有源超导限流器

基于电力电子技术与现代控制技术对交流输电系统的阻抗、电压、相位实现灵活快速调节的柔性交流输电技术(FACTS)发展迅速.FACTS技术在对系统的有功功率和无功功率进行灵活控制、抑制系统振荡、减轻系统事故的影响以防止发生连锁反应、提高系统稳定水平等方面发挥了优势.目前,FACTS技术主要是基于电力电子技术与电力电容器有机的结合.而超导技术可以获得体积小、损耗低的电感,电能可以无损耗地直接存储在超导线圈中.因此,将超导技术与电力电子技术及现代控制结合起来,将可以开拓超导电力技术新的应用途径,并可以拓展FACTS技术的内涵.本文探讨基于电力电子技术、现代控制技术和超导技术结合而形成的有源超导限流技术的可行性和原理.有源超导限流技术包括有源超导限流器、超导限流-储能两个方面,本文也将介绍我们在这些方面的最新研究成果.     

基于PWM整流器双闭环控制的超导电磁储能功率调节器的研究

本文基于电压型超导电磁储能系统(Superconducting Magnet Energy Storage,简称SMES)的基本结构和工作原理,结合脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation,简称PWM)整流器的应用,建立了三相电压型PWM整流器控制的超导电磁储能系统的数学模型.设计了具有前馈解耦控制的PWM整流器双闭环控制系统,并运用Mat-lab/Simulink仿真分析软件对基于PWM整流器的超导电磁储能双闭环控制系统进行了仿真研究.仿真结果表明PWM整流器双闭环控制策略应用于SMES电压型SMES功率控制器比直接电流控制等传统的控制策略反应速度更快,向电网注入谐波电流更小,有利于提高了电网的稳定性.     

超导储能系统的失超检测

超导磁体的失超检测与保护是超导电力技术实用化的一个重要课题。文中针对超导储能系统的特点,设计了一套用于超导储能(SMES)磁体的失超检测系统。该系统采用有源功率检测方法,通过对超导磁体上产生的失超信号进行隔离、放大、滤波以及比较等,实现失超信号的检测。实验结果表明,该失超检测系统能够及时准确的检测到失超信号,为超导储能系统的失超保护提供了可靠的前提条件。     

电力安全与超导磁储能系统

随着我国大规模电力系统的逐步形成,电网的安全稳定问题日渐突出,保证电力系统的安全稳定运行已经成为电网发展和运行的重要任务.超导磁储能系统以其对系统功率需求的快速响应特性可以为提高电力系统的稳定性提供新的技术途径,同时对改善电能质量、提高可靠性也有很好的技术优势.本文在简要论证电力安全的重要性的基础上,对SMES提高系统的安全稳定性的优越性进行了分析,并介绍了国家863计划项目"高温超导磁储能系统"的工作进展.     

基于新型开关表的超导储能系统直接功率控制

本文基于直接功率控制技术的原理及其在超导储能系统的应用,通过分析开关矢量在不同扇区中对有功及无功功率的作用,提出一种新的开关表.在此基础上,利用仿真技术分析并比较了传统方法直接功率控制和基于新开关表的直接功率控制的性能.结果表明:基于新的开关表的直接功率控制技术可以改善超导储能直接功率控制系统的性能,非常适用于电压型超...     

1MJ高温超导储能磁体的设计方案研究

微型超导储能系统(SMES)可用于改善电能质量和电力系统的动态稳定性,但在应用中需满足漏磁场的要求,本文主要以储能量为1MJ的超导储能磁体为例,结合多种有源屏蔽型超导储能磁体的结构特点,主要包括轴线平行、组合式环型,研究了有源屏蔽微型超导储能磁体的方案.对以上这两种类型的超导储能磁体进行了优化设计,并对优化结果进行了比较分析.     

1MJ高温超导储能磁体的设计方案研究

微型超导储能系统(SMES)可用于改善电能质量和电力系统的动态稳定性,但在应用中需满足漏磁场的要求,本文主要以储能量为1MJ的超导储能磁体为例,结合多种有源屏蔽型超导储能磁体的结构特点,主要包括轴线平行、组合式环型,研究了有源屏蔽微型超导储能磁体的方案.对以上这两种类型的超导储能磁体进行了优化设计,并对优化结果进行了比较分析.     

基于电力电子低温应用的超导电力集成研究

本文探讨了基于电力电子低温应用的超导电力集成的基本概念,分析了集成设计的基本原理.提出了超导集成低温功率系统应用的三种基础单元:超导集成低温DC/DC单元、超导集成低温AC/DC单元以及超导集成低温整流桥单元.它们将电力电子低温应用与超导电力应用有机的集成了起来,实现了无引线磁体功率系统、电压补偿型超导限流器以及无需偏压源的超导限流器等新的超导电力应用.最后讨论了实现超导集成低温功率系统的关键技术.     

基于三电平PWM整流器的超导储能系统直接功率控制

本文研究了基于三电平PWM整流器超导储能系统直接功率控制策略.分别给出了基于电压定向和虚拟磁链的直接功率控制策略的具体实现方法.根据开关表生成的原理,提出了一种新的三电平PWM整流器直接功率控制的开关表.通过Matlab/Simulink仿真分析软件建立模型,验证了本文提出的开关表的可行性,以及基于三电平PWM整流器超导储能系统直接功率控制策略良好的动静态性能.     

电力安全与超导磁储能系统

随着我国大规模电力系统的逐步形成，电网的安全稳定问题日渐突出，保证电力系统的安全稳定运行已经成为电网发展和运行的重要任务．超导磁储能系统以其对系统功率需求的快速响应特性可以为提高电力系统的稳定性提供新的技术途径，同时对改善电能质量、提高可靠性也有很好的技术优势．本文在简要论证电力安全的重要性的基础上，对SMES提高系统的安全稳定性的优越性进行了分析，并介绍了国家863计划项目“高温超导磁储能系统”的工作进展．     

Application of wavelet-based active power filter in accelerator magnet power supply

Since modern accelerators demand excellent stability to magnet power supply(PS), it is necessary to decrease harmonic currents passing magnets. Aiming at depressing the rappel current from the PS in the Beijing electron-positron collider, a wavelet-based active power filter(APF) is proposed in this paper. An APF is an effective device to improve the quality of currents. As a countermeasure to these harmonic currents, the APF circuit generates a harmonic current, countervailing harmonic current from PS. An active power filter based on wavelet transformation is proposed. Discrete wavelet transformation is used to analyze the harmonic components in the supply current, and an active power filter circuit works according to the analysis results. Our simulation and experiment results are given to prove the effect of the APF.     

基于ip-iq理论的改进谐波检测方法

有源电力滤波器(APF)是电力系统中实现电能质量管理的关键设备,谐波检测作为APF的关键技术之一,检测的精度和响应速度直接决定了APF的整体性能。介绍了传统的基于瞬时无功功率理论的ip-iq谐波电流检测算法; 针对其检测精度受锁相环输出相位误差影响,以及低通滤波器的存在限制了谐波检测系统的响应速度,提出了应用锁频环技术,产生与电网电压同频的单位正余弦信号的一种改进谐波检测算法; 并提出采用滑动平均滤波器(MAF)代替低通滤波器提高其响应速度以及改善谐波检测精度; 对改进的检测算法进行了理论分析,通过MATLAB进行仿真研究,理论分析和仿真结果都证明了该方法的有效性。     

Robust SMES controller design for stabilization of inter-area oscillation considering coil size and system uncertainties

It is well known that the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) is able to quickly exchange active and reactive power with the power system. The SMES is expected to be the smart storage device for power system stabilization. Although the stabilizing effect of SMES is significant, the SMES is quite costly. Particularly, the superconducting magnetic coil size which is the essence of the SMES, must be carefully selected. On the other hand, various generation and load changes, unpredictable network structure, etc., cause system uncertainties. The power controller of SMES which is designed without considering such uncertainties, may not tolerate and loses stabilizing effect. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes the new design of robust SMES controller taking coil size and system uncertainties into account. The structure of the active and reactive power controllers is the 1st-order lead-lag compensator. No need for the exact mathematical representation, system uncertainties are modeled by the inverse input multiplicative perturbation. Without the difficulty of the trade-off of damping performance and robustness, the optimization problem of control parameters is formulated. The particle swarm optimization is used for solving the optimal parameters at each coil size automatically. Based on the normalized integral square error index and the consideration of coil current constraint, the robust SMES with the smallest coil size which still provides the satisfactory stabilizing effect, can be achieved. Simulation studies in the two-area four-machine interconnected power system show the superior robustness of the proposed robust SMES with the smallest coil size under various operating conditions over the non-robust SMES with large coil size.     

超导磁储能装置在风电场中控制策略的研究

超导磁储能装置(SMES)是将超导技术、电力电子技术、控制理论和能量管理技术相结合的一种新型储能装置,它从及时补偿系统中由于各种原因产生的不平衡功率这一新的角度出发,考虑提高电力系统稳定性的问题。理论研究表明:这是一种提高电力系统稳定性有效的新措施。为了促使这一理论的广泛应用,同时进一步提高SMES的可靠性,研究了将超导磁储能装置应用于风电场,可稳定系统输出;并在此基础上,对风电场中超导磁储能装置的关键技术之一——系统的信号选取和控制策略做了研究。最后对其发展趋势进行了介绍。     

Power oscillation suppression by robust SMES in power system with large wind power penetration

The large penetration of wind farm into interconnected power systems may cause the severe problem of tie-line power oscillations. To suppress power oscillations, the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) which is able to control active and reactive powers simultaneously, can be applied. On the other hand, several generating and loading conditions, variation of system parameters, etc., cause uncertainties in the system. The SMES controller designed without considering system uncertainties may fail to suppress power oscillations. To enhance the robustness of SMES controller against system uncertainties, this paper proposes a robust control design of SMES by taking system uncertainties into account. The inverse additive perturbation is applied to represent the unstructured system uncertainties and included in power system modeling. The configuration of active and reactive power controllers is the first-order lead–lag compensator with single input feedback. To tune the controller parameters, the optimization problem is formulated based on the enhancement of robust stability margin. The particle swarm optimization is used to solve the problem and achieve the controller parameters. Simulation studies in the six-area interconnected power system with wind farms confirm the robustness of the proposed SMES under various operating conditions.     

Japanese efforts on coated conductor processing and its power applications: New 5 year project for materials and power applications of coated conductors (M-PACC)

Five years of Japanese national project (FY2003–FY2007) was ended last spring with remarkable success. The national project was originally aimed for development of coated conductors which have high superconductivity performance and long length enough to fabricate high temperature superconducting (HTS) electric power devices. Preliminary research and development of HTS electric power devices were carried out as well. A series of R&D results will be summarized and reviewed in this paper.The new 5 years Japanese national project has started last June (FY2008–FY2012) to develop HTS electric power applications including SMES, cables and transformers and to develop/produce coated conductors satisfying the requirements from the respective power devices. Collaborative R&D efforts by national laboratories, universities and private companies have been started with the supports of NEDO and METI.The accomplishment of the previous project will be summarized and the plans and goals of the new project will be presented in this paper.     

电力系统动模实验用50kJ高温超导储能磁体的设计研究

介绍了 2 0 K下对电力系统动模实验用 5 0 k J高温超导储能磁体的设计步骤 ,给出了用 Bi- 2 2 2 3单根超导带进行5 0 k J磁体线圈的设计和优化结果 ,分析了高温超导体的各向异性对磁体临界电流的影响和磁体漏磁的分布 ,并讨论了用单根高温超导带组成的超导体和用多根高温超导带组成的超导体设计的储能磁体的特性参数对改善电力系统动态特性的能力的影响。     

On the extraction of harmonic power from quasi-optical solid-state power combiner

Quasi-Optical solid-state power combiner using high Q open resonator as its resonating system has high stability of frequency and can combine powers from several devices easier than other combiners. In this paper, the technique of harmonic power extraction from quasi-optical open resonator is analyzed and discussed, finally the possibility of this technique is discussed as well.