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1.
用双周期光纤光栅实现温度和应变的同时测量   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了光纤光栅传感器的一般原理,分析了长周期光纤光栅和Bragg光纤光栅的应变和温度响应机理。结果表明,长周期光纤光栅和Bragg光纤光栅的温度和应变灵敏度不仅与纤芯参数和光栅周期有关,还依赖于包层参数。在同一根光纤上先后写入长周期光纤光栅、Bragg光纤光栅,利用长周期光纤光栅和Bragg光纤光栅基模与包层模耦合时温度和应变灵敏度的不同,实现应变和温度的同时测量。  相似文献   

2.
采用正弦微窗光栅的位移传感器   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研制了一种新型的光栅位移传感器,它采用了一种被作者称为正弦微窗光栅的新元件作为指示光栅,用于消除光栅信号中的高次谐波,所为正弦微穿光栅是一种由许多微小的正弦穿孔排列组成的光栅。介绍了采用光学图形发生器和刻蚀镀膜工艺制造这种光栅的方法。并将制成的正弦微穿光栅用于光栅位移传感器的设计。实验表明,新型传感器能够很好地抑制光栅信号中的高次谐波,可将高次谐波总旧降至基波的2%以下。  相似文献   

3.
光栅刻线误差与基底面型误差影响平面光栅衍射波前、分辨本领、鬼线、卫线及杂散光等光谱性能,研究光栅性能指标与光栅刻线误差及基底加工误差之间的因果关系,对提高光栅质量极为重要。根据光栅衍射中产生的源于刻线误差与面型误差的光程差,推导出了在光栅锥面衍射情况下的光栅刻线误差、基底面型误差、入射角θ、衍射级次m与衍射波前关系的数学表达式,得到构建非理想光栅衍射波前的理论模型。以理论模型为依据,采用干涉仪测量光栅对称级次衍射波前,实现在测量结果中对光栅刻线误差与基底面型误差的分离,并基于二维快速傅里叶变换分析光栅衍射波前,考察了刻线误差与面型误差对光栅性能指标的影响。借助此方法通过重构的光栅衍射波前,分析光栅分辨本领、鬼线等光谱性能,还可以反演光栅全表面刻线误差与面型误差的大小,为光栅基底加工、光栅制造和使用技术提供理论依据。  相似文献   

4.
王志斌  张骞  张健  刘丽君 《发光学报》2013,34(12):1624-1630
为了提高GaN基LED的光提取效率,构建了一种在金属银膜上下表面分别刻蚀光栅结构的双光栅LED模型。利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)进行数值模拟,比较了无银膜、无光栅、单光栅、双光栅模型下LED的光提取效率。结果表明:在光栅周期为300 nm,占空比为0.23,银膜厚度为30 nm,光源深度为150 nm时,光提取效率较单光栅结构提高了6倍,较无光栅结构提高了16倍。  相似文献   

5.
金纳米颗粒掺杂光致聚合物在全息曝光过程中,光产物周期分布会形成折射率调制相位型主光栅,同时金纳米颗粒周期分布形成由局域表面等离子体共振引起强吸收的振幅型辅助光栅。研究基于耦合波理论的一种混合光栅模型,分析了光栅的体全息光学特性。结果表明,混合光栅中的折射率光栅和吸收光栅都能够提升体光栅的衍射效率; 体光栅的角度选择性也可以得到明显的改善。  相似文献   

6.
在785 nm激励的拉曼片上传感器结构中,氮化硅片上光栅耦合器的性能直接关系到激励光的耦合效果。首先建立了光栅耦合器的二维、三维结构模型,采用时域有限差分(FDTD)仿真软件对光栅耦合器进行数值分析。以耦合效率为主要性能指标,分析了光源入射角度、光栅常数、光栅高度、填充因子和光栅刻蚀深度各参数的影响。采用电子束光刻法制备了光栅耦合器。最后,对三维全刻蚀聚焦波导光栅耦合器进行了测试。结果表明,二维波导光栅耦合器的性能最好,其耦合效率可达39.64%,三维全刻蚀聚焦波导光栅耦合器在实际测试中的耦合效率能达19.91%。光栅耦合器能有效将光耦合进波导中,在波导传感中具有潜在的应用。  相似文献   

7.
针对透射光栅的减反射技术、ICF系统使用的多用途光栅的性质以及部分相干光在光栅中传输的特性等方面进行了详细的分析和模拟计算,较为系统的研究了用于ICF的光栅特性。针对透射光栅的表面反射不利因素,将光栅的工作角度设置到布儒斯特角附近,利用光束成布儒斯特角入射具有的特殊性质可以达到减反射的目的。计算结果显示,对长周期的透射光栅,将其设置到布儒斯特角附近工作能降低光栅的反射率,特别是总反射率可以明显降低。ICF系统中的色分离光栅可以考虑试用这种方案减反射;对周期在波长附近的短周期光栅也能实现减反射,并能保证更高的一级衍射效率,但布儒斯特角的设置使得TM入射波的一级衍射效率的极值出现在光栅刻槽深度为102的地方,相对TE波,其深度周期被大大推迟,在实际应用中应综合考虑。  相似文献   

8.
光纤光栅的温度补偿   总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16  
提出了一种简单、小型的光纤光栅温度补偿器件,将光纤光栅粘贴在具有负热膨胀系数的材料上,实现了光纤光栅的温度补偿。该器件在-20~44℃温度范围内光栅波长变化0.08m,是未补偿光纤光栅的1/8。  相似文献   

9.
透射光栅衍射率的实验标定和数值计算   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
杨家敏  崔明启 《光学学报》1996,16(11):631-1635
简要介绍了实验室中使用的三种透射光栅的结构,在北京同步辐射源上实验标定了这些光栅的相对衍射效率。借助于光栅模型,得到了光栅的重要结构参数,并对光栅的绝对衍射效率进行模拟计算和讨论。  相似文献   

10.
白清顺  孙浩  李玉海  张鹏  杜云龙 《强激光与粒子束》2022,34(8):081002-1-081002-13
总结了激光辐射条件下脉冲压缩光栅的激光诱导损伤机理,探究了表面形貌、加工方式、结构缺陷以及表面污染等因素对光栅损伤造成的影响,从微观损伤机理的角度阐释了产生损伤的内在原因。在脉冲压缩光栅的激光预处理、加工工艺及表面污染物的去除等方面,分析了实现光栅损伤阈值提升的内在因素,给出了提升光栅损伤阈值的技术措施。根据影响光栅损伤阈值的因素,提出在光栅运行过程中采用多种措施组合的方式来提升光栅的激光诱导损伤阈值。脉冲压缩光栅激光损伤机理和阈值的研究对脉冲压缩光栅系统的稳定运行具有实践意义,为激光装置高能量密度的输出奠定基础。最后,提出了光栅激光诱导损伤研究的科学与技术问题,为脉冲压缩光栅激光诱导损伤阈值的提升提供新的思路,服务于重大科学装置和重要技术领域的发展。  相似文献   

11.
Advancing age produces physiologic changes that may alter voice. Some of these changes are inevitable; others may be avoidable or reversible. In addition, many treatable medical conditions may cause voice changes similar to those of aging. It is essential that all voice care providers be familiar with the expected changes of aging, and be alert to reversible conditions that may adversely affect phonation and be mistaken for presbyphonia.  相似文献   

12.
The main interpretations of the quantum-mechanical wave function are presented emphasizing how they can be divided into two ensembles: The ones that deny and the other ones that attribute a form of reality to quantum waves. It is also shown why these waves cannot be classical and must be submitted to the restriction of the complementarity principle. Applying the concept of smooth complementarity, it is shown that there can be no reason to attribute reality only to the events and not to the wave or to the initial state of a given system. Thereafter, an experiment proposed by the authors is presented, where it is shown that the wave-like behaviour allows predictions that are not allowed on the grounds of a particle-like behaviour. In conclusion, we upheld that quantum waves must be real even if they do not belong to the same ontological level of events, which connected with particle detections.Institute of Philosophy, University of Urbino, Urbino 610 29, Italy; tarizzi@uniurb.it  相似文献   

13.
We study the role of entanglement and non-locality in quantum protocols that make use of systems of identical particles. Unlike in the case of distinguishable particles, the notions of entanglement and non-locality for systems whose constituents cannot be distinguished and singly addressed are still debated. We clarify why the only approach that avoids incongruities and paradoxes is the one based on the second quantization formalism, whereby it is the entanglement of the modes that can be populated by the particles that really matters and not the particles themselves. Indeed, by means of a metrological and of a teleportation protocol, we show that inconsistencies arise in formulations that force entanglement and non-locality to be properties of the identical particles rather than of the modes they can occupy. The reason resides in the fact that orthogonal modes can always be addressed while identical particles cannot.  相似文献   

14.
Metasurfaces have been receiving increasing interest due to the complex array of radiation controlling properties that are possible with single-layer films. This talk and work will focus on metasurfaces that can provide light filtering according to wavelength, polarization, and other properties of an incident beam, and applied to a variety of sensors. Also, metasurfaces that exhibit light trapping and localization that can be used for energy generation will be described. One last group of metasurfaces will be discussed that display complex dispersion curves that exhibit fast- and slow-light properties that can be used to study the complex electromagnetic phenomena.  相似文献   

15.
北京SARS疫情走势的模型分析与预测   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
王正行  张建玮  唐毅南 《物理》2003,32(5):341-344
北京SARS疫情的公布数据表明,4月下旬以来,确诊病例的相对增加率随累计确诊病例数的增加而下降.假设这是一个线性关系,并且一直持续下去,我们发现疫情走势是一个反转的Fermi-Dirac分布,根据现有的公布数据可以预期北京平均每日新增病例数将在5月中旬下降到50人以下,在5月下旬下降到10人以下,在6月上旬下降到1人左右,疫情可望在6月中得到控制,最后的累计病例总数约为3千人左右。  相似文献   

16.
Using the accurate expression of the Fourier transform of the pure Voigt spectral line profile, we present the principle of the passive optical method to measure temperature, velocity, and pressure of atmospheric wind for the Voigt profile. Through discussion, from the Gaussian, Lorentzian and Voigt profiles, we find that velocity will not be affected, pressure can be derived for Lorentzian and Voigt profiles, and temperature will be affected greatly. By simulation and comparison, we find that temperature derived from the Voigt profile is greater than that from the Gaussian profile, and it is less than that from the Lorentzian profile. This discussion will be significant in accurate upper atmospheric wind measurement.  相似文献   

17.
One way to design a catalyst begins with a consideration of thereaction mechanism to the desired product so that only the chemistryrequired of that mechanism will be present on the surface. The reactionmechanism will suggest the structure(s) to be developed on the surface whichshould be stabilized against changes during operation. We believe that thisideal may be approached by decorating surfaces or porous powders with amonolayer of metal complexes having the desired structures. These complexesmay be partially decomposed to develop a high dispersion of the supportedmetal oxide.  相似文献   

18.
We propose a multiparty quantum cryptographic protocol. Unitary operators applied by Bob and Charlie, on their respective qubits of a tripartite entangled state encoding a classical symbol that can be decoded at Alice's end with the help of a decoding matrix. Eve's presence can be detected by the disturbance of the decoding matrix. Our protocol is secure against intercept resend attacks. Furthermore, it is eifficient and deterministic in the sense that two classical bits can be transferred per entangled pair of qubits. It is worth mentioning that in this protocol, the same symbol can be used for key distribution and Eve's detection that enhances the etfficiency of the protocol.  相似文献   

19.
In this paper, the hypothetical existence of tachyons is re-examined. It has previously been doubted whether tachyons would exist, for it can be shown with the space-time diagram used in the Special Theory of Relativity that they are moving backward in time for some moving systems, and this would contradict the principle of causality. Some scientists tried to save the tachyon theory by using the so-called reinterpretation principle, but it is considered that this can be easily refuted. This paper shows that it can be concluded from the Einstein-Planck frequency relation and the de Broglie wave equation that the absolute value of the mass of the tachyons must be much lower than the rest mass of the electrons-nearly zero. But that means that they do not have any measurable energy if they move with a finite value aboutc. But if tachyons withv>c cannot be measured they cannot cause causality paradoxes. The low mass of the tachyons has also consequences for experimental search, and it will be shown that the previous search was doomed to failure. The limits of the photo-production cross-section for tachyons in lead can be given as 1.5·10?32?σ<7·10?31 cm2. Further, it can be shown that the kinetic energy of the tachyons is identical to their total energy. We see that tachyons cannot be regarded as ‘faster than light particles’ — they are more a new kind of luxons. If they were to be uncharged it would be nearly impossible to distinguish them from this class of particles.  相似文献   

20.
In this work we will present theoretical arguments that explain why the nematic phase exhibits a universal behavior encompassing its entire range. By considering that the physical properties of the nematic molecules can be written as a product of two distinct terms, being the first a compound dependent term and the another a function characterizing the nematic phase, it will be shown that it is possible to remove from the experimental data the particularities characterizing an specific compound and a universal behavior is obtained. Furthermore, it will be shown that these universalities should be a direct consequence of a more fundamental universality, the universal geometrical shape of the nematic molecules.  相似文献   

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