液晶空间光调制器的调制特性测量

分析了液晶空间光调制器LC2002的工作原理,测量了振幅调制特性和最佳相位调制特性曲线.对经扭曲向列液晶空间光调制后的待测波面进行横向剪切干涉,用CCD记录其干涉图样,采用一维图像分析法得到最大相位调制为0.837π.实验证明液晶空间光调制器可以很好地进行相位调制.     

空间光调制器振幅和相位调制特性的实验研究

本文实验研究了德国Holoeye Photonics AG公司生产的反射型电寻址液晶空间光调制器LCR1080的振幅和相位调制特性。在传统的振幅调制测量方法中引入最佳起偏角的测定,利用直接测量法获得了该空间光调制器精确的振幅调制特性曲线。采用双缝干涉法对空间光调制器的相位调制特性进行了测量,有效地克服了泰曼-格林干涉等方法受环境因素影响较大的缺点。通过改变加载到空间光调制器图像的灰度值,获取其相位延迟与灰度值的非线性关系。这些研究对基于液晶空间光调制器的光信息处理、自适应光学等研究奠定了良好的实验基础。     

快速响应的硅基纯相位液晶器件对动态大气湍流波前的校正能力研究

液晶相位调制器的响应时间延迟是影响液晶自适应光学系统性能的一个主要因素, 为了提高系统的响应速度, 开发了一种快速响应的向列相液晶材料, 并制成了反射式硅基液晶器件(LCOS). 分析了该LCOS的相位调制特性及其对静态畸变波前和扰动波前的校正能力. 首先, 测量了LCOS的电光响应特性, 得出其780 nm相位调制量的响应时间为2 ms. 其次, 测量了LCOS的相位调制特性, 并对相位调制进行了线性化处理. 再次, 测量了用该LCOS搭建的液晶自适应光学系统的闭环和开环3 dB带宽, 它们分别为16和18 Hz. 最后, 给出了开环液晶自适应光学系统校正大气湍流的数值模拟结果, 结果表明. 系统的Strehl比由校正前的0.025上升到了校正后的0.225. 因此, 该液晶自适应光学系统可以对Greenwood频率为30 Hz以下的大气湍流进行较良好的校正.     

利用相关分析法测量空间光调制器的相位调制特性

基于一维干涉条纹图像的相关分析法可实现液晶空间光调制器相位调制特性的测试。给出了XGA2L11型电寻址液晶空间光调制器的相位现场测试原理、测试装置和测试步骤。利用范德卢格特型光电混合相关器对测试结果进行了实验验证。结果表明,该方法具有原理简单、适应性强和精度高等优点。     

基于聚合物网络液晶的近红外波段快响应相位调制器

相位型液晶空间光调制技术已经广泛应用于自适应光学、信息光学等领域,然而一直存在着响应速度较低的问题。为了提高相位型液晶空间光调制器的响应速度,采用聚合物网络液晶制备近红外波段亚毫秒响应相位调制器,并对其光散射特性和瞬态响应特性进行了研究。通过降低聚合反应温度并提高紫外(UV)固化照度,可以降低器件的光散射强度,实现较好的相位调制。在此基础上,初步研究了聚合物网络形貌对最大光散射强度的影响。在高电压加载下,聚合物网络的电致伸缩效应会极大降低聚合物网络液晶的响应速度,使其达到秒级,经分析认为通过采用高介电各向异性的液晶材料可以降低阈值电压,提高器件的响应速度。     

反射式液晶光阀用于激光束空间整形可行性研究

 从理论和实验两方面对一种反射式液晶光阀（LCOS）的调制特性进行了研究。着重研究了在高功率激光系统中，反射式液晶光阀作为空间整形器件面临的一些应用问题，特别是它的各种调制特性、整形能力以及对于光束质量的影响。研究发现，与透射式液晶光阀相比，反射式液晶光阀有着明显的优势，效率达到42%，远远优于透射式液晶光阀10%的效率，从而能够实现系统的大幅度简化，是一种非常有潜力的空间光调制器件。     

液晶相息图用于光学检测

根据液晶的动态响应和位相调制特性,研究了一种利用液晶显示器进行光学检测的检测方法.实验中,把液晶显示器改造为纯位相的空间光调制器,并测定了它的位相调制特性.实验测得：改造后的液晶显示器可实现1 λ(λ=632.8 nm)的调制量.通过引入相息图的方法,实现了液晶空间光调制器的大位相调制量.并产生了调制量为3.4 λ的球面波.最后,利用液晶显示器检测了凸透镜的前表面.检测结果发现,干涉条纹为平行直条纹且PV值为0.32λ.     

横向剪切干涉法共路测量LCSLM的相位调制特性

提出一种测量扭曲向列液晶空间光调制器的相位调制特性的新方法——横向剪切干涉法.对经扭曲向列液晶空间光调制器调制后的待测波面进行横向剪切干涉,用CCD记录其干涉图样,并用最小能量算法计算其波面的相位分布,从而测得扭曲向列液晶空间光调制器的相位调制曲线.该方法对振动、空气扰动不敏感,对测量环境要求不高.给出了TN-LCSLM不同调制状态下相位调制幅度的三维轮廓图.     

高精度纯相位液晶空间光调制器的研究

研制了平行排列液晶空间光调制器（LC SLM）。论述了平行排列液晶相位调制的理论,进行了计算模拟。对液晶空间光调制器相位调制特性和振幅调制特性进行了测量,实验结果表明,在整个灰度级范围内是纯相位调制的空间光调制器,并且调制的范围可达到0．6λ。在ZYGO菲佐干涉仪上进行了精度特性的研究,得到了非常好的结果,在1cm^2的面积上,进行了畸变波前的调制,其精度峰谷值可达0．098λ,均方根值可达0．017λ。在此精度的基础上产生了π相位差的栅结构,证明了这种液晶空间光调制器可以很好的进行相位调制。     

在光学相关器中测试滤波空间光调制器的相位调制特性

研究了在范德卢格特型光电混合相关器中,利用朗奇光栅图像替代实物光栅测试滤波空间光调制器相位调制特性的原理和方法.对XGA2L11型空间光调制器的相位调制特性进行了现场测试,并对测试结果进行了误差分析和光学相关实验验证.结果表明,该方法不需要单独构建测量装置而是完全在相关器的工作状态下测试,保证了空间光调制器的特性测试结果和实际工作性能的一致性.     

Universal generation of higher-order multiringed Laguerre-Gaussian beams by using a spatial light modulator

Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams of various higher-order radial modes are generated by using a reflective phase-only liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) spatial light modulator (SLM). Because of the LCOS SLM's phase-modulation characteristic of a wide spatial bandwidth, a phase modulation scheme effectively generates higher-order LG beams of up to the fifth-order radial mode. We also perform correlation analyses between the observed and the theoretical two-dimensional mode profiles to universally obtain correlation coefficients of more than 0.946, which suggest mode generations of high quality.     

Phase Modulation Characteristics Analysis of Optically-Addressed Parallel-Aligned Nematic Liquid Crystal Phase-Only Spatial Light Modulator Combined with a Liquid Crystal Display

An optically addressed parallel-aligned nematic-liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (PAL-SLM) has been studied as a dynamic phase-only light modulation device. The phase modulation characteristics of the PAL-SLM using a liquid crystal display (LCD) as an addressing mask were investigated by analyzing diffraction efficiencies resulting from binary gratings projected from the LCD. A more than 2π phase-only modulation depth was achieved. The highest first-order diffraction efficiency of approximately 38% was also obtained; this is close to the theoretical limit. The experimental results of diffraction efficiencies depending on the phase modulation depth are in good agreement with the simulation for the system operation.     

Oblique-Incidence Characteristics of a Parallel-Aligned Nematic-Liquid-Crystal Spatial Light Modulator

We have developed optically-addressed and electrically-addressed liquid crystal spatial phase-only light modulators having no pixelized structures. We obtained a large depth of phase-only modulation and high diffraction efficiency based on the electro-optical characteristics of a parallel-aligned nematic liquid crystal. These spatial light modulators (SLM) are of the reflection type, so there would be a loss of power in the readout light from the half mirror, which was set up so as to separate the incident and reflected lights. To optimize the characteristics of a reflection type spatial phase-only light modulator, we have proposed an oblique incident optical readout setup. We have examined the effect of conditions such as the polarization direction and the incidence angle of the readout light, and the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the SLM. High diffraction efficiency close to the theoretical maximum value was obtained by adjusting the above conditions. The simulation analysis can well explain the experimental results of phase modulation.     

High Efficiency Electrically-Addressable Phase-Only Spatial Light Modulator

To realize a high efficiency electrically addressable phase-only modulator, we have coupled a liquid crystal display (LCD) to an optically addressed parallel-aligned nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator (PAL-SLM) with a set of lenses. Phase modulation exceeding 3ϖ at 532 nm wavelength was obtained. We obtained linear transfer characteristics for phase modulation at various desired phase levels after calibration and adjustment of the transfer characteristics of the PAL-SLM and the LCD. Diffraction efficiency of 40% for binary phase grating and of 90% for 8-level blazed phase grating, which were very close to the simulation values, were observed. The power loss of the readout light was caused when passed through a half mirror, therefore, we examined a setup using an oblique readout light at the modulator. Very high diffraction efficiency was obtained from the setup by optimizing the polarization direction and optical path for this light, and the orientation of liquid crystals. Since the modulator can perform at better than 90% diffraction efficiency and at nearly 100% reflectivity, various high efficiency systems utilizing such modulators are expected.     

Microscope system with on axis programmable Fourier transform filtering

We propose an on-axis microscope optical system to implement programmable optical Fourier transform image processing operations, taking advantage of phase and polarization modulation of a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display. We use a Hamamatsu spatial light modulator (SLM), free of flickering, which therefore can be tuned to fully eliminate the zero order component of the encoded diffractive filter. This allows the realization of filtering operation on axis (as opposed to other systems in the literature that require operating off axis), therefore making use of the full space bandwidth provided by the SLM. The system is first demonstrated by implementing different optical processing operations based on phase-only blazed gratings such as phase contrast, band-pass filtering, or additive and substractive imaging. Then, a simple Differential interference contrast (DIC) imaging is obtained changing to a polarization modulation scheme, achieved simply by selecting a different incident state of polarization on the incident beam.     

Hyperresolving phase-only filters with an optically addressable liquid crystal spatial light modulator

Hyperresolving (sometimes called 'superresolving' or 'ultraresolving') phase-only filters can be generated using an optically addressable liquid crystal spatial light modulator. This approach avoids the problems of low efficiency, and coupling between amplitude and phase modulation, that arise when using conventional liquid crystal modulators. When addressed by a programmed light intensity distribution, it allows filters to be changed rapidly to modify the response of a system or permit the investigation of different filter designs. In this paper we present experimental hyperresolved images obtained using an optically addressable parallel-aligned nematic LCD with two zone Toraldo type phase-only filters. The images are compared with theoretical predictions.     

Full-range, complex spatial light modulator for real-time holography

We demonstrate a full-range complex and transmissive spatial light modulator (SLM) for simultaneous and independent amplitude and phase modulation of an input wave field. Arbitrary scalar complex optical fields are generated by stacking a pixelated liquid crystal display operating in phase-only (2π) modulation with passive polarization-sensitive components. The principle is based on optical combining the light fields of two neighboring phase-only modulating pixels, which were made orthogonally polarized by a structured half-wave plate, then passing through a birefringent plate to laterally shift one of the beams collinear to the other, and finally bringing to interference by a linear polarizer. Complex modulation by the proposed SLM is experimentally verified in monochrome green operation.