GaN表面极性的光电子衍射研究

利用x射线光电子衍射的极角扫描模式,采集了GaN（0001）表面由(1010)和(1120)晶面产生的光电子衍射实验曲线,并运用光电子衍射的前向聚焦效应确定了GaN(0001)表面是Ga在最外层的极性面.利用与能量有关的光电子衍射即角分辨光电发射精细结构谱技术并结合多重散射团簇模型计算对GaN(0001)表面的极化性质进行了研究,进一步证实了GaN表面是Ga在最外层的极性面. 关键词： GaN 表面极性 光电子衍射     

光电子衍射与表面结构分析

光电子衍射是近年来发展成熟的研究外延表面和吸附表面的原子位型、结构、化学键、磁性等物理化学性质的表达分析方法。本概述了其基本原理以及在理论、实践两方面的最新进展,并且具体阐述了在不同的实验条件下光电子衍射基本的数据处理方法,并结合一些近几年发展起来的技术如光电子全息、自旋分辨的光电子衍射（SPPD）、磁二向色性角分布（MDAD）等讨论了光电子衍射在各种低维体系中的应用。     

应用同步辐射光源的表面物理研究—现状与展望

本文综述了应用同步辐射光源的几种主要表面物理研究技术。内容包括:同步辐射光电子能谱(SRPES)、表面广延X射线吸收边精细结构(SEXAFS)、光电子衍射(PED)和掠角入射X射线衍射(GIXD)等。对每种技术的原理、应用实例和最新进展都作了较详细的介绍。     

应用同步辐射光源的表面物理研究—现状与展望

本文综述了应用同步辐射光源的几种主要表面物理研究技术。内容包括:同步辐射光电子能谱(SRPES)、表面广延X射线吸收边精细结构(SEXAFS)、光电子衍射(PED)和掠角入射X射线衍射(GIXD)等。对每种技术的原理、应用实例和最新进展都作了较详细的介绍。     

光电子衍射谱Fourier变换分析方法的垂直单电子束模型

利用垂直单电子束(0,0,束)模型推导了光电子衍射I-V曲线的解析公式。对于系统C(2×2)Se(3d)/Ni(001)进行了数值计算,求出这个系统的光电子衍射谱及“相移”,从“相移”推算出“层距修正”值。另一方面对光电子衍射谱作Fourier变换直接求得“层距修正”。计算表明从两种途径求得的“层距修正”值十分接近,从而证明光电子衍射谱的Fourier变换可能成为表面结构分析的一种直接方法。 关键词：     

光电子衍射

六十年代末,由于超高真空条件的获得,使低能电子衍射仪(LEED)逐渐发展成为实用的表面结构分析手段[1].在理论上,几种LEED的动力学理论也相继出现[2-4].利用LEED实验与理论计算的比较,可以决定长程有序表面结构,但对无序表面结构测定,LEED则无能为力. 七十年代中期开始,人们着手寻找一种新的表面结构分析方法,这种方法以LEED为基础,又弥补了它的不足.LEED的入射电子源是非相干源,如果用单色光激发表面层内原子,使之发射光电子,则这种光电子是相干电子源.光电子在固体中的衍射过程与LEED一样,分析光电子的衍射谱而获得表面原子结…     

InGaAsSb/InP的MBE生长及特性

研究了InP基InGaAsSb外延材料受生长温度和Ⅴ/Ⅲ比的影响。实验中利用高能电子衍射(RHHEED)监测获得了合适的生长温度和Ⅴ/Ⅲ比,采用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线双晶衍射(XRDCD)和光致发光(PL)谱等方法研究了InGaAsSb薄膜材料的表面形貌、结晶质量和发光特性。通过控制生长温度和Ⅴ/Ⅲ比,获得了X射线衍射峰半峰全宽较窄的高质量的外延材料。     

磁性光催化剂TiO2/Fe3O4的制备和表征

以Fe3O4为磁核,制备了易于分离的磁性光催化剂.采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIP)等手段表征催化剂的表面形貌、晶型组成、化学结构等.结果表明,TiO2包覆在Fe3O4表面,且包覆较为牢固.利用降解斯蒂酚酸考察其光催化性能,制得的催化剂具有较高的光催化活性和较好的可分离性.     

有机化凹凸棒土/尼龙6复合材料的光谱分析研究

采用硅烷偶联剂对凹凸棒土进行表面接枝改性,并通过熔融共混技术在双螺杆挤出机上制备了有机化凹凸棒土/尼龙6复合材料.利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性结果和复合材料的晶体结构和微观相貌进行表征.结果表明:改性后凹凸棒土表面Si,N,C元素的质量分数提高,结...     

水热法制备TiO2薄膜的研究

采用水热法在玻璃基片上制备了TiO2薄膜.利用x射线衍射(XRD)、x射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析测试手段对所制备的TiO2薄膜的相结构、表面化学组成及形貌等进行了分析和表征,研究了不同水热条件对所制备TiO2薄膜的光吸收特性的影响.结果表明,所制备的薄膜为锐钛矿型TiO2,均匀、致密、无可视缺陷,具有优异的可见光透过性和紫外吸收特性 关键词： 水热法 TiO2薄膜 比消光度     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.