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1.
5 kW泵浦增益一体化复合功能激光光纤 林傲祥, 湛 欢 , 黄志华, 王瑜英, 王小龙, 倪 力, 唐 选, 梁小宝, 彭 昆, 高 聪 , 王 祯 , 贾兆年, 向小雨, 尤阿妮, 林宏奂, 赵 磊, 王建军, 景 峰  相似文献   

2.
Abolhassani,M.D.一:Hejazi,M.;Ah- madian,A.;and Amjadi,A.:Comparison of optieal deteetion system,PVDF deteetion system,and PVDF needle hydroPhone for oPtoacoustie tomograPh扒593 Ahmadian,人.see Abolhassani,M,D.,593 All劝 adi,A.see Abolhassani,M.D.,593 Bai,Ming see Zhang,Douguo,107 Bao,Huanmin see丫V么ng,Yanyong,4; W么ng,Yanyong,6;Jia,Doxlgfang,311 Bao,N.K.see Chen,Zhongyu,319 Bi,Jinzi see Yu,Ting,92 Bian,Jing see Xie,Hongyun,156 Bu,Ydng see …  相似文献   

3.
使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)分别对内蒙古自治区兴和县180名农村育龄妇女头发中21种矿物元素(铝,硼,钡,钙,镉,钴,铬,铜,铁,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,硒,硅,锡,锶,钛,钒和锌)的含量及年龄、生育史及饮食习惯等对其产生的影响进行了研究。结果表明,大多数矿物元素(硼,镉,铬,钴,铜,铁,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,硒,硅,锡,锶,钛,钒和锌)含量从青年组(18~29岁)到老年组(40~45岁)依次减少,而中年组(30~39岁)的钙,镁,锰、铅的含量最低。生育二胎的妇女钙,镁,锰,钼,镍,铅,锡,锶和锌含量最低,这可能与生育次数的增加有关,相关性分析证实钙,铅和锡与生育史有显著性相关。此外,饮食习惯也会影响头发中矿物质元素的含量。经常食用酸菜会导致锌,铁,铜,锰,锶含量水平较低,但钼,铅和硒含量水平较高。而且,锌和硒含量随肉类摄入频率增加而增加。规律性摄入蔬菜会增加硅的含量。同时,经常食用水果会增加锰,镍和钛的含量水平。因此,该研究为解决不均衡饮食习惯盛行的农村地区生育和妇女健康提供基础数据和有用的信息。  相似文献   

4.
密封消解ICP-AES和ICP-MS测定中日两国茶叶中23种矿质元素   总被引:18,自引:4,他引:14  
收集了13种中国茶叶和6种日本茶叶,在进行密封消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了茶叶中Al,Ba,Ca,CA,Ce,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Fe,La,Mg,Mn,Na,Ni,Pb,Rb,Sb,Sr,Th,U,Y和Zn等23种矿质元素的含量,并用茶叶标准参考物质(GBW07605)评价了分析方法的准确度。研究结果表明:密封消解有助于获得较为准确的茶叶中矿质元素含量的分析结果;与日本茶叶相比,中国茶叶中CA,Co,Cr,Cs,Fe,Pb,Rb,Sb,Th,U和Zn等元素含量显著偏高(P〈0.05),预示大气重金属污染程度中国较日本严重。另外,还发现茶叶中一些矿质元素含量之间有很强的线性相关性。  相似文献   

5.
ICP-A ES法测定中国不同产地绒柄牛肝菌中矿质元素含量   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用微波消解处理样品,以电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(IC P-A ES )测定了采自云南省不同地点的绒柄牛肝菌菌盖和菌柄中的12种矿物质元素(P ,Na ,Ca ,Cu ,Fe ,Mg ,Zn ,As ,Cd ,Co ,Cr ,Ni)含量。结果显示:绒柄牛肝菌中P ,Ca ,Mg ,Fe ,Zn ,Cu的含量较高,其中菌盖中的P ,Mg ,Zn ,Cd较高,而菌柄中的Ca ,Co ,Ni较高;聚类分析结果显示,采用普洱地区的样品与其他地区的样品差异较大;主成分分析结果显示,前三个主成分的累计贡献率为77%,其中第一主成分中的P ,Ca ,Cu ,Fe ,Mg ,As ,第二主成分中的Ni ,Na以及第三主成分中的Cd和Zn对区分不同地点的样品贡献较大。结果表明采自不同生境地的食用菌元素含量差异较大。  相似文献   

6.
ICP-AES法同时测定茶叶中的锌、铁、锰、铜、镍、镁   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
研究了用硝酸+硫酸+高氯酸消解样品,用ICP-AES法同时测定茶叶中锌,铁,锰,铜,镍,镁的新方法,在选定的最佳条件下,测锌,铁,锰,铜,镍,镁的检出限分别为4.2,7.8,0.4,7.3,7.6,4.8ng.mL^-1,回收率为94.7%-104.2%,RSD为0.3%-4.7%,该法准确,快速,简便,适用于茶叶样品的测定,结果令人满意。  相似文献   

7.
中药方剂煎煮液中ICP—AES法同时测定16个元素   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文提出了用硝酸-过氧化氢对中药方剂煎煮液进行处理,ICP-AES法对煎煮液中Li,Na,Be,Ca,Sr,Ba,Mg,Cu,Co,Ni,Zn,Mn,Cd,Fe,Cr,V16个元素进行同时测定的方法,该方法简单,快速,准确度高,所测元素的加标回收率均在85~103%之间,样品分析结果满意。  相似文献   

8.
选取对人体有重要作用的三种糖类化合物,采用高分辨率太赫兹时域光谱系统与傅里叶变换红外光谱系统,在较宽的频谱范围内,对样品进行测谱分析;实验发现无水葡萄糖在1.10,1.30,1.45,1.79,1.88,1.97,2.08,2.40,2.55,2.70,2.84 ,2.96,3.24,3.64和4.23 THz频率处存在特征吸收,无水果糖在1.09,1.33,1.65,2.14,2.62,2.97,3.24,4.75,6.97,7.35,7.98,8.36,9.16,9.32,9.53和9.73 THz频率处存在特征吸收,无水半乳糖在2.21,2.33,2.70,2.82,3.17,3.42,3.93,4.51,5.07,5.96,6.60,6.91,8.03,8.71和9.01 THz频率处存在特征吸收。对掺杂不同比例葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖与聚乙烯样品的实验结果做定量分析,发现在测得的上述特征吸收频率处,随化合物样品质量分数的增加,样品的吸收系数或吸光度呈线性递增。实验进一步得到无水葡萄糖与无水果糖在2.96 THz存在共同的特征吸收,无水葡萄糖与无水半乳糖在2.33,2.70和2.82 THz三处存在共同的特征吸收,无水果糖与无水半乳糖在8.00 THz处存在共同的特征吸收,而无水葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖三者在3.20 THz处存在共同的特征吸收。三种化合物具有相同的分子式,所以三者都具有的3.20 THz特征吸收频率主要源于分子内相互作用,反应同分异构体相同的化学键或者基团。三者特征吸收频率的差异主要源于分子结构以及分子间相互作用的不同,代表同分异构体结构以及分子间振动模式的差异。通过分析三种糖类样品的实验测量结果,预测了葡萄糖在4.70,5.30,5.60,5.98,7.03,7.85,8.26,8.71和9.01 THz处存在特征吸收。基于密度泛函理论,采用CASTEP量子化学计算软件对三种化合物进行理论模拟,对样品在THz波段的特征吸收进行指认,计算得到的结果与实验结果吻合,这表明了CASTEP晶体模拟软件在化合物的THz光谱模拟方面应用的可行性。  相似文献   

9.
简要介绍产生治疗放射性核素 (利用反应堆、 加速器或衰变而产生的26个核素、 61种不同反应途径) 核数据的测量、 理论计算与评价的新进展。 这些核素是: 已广泛用于临床的32P, 89Sr, 90Y, 103Pd,125I,131I, 137Cs, 153Sm,186Re,188Re,192Ir和具有很大潜在使用可能性的64Cu,67Cu,67Ga, 86Y, 105Rh,111In,114mIn,124I, 125I(新),149Pm, 166Ho,169Yb,177Lu,211At,213Bi,225Ac。 61种不同反应途径中有6种新的反应途径。 为提高核医学应用的安全性和有效性, 对现有核数据进行评价与适当能区的理论计算是十分必要的。 The nuclear data measurements and preliminary evaluation as well as theoretical calculation for established and emerging 26 radio nuclides produced in 61 ways by using reactor, accelerator or decay are briefly introduced. The measured data evaluation and theoretical calculation in some energy range are very important in order to keep the safety and validity in medical therapeutic applications. The 11 established radio nuclides are 32P, 89Sr, 90Y, 103Pd,125I,131I, 137Cs, 153Sm,186Re,188Re,192Ir and the 16 emerging radio nuclides are 64Cu,67Cu,67Ga, 86Y, 105Rh,111In,114mIn,124I, 125I(new),149Pm, 166Ho,169Yb,177Lu,211At,213Bi,225Ac.  相似文献   

10.
元素在探针表面上的原子化机理研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
探针原子人经法是一种新技术,本文系统地总结了用探针原子化法研究Au(1B),Sr(ⅡA),Cd(ⅡB),Al(ⅢA),La,Sm,Fu(ⅢB),Ge,Sn,Pb(ⅣA),Sb,Bi(ⅤA),V(ⅤB),Cr,Mo(ⅥB),Mn(ⅦB),Fe,Co,Ni,Pt(Ⅷ)等20个元素的原子化机理了起源于卤化物分解的元素有Au与Pt,起源于氧化物分解的元素有Cd,Al,La,Sm,Eu,Ge,Mn与Fe。  相似文献   

11.
A technique for treatment of perforation zones of horizontal oil wells for water cut reduction based on selective ultrasonic treatment was suggested. The technique involves online geophysical studies of horizontal wells, determination of treatment intervals based on these studies, selective ultrasonic treatment of the chosen interval and subsequent pump-out using a specially designed jet pump. The technology does not involve reduction of the flow in the well. The developed innovative technique of water cut reduction using selective ultrasonic treatment is studied within this article. Theoretical estimations and computer modeling revealed that the position of the downhole ultrasonic tool near the sidewall of the well leads to more homogeneous distribution of the induced acoustical field and wider penetration of the acoustical waves. The developed method was tested on a horizontal well in Western Siberia, which was characterized by high water cut. Based on geophysical studies only zones with low water and high oil production were treated, this lead to a decrease of the water cut by 20% and an increase of oil production by 91% after treatment of the test well.  相似文献   

12.
水驱是提高原油采收率的重要方法,我国除四川以外,19个采油区块均采用注水方式开采。由于油藏多孔介质油水多相流动的复杂性,理论和试验研究都存在一定的局限。本文参考油气井工程研究所拍摄的实例照片建立物理模型,经过合理的简化建立数学模型,借助fluent模拟软件进行模拟。模拟结果表明,岩石的润湿性和油、水的界面张力是影响油、水两相流动的重要参数。  相似文献   

13.
A new method for the ultrasonic enhancement of oil recovery from failing wells is described. The technology involves lowering a source of power ultrasound to the bottom of the well either for a short treatment before removal or as a permanent placement for intermittent use. In wells where the permeability is above 20 mD and the porosity is greater than 15% ultrasonic treatment can increase oil production by up to 50% and in some cases even more. For wells of lower permeability and porosity ultrasonic treatment alone is less successful but high production rates can be achieved when ultrasound is applied in conjunction with chemicals. An average productivity increase of nearly 3 fold can be achieved for this type of production well using the combined ultrasound with chemical treatment technology.  相似文献   

14.
岩心水驱油过程中油水分布状况是岩心多孔介质的重要性质. 水驱油过程的研究是进一步进行提高采收率研究的基础. 核磁共振扩散-弛豫二维谱提供了岩心中流体性质的多方面信息,与核磁共振一维弛豫谱相比极大地提高了区分油水的能力. 该文通过2组岩心水驱油实验,从不同含油饱和度的扩散-弛豫二维谱中提取出水的一维弛豫谱,在原油粘度比较高的情况下获得了驱替过程中油水在不同孔隙中的分布状况以及润湿性等信息, 解决了单独用一维弛豫谱方法难以区分油水的问题. 该文的研究方法对油田提高采收率的研究有比较大的参考价值.  相似文献   

15.
准确认识多孔介质内水驱剩余油的微观赋存状态对于改善高含水油田水驱开发效果,提高水驱采收率具有重要意义。在对Volume of Fluid (VOF)方法验证的基础上,充分利用其追踪两相界面动态变化、再现微观渗流物理过程的优势,开展特高含水期砂岩油藏物性条件、驱替方式对剩余油微观赋存特征和采收率的影响研究。通过分析典型孔隙结构的微观渗流特征和剩余油受力情况,揭示不同类型微观剩余油的动用机制和规律:水湿条件下驱替速度的增大和驱替方向的改变会使得微观剩余油分布较为分散且采收率得到不同程度的提高;油湿及高黏度比条件下毛管阻力、黏滞力较大,剩余油多以簇状和多孔状聚集分布,采出程度相对较低。  相似文献   

16.
The regeneration of water wells is an urgent problem nowadays, when drilling of new wells becomes more and more expensive. Formation damage leads to a reduction of the formation's permeability and/or pore volume which in turn inhibits the ability of the water to flow from the reservoir formation into the wellbore. A new technology that uses high-power ultrasound to remove formation damage of water wells has been developed. The effectiveness of regeneration of wells can be enhanced if ultrasound and shockwaves are used during the same treatment. It was shown by computer modelling, that the two methods have different depths of impact. Whereas the ultrasonic method has a strong impact on the area of the filter tube, the impact of the shock waves is focused on the gavel pack, the wall of the well and the adjacent aquifer. A shockwave treatment, which is normally more effective due to larger impact zone, needs to be followed by ultrasonic treatment in order to facilitate the removal of the detached deposits. These theoretical assumptions were confirmed by field tests on two wells. The use of the method leaded to an increase of the production by 40% and 109% respectively.  相似文献   

17.
Ultrasound technique is one of the unconventional enhanced oil recovery methods which has been of interest for more than six decades. However, the majority of the oil recovery mechanisms under ultrasound reported in the previous studies are theoretical. Emulsification is one of the mechanisms happening at the interface of oil and water in porous media under ultrasound. Oppositely, ultrasound is one of the techniques using in oil industry for demulsification of oil/water emulsion. Therefore, the conditions in which emulsification becomes dominant over demulsification under ultrasound should be more investigated. Duration of ultrasound radiation could be one of the factors affecting emulsification and demulsification processes. In this study a technique was developed to investigate the effect of long and short period of ultrasound radiation on emulsification and demulsification of paraffin oil and surfactant solution in porous media. For this purpose, the 2D glass Hele-shaw models were placed inside the ultrasonic bath under long and short period of radiation of ultrasound. A microscope was used above the model for microscopic studies on the interface of oil and water. Diffusion of phases and formation of emulsion were observed in both long and short period of application of ultrasound at the beginning of ultrasound radiation. However, by passing time, demulsification and coalescence of brine droplets inside emulsion was initiated in long period of ultrasound application. Therefore, it was concluded that emulsification could be one of the significant oil recovery mechanisms happening in porous media under short period of application of ultrasound.  相似文献   

18.
Understanding and manipulating geological pore structures is of paramount importance for geo-energy productions and underground energy storages in porous media. Nevertheless, research emphases for long time have been focused on understanding the pore configurations, while few work conducted to modify and restructure the porous media. This study deploys ultrasonic treatments on typical geological in-situ core samples, with follow-up processes of high-pressure mercury injections and nitrogen adsorptions and interpretations from nuclear magnetic resonance and x-ray diffraction. The core permeability and porosity are found to increase by 8.3 mD, from 4.1 to 12.4 mD, and by 0.95%, from 14.03% to 14.98%, respectively. Meanwhile, the number and size of the micro- and mesopore are increased with progressing of ultrasonic treatment, while those of the macropore decrease, which finally increase the permeability and porosity. The increase of micro- and mesopore number, from x-ray diffraction results, is attributed to the migration and precipitation of clay minerals caused through ultrasonic wave. The relocation of clay minerals also helps to improve the pore-throat connectivity and modify the micro-scale heterogeneity. Basically, this study reveals the characterizations of geological pore reconfigurations post-ultrasonic treatments and interprets the associated mechanisms, which provides guidance to manipulate the geological pores and be of benefit for further porous media use in science and engineering.  相似文献   

19.
A well-known complication in the oil reservoir during oil production is asphaltene deposition in and around the production wellbore. Deposition of asphaltene around the production wellbore may cause a significant pressure drop and in turn loss of efficiency in the production process. Various mechanical and chemical methods have been employed in order to reduce asphaltene formation or to eliminate the precipitate. A novel technique which presented a great potential for prevention or elimination of asphaltene is spreading out the high energy ultrasound wave within the oil reservoir. In this study, in a glass micro-model, asphaltene precipitation was first simulated in a transparent porous medium and its removal by application of high energy ultrasound wave was then investigated. To simulate asphaltene precipitation, the micro-model was first saturated with oil and then a normal-pentane was injected. This was followed by flooding the porous media with brine while propagating ultrasound waves (30 kHz and 100 W) to eliminate asphaltene precipitation. The experiment setup was equipped with a temperature controller. The results indicate a significant reduction in asphaltene precipitation in the oil reservoir may be achieved by application of ultrasound energy. Asphaltene particle deposition has been solved reversibly in the oil layer of porous medium and with the oil layering mechanism, the rate of oil production has been increased. In some spots, water/oil emulsion has been formed because of the ultrasonic vibration on the wall. Both the crude and synthetic oils were examined.  相似文献   

20.
This paper deals with the influence of gas law on ultrasonic behaviour of porous media when the saturating fluid is high pressured. Previous works have demonstrated that ultrasonic transmission through a porous sample with variations of the static pressure (up to 18 bars) of the saturating fluid allows the characterization of high damping materials. In these studies, the perfect gas law was used to link static pressure and density, which is disputable for high pressures. This paper compares the effects of real and perfect gas laws on modeled transmission coefficient for porous foams at these pressures. Direct simulations and a mechanical parameters estimation from minimization show that results are very similar in both cases. The real gas law is thus not necessary to describe the acoustic behaviour of porous media at low ultrasonic frequencies (100 kHz) up to 20 bars.  相似文献   

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