GamPn和GamP-n团簇结构及其光电子能谱的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中B3LYP泛函方法，在6—31G^*水平上，对Ga_mP_n(m+n≤5)团簇及其阴离子的几何构型和振动光谱性质进行了研究. 在相同水平下计算了Ga_mP^-_n(m+n≤5)的垂直电离能和Ga_mP_n(m+n≤5)的绝热电子亲核势. 结果表明：单线态稳定结构有较高的对称性，二重态的稳定结构对称性相对较低. 关键词： mP_n和Ga_mP^-_n团簇')" href="#">Ga_mP_n和Ga_mP^-_n团簇 密度泛函理论 光电子能谱     

AlmPn和AlmP

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,在6 311G(d)水平上对AlmPn(m+n=2～6)团簇及其阴 离子的几何构型、电子结构和振动光谱等性质进行了理论研究.计算预测一些过去未知的团簇(例如Al3P-和 AlmPn(m+n≥5)),并认为单聚和二聚的AlP和(AlP)2团簇呈类似Si2和Si4团簇的平面和立体结构,而较大的 AlP团簇则完全不同于含相同电子数的Sin团簇.计算结果表明,单线态稳定结构的对称性比二重态稳定结构的 高.并在相同水平下计算了AlmPn-(m+n=2～6)的垂直电离能和AlmPn(m+n=2～6)的绝热电子亲合能,该结 果合理的解释了最近由Gomez等人报道的磷化铝团簇的阴离子光电子能谱.     

BmPn和BmPn－(m+n≤5)团簇的几何结构与稳定性

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法，在6-31G(d)水平上对BmPn团簇及其阴离子的几何构型、电子结构和振动光谱等性质进行了理论研究.并在相同水平下计算了BmPn－(m+n≤5)的垂直电离能和BmPn(m+n≤5)的绝热电子亲和势.结果表明：BP、B2P2、B3P2、B4P较稳定，而BP2、BP3、B2P3、BP4的稳定性较差; B2P-较容易失去一个电子形成B2P,B3P-和B2P3-的垂直电离能力基本相同.     

Fe_nO_m~+(n+m=4)团簇的构型、电子结构特征和磁性

采用二项式方案构建了FenOm+(n+m=4)团簇的大量可能初始结构.运用广义梯度近似(GGA)密度泛函理论中的PW91交换关联泛函对这些初始结构进行优化和频率分析,得到12个稳定的异构体.在此基础上计算和分析了它们的结合能、对称性、键长、磁矩,最高占据轨道与最低未占据轨道的能隙.发现Fe—O键在FenOm+(n+m=4)团簇的稳定中具有重要作用,团簇的总磁矩主要取决于铁原子的磁矩和各个原子磁矩排布情况.     

BmPn和BmP-n(m+n≤5)团簇的几何结构与稳定性

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6-31G(d)水平上对BmPn(m n≤5)团簇及其阴离子的几何构型、电子结构和振动光谱等性质进行了理论研究.并在相同水平下计算了BmP-n(m n≤5)的垂直电离能和BmPn(m n≤5)的绝热电子亲和势.结果表明:BP、B2P2、B3P2、B4P较稳定,而BP2、BP3、B2P3、BP4的稳定性较差;B2P-较容易失去一个电子形成B2P,B3P-和B2P-3的垂直电离能力基本相同.     

SimCn(m+n≤7)团簇的密度泛函研究

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G*基组水平上对SimCn(m+n≤7)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构. 并对最稳定结构的平均结合能(Eb),二阶能量差分(Δ2E)和能隙(Eg)等进行了理论研究. 结果表明,随着原子个数的增加,SiC二元团簇的结构由线性转变为平面,再转变为三维立体结构,原子数小于5时,除Si5和Si4C外其他所有的团簇都是平面结构;随着C原子增加,SimCn(m+n≤7)团簇的平均单点能不断增加,说明富C簇要比富Si稳定,对Sin团簇掺杂C原子可以提高团簇的稳定性;Cn,SiCn和Si2Cn团簇表现出明显的"奇-偶"振荡和"幻数"效应,Si2C,Si3C, Si5C,SiC2,Si3C2,Si4C2和SiC4团簇比其他团簇更稳定.     

ConPtm (n+m≤7)团簇吸附CO的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似方法,计算了CO与双金属团簇ConPtm (n+m≤7)的相互作用. 结果表明：当n+m≤5时,CO更易于在Co原子的顶部成键. 当5≤n+m≤7时,CO则更易在Pt原子的顶位成键. n+m的值一定时,m的值越大CO越倾向于与Pt原子成键. 磁性分析表明,n+m的值一定时,Co原子数越大,磁矩越大,而Pt原子数越大,CO分子的吸附能越大. CO的吸附能在1.61 eV到3.01 eV之间,其中Pt6∙CO团簇的吸附能最大.     

第一性原理比较研究MnPm(M=Al,Ga,In,2≤n+m≤3)团簇

利用密度泛函理论对MnPm (M=Al,Ga,and In,2≤n+m≤3)团簇的几何和电子结构性质及稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,三原子的MnPm团簇是二重态,而单体则是三重态.富P的MP2团簇是具有C2V对称性的等腰三角形结构,而富M的M2P团簇则是具有Cs对称性的三角形结构.在三原子磷化物团簇中,MP2团簇比M2P团簇稳定,而后者中M-P键的强度比前者强.对于这些小的磷化物团簇,电离势高于裂解能,表明裂解比电离占优势.Ga2P比Al2P和In2P的HOMO-LUMO能隙和电离势都高,归咎于在富金属的M2P团簇中,相对较强的Ga-P键.     

(CoO)_n(n≤6)合金团簇的结构和磁性理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似(DFT-GGA)对(CoO)_n(n≤6)合金团簇进行了系统的几何、电子结构和磁性质研究.研究结果表明(CoO)n(n≤6)团簇最稳定结构除(CoO)6团簇为三维立体结构外,其余团簇均呈二维平面结构,且(CoO)_n(n=1,2,3,4和6)结构均表现明显的钴氧分离特征,而(CoO)5团簇表现明显的Co—Co聚合和O—O分离特征.团簇的总磁矩在n=1,3,4时,以3μB为单元成倍增长,(CoO)5团簇显著降低,减小至1μB,(CoO)6团簇又有所增加,增大至6μB.(CoO)n(n≤6)团簇磁性变化的起因也从电荷转移、磁性耦合、电子差分密度和态密度进行了详细阐释.     

Cd_nO_n(1≤n≤16)团簇光谱与电子性质的含时密度泛函理论研究

采用含时密度泛函理论对CdnOn(1≤n≤16)团簇的吸收光谱,能隙(HOMO-LUMO)及电子性质进行了模拟分析.结果表明,当n≤3时,团簇的最低能量结构为平面结构,当4≤n≤16时,团簇的最低能量结构为三维笼状结构.随着CdnOn(1≤n≤16)团簇尺寸的增大,团簇的吸收光谱逐渐红移,表现出较强的量子尺寸效应.团簇CdnOn(3≤n≤15)的吸收峰主要集中在可见光区.团簇的对称性越高,团簇的吸收峰越集中.     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Atomic and electronic structures and stability of icosahedral nanodiamonds and onions

The relative stability of alternative carbon nanoparticles with icosahedral symmetry, such as diamond-like nanocrystallites and multiwalled fullerenes (onions), is investigated using the parametric model and the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. It is demonstrated that an increase in the size of particles and their hydrogenation favor the stabilization of diamond-like nanocrystallites. The formation of “intermediate” nanostructures consisting of diamond-like nanocrystallites inside the fullerene cage is revealed. The electronic spectra of icosahedral carbon nanoparticles are calculated.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Carriers and sideband pairs and their analogues in physics and Biology

This is a further development of the author's paper A Unified Theory of Biology and Physics. It is found that male and female in biology, as well as particle and antiparticle in physics, are analogues of symmetrical sideband pairs in communication theory. This gives a new point of view from which to investigate the significance and characteristics of these different paired entities.These findings are intimately related to the fact that there are two transform domains of representation of entities in all the cases involved. They are the somatic and the genetic domains in biology, the configuration domain and the domain of conserved observables in physics, and the time and frequency domains in communication.