁺和MRgF进行了几何结构优化和频率计算,并探究了这些化合物的热力学性质. 结果表明,MRg⁺在热力学上是稳定的,而MRgF在热力学上为亚稳态. 同时使用分子中的原子理论的电子密度拓扑分析方法、自然键轨道分析方法、能量分解分析方法等多种分析方法来解析M-Rg的成键性质. 结果显示,化合物 MRg⁺的单位正电荷主要分布在金属M上,且这类化合物中金属的电子密度分布与单价离子M⁺相似,因此MRg⁺中的M-Rg键弱且不共价. 与MRg⁺相比,MRgF中的M-Rg键长更短(接近于M与Rg原子的理论共价半径之和),Wiberg键级指数更大,具有部分共价性质.     

高能质子-核和核-核碰撞中末态作用对K+/π+比的影响

π介子与周围核子发生次级碰撞可以改变K⁺/π⁺比.本文用Glauber模型计算在质子-核和核-核碰撞中的K⁺/π⁺比.计算表明,末态相互作用对K⁺/π⁺比的效应是重要的.     

CuH分子A1∑+态的寿命和预解离研究

A combined cavity ringdown (CRD) and laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopic study on the A¹∑⁺-X¹∑⁺ transition of CuH has been presented.The CuH molecule,as well as its deuterated isotopologue CuD,are produced in a supersonic jet expansion by discharging H₂(or D₂) and Ar gas mixtures using two copper needles.Different profiles of relative line intensities are observed between the measured LIF and CRD spectra,providing an experimental evidence for the predissociation behavior in the A¹∑⁺ state of CuH.The lifetimes of individual upper rotational levels are measured by LIF,in which the J''-dependent predissociation rates are obtained.Based on the previous theoretical calculations,a predissociation mechanism is concluded due to the strong spin-orbit coupling between the A¹∑⁺ state and the lowest-lying triplet ³∑⁺ state,and a tunneling effect may also be involved in the predissociation.Similar experiments are also performed for CuD,showing that the A¹∑⁺ state of CuD does not undergo a predissociation process.     

D介子稀有衰变研究

利用工作在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上的北京谱仪(BES)收集到的33pb^－1的Ψ(3770)数据,寻找D介子味道改变中性流(FCNC)和轻子数不守恒(LNV)的稀有衰变, 包括4个D⁰介子的衰变模式(K⁰e⁺e^－,Φe⁺e^－,ρ⁰e⁺e^－和K^*0e⁺e^－)和6个D⁺介子的衰变模式(K^－e⁺e⁺,K⁺e⁺e^－,π^－e⁺e⁺, π⁺e⁺e^－,K^*－e⁺e⁺和K^*+e⁺e^－). 没有发现信号,给出90%置信水平的上限. 其中, D⁺介子的两个衰变模式D⁺→K^*－e⁺e⁺和D⁺→K^*+e⁺e^－的上限是首次测量.     

相对论性重离子碰撞中次级碰撞对K+/π+比的影响

本文基于参加者-旁观者模型,用Monte Carlo方法分析了相对论性重离子碰撞中各种次级碰撞对K⁺/π⁺比值上升的影响.结果表明,公认仅考虑次级碰撞不足以解释实验观测的K⁺/π⁺比值上升.     

130Nd和140Tb的EC/β+衰变研究

利用能量为170MeV左右的³⁶Ar重离子束轰击⁹⁶Ru和¹⁰⁶Cd浓缩同位素靶,分别生成缺中子同位素¹³⁰Nd和¹⁴⁰Tb.借助氦喷嘴带传输系统,用X–γ和γ–γ符合方法,分离鉴别了这两种核素,并进一步测定了它们的衰变性质.得到¹³⁰Nd的半衰期为(13±3)s,首次建议了它的EC/β+衰变纲图,推测了其子核¹³⁰Pr的基态和低位能级的自旋宇称.修订了¹⁴⁰Tb的原有极简单的EC/β⁺衰变纲图并指认¹⁴⁰Tb的基态自旋宇称为7⁺.     

夸克模型下的赝标介子之间的短程相互作用

本文用自由的单胶子湮没机制和Hybrid中间态机制分别计算了π⁺-π^－,K⁺-K^－,K⁺-π^－和K^－-π⁺之间的短程相互作用.计算结果表明,对于π⁺-π^－散射,用hybrid中间态模型计算的结果能定性地符合实验,而对于K⁺-K^－,K⁺-π^－或K^－-π⁺相互作用,有待实验检验.     

Experimental evidence of interatomic coulombic decay from the auger final states in argon dimers

Interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) from an Auger-final dicationic state is observed in the Ar dimer. A 2p inner-shell vacancy created by photoionization is replaced with 3s and 3p vacancies via intra-atomic Auger decay. The Auger-final dicationic state is subject to ICD in which one of the 3p electrons in the same Ar atom fills the 3s vacancy while one of the 3p electrons from the neighboring Ar atom is emitted as an ICD electron. This ICD process is unambiguously identified by electron-ion-ion coincidence spectroscopy in which the kinetic energy of the ICD electron and the kinetic energy release between Ar+ and Ar2+ are measured in coincidence.     

Electron-catalyzed mutual neutralization of various anions with Ar+: evidence of a new plasma process

The mutual neutralization of anions with Ar+ has been studied by variable electron and neutral density attachment mass spectrometry. Evidence of a previously unobserved plasma loss process, electron-catalyzed mutual neutralization (ECMN), e.g., SF6-+Ar+ + e-→neutrals + e-, is reported. Results for 10 species suggest that ECMN occurs generally and significantly affects the total ion-loss rate in plasmas with electron densities exceeding 10(10) cm-3. ECMN is discussed in the context of other known three-body plasma processes, the mechanisms for which appear insufficient to explain the observed effect. A mechanism for ECMN involving an incident electron facilitating energy transfer to the internal modes of the anion is proposed.     

Exploring relativistic many-body recoil effects in highly charged ions

The relativistic recoil effect has been the object of experimental investigations using highly charged ions at the Heidelberg electron beam ion trap. Its scaling with the nuclear charge Z boosts its contribution to a measurable level in the magnetic-dipole (M1) transitions of B- and Be-like Ar ions. The isotope shifts of 36Ar versus 40Ar have been detected with sub-ppm accuracy, and the recoil effect contribution was extracted from the 1s(2)2s(2)2p 2P(1/2) - 2P(3/2) transition in Ar13+ and the 1s(2)2s2p 3P1-3P2 transition in Ar14+. The experimental isotope shifts of 0.00123(6) nm (Ar13+) and 0.00120(10) nm (Ar14+) are in agreement with our present predictions of 0.00123(5) nm (Ar13+) and 0.00122(5) nm (Ar14+) based on the total relativistic recoil operator, confirming that a thorough understanding of correlated relativistic electron dynamics is necessary even in a region of intermediate nuclear charges.     

Multiphoton double ionization of Ar in intense extreme ultraviolet laser fields studied by shot-by-shot photoelectron spectroscopy

Photoelectron spectroscopy has been performed to study the multiphoton double ionization of Ar in an intense extreme ultraviolet laser field (hν ～ 21 eV, ～ 5 TW/cm2), by using a free electron laser (FEL). Three distinct peaks identified in the observed photoelectron spectra clearly show that the double ionization proceeds sequentially via the formation of Ar(+): Ar+hν→Ar (+) + e? and Ar2(+) + 2hν→Ar(+) + e?. Shot-by-shot recording of the photoelectron spectra allows simultaneous monitoring of FEL spectrum and the multiphoton process for each FEL pulse, revealing that the two-photon ionization from Ar(+) is significantly enhanced by intermediate resonances in Ar(+).     

Argon nanobubbles in Al(111): a photoemission study

Two fundamental manifestations of Al conduction electron response to Ar atom core hole in the final state of photoemission have been studied in implanted Ar bubbles in Al(111). Ar 2p binding energy and the Doniach-Sunji? asymmetry of the core-level line shape vary systematically as functions of Ar+ implantation energy and number of ions bombarded (fluence). The observations are explained by relating the strength of Al conduction electron screening to the size of the Ar nanobubbles.     

Autoionization mediated by electron transfer

Electron-electron coincidence spectra of Ar-Kr clusters after photoionization have been measured. An electron with the kinetic energy range from 0 to approximately 1 eV is found in coincidence with the Ar 3s cluster photoelectron. The low kinetic energy electron can be attributed to an Ar + Kr+ + Kr+ final state which forms after electron transfer mediated decay. This autoionization mechanism results from a concerted transition involving three different atoms in a van der Waals cluster; it was predicted theoretically, but hitherto not observed.     

Ar辅助确定Al等离子体电子温度

用Ar气作保护气时 ,Nd :YAG脉冲激光烧蚀Al靶 ,将诱发Ar气电离 ,并产生丰富的Ar离子谱线辐射。文章根据Ar离子谱线辐射信息 ,分析了ArⅡ 385 0 5 7,ArⅡ 386 85 3,ArⅡ 4 0 4 2 91 ,ArⅡ 4 0 7 2 0 1nm等 4条谱线的时间分辨行为 ,计算了Al等离子体的电子温度。结果发现 :Al等离子体的电子温度约 1 5 0 0 0～2 2 0 0 0K ,随延迟时间的增加 ,电子温度单调衰减     

The electron beam technique in carbon monoxide: Density and quenching rates

Electron-induced emissions of the First Negative System of CO⁺ were studied in CO and Ar+CO(10%) free jets. The mechanisms of the excitation–emission process were analysed to make use of the electron beam technique in CO as well as in a CO+Ar mixture. It was shown that more than 85% of the (0,0) band emission was excited by primary electrons. Rate constants of collisional quenching of the CO⁺(B) state by CO and Ar were measured at low (<200 K) temperatures. The negative temperature dependence of the quenching rates is in qualitative agreement with the results obtained for other molecular ions.     

Angular studies of potential electron emission in the interaction of slow ions with Al surfaces

We report energy distributions of electrons emitted from Al surfaces under impact by 1 keV Ar+ and 1-5 keV Ne+ ions. The variation of the energy distributions with the angle of incidence is different for both ions and provides information on the mechanism responsible for electron emission. For Ar+ electron emission results mainly from Auger neutralization, while for Ne+ an important emission mechanism is the decay of plasmon excitations. We find a transition between surface and bulk plasmon excitations as the energy of the ion is increased.     

极板电压与间距对大气压射频氩等离子体放电参数的影响

 基于1维流体力学模型,对大气压射频裸露金属电极氩气放电过程进行了研究。模型中考虑了氩等离子体放电过程中主要发生的激发和电离等7个反应过程,对等离子体反应产生的主要粒子,包括电子、氩原子离子Ar⁺、氩分子离子Ar2⁺和氩激发态Ar^*等,建立连续性方程、动量方程和电流平衡方程。分析了极板电压、极板间距对上述粒子数密度分布的影响。给出了电子,Ar⁺,Ar^*和Ar₂⁺密度随极板电压及间距变化的时空演化过程。得出极板电压或极板间距的改变会使放电空间的电场发生改变,对应一定的极板间距,极板电压有一个最佳值,极板电压和间距的变化会使对应的极板间有一个最佳电场值,而对应最佳电场有一个等离子体气体间最佳反应系数,从而使放电空间粒子数密度发生改变。