光学相关论题 生物光学

Q63 2005043193 平稳状态下匹配介质三层漫射方程的空间分辨漫反射= Spatially resolved scattered reflection of three-layered matched media diffusion equation in the steady-state[刊, 中]／王喜昌(烟台大学光电信息技术学院,山东,烟台 (264005)),宫彦军…／／光学学报,-2005,25(3),-377- 381 根据漫射方程理论,在平稳状态条件下,使用外推边界条件,精确给出了匹配介质中平稳状态下三层体系光的漫射方程格林函数的解。通过此解,可以算出空间分辨漫     

不匹配介质三层漫射方程的时间分辨漫反射

生物体的表面组织是一个不匹配的多层介质,大多数研究人员研究匹配介质的漫射方程,将组织表面看作折射率相同的介质。为更好的理解光在生物体内的传播,建立了不匹配条件的三层半无限厚频域方程的解;并对频域进行傅里叶变换,计算出时域的时间分辨漫反射。为了验证此的理论,使用蒙特卡罗方法进行仿真研究,结果表明该理论研究不仅和蒙特卡罗方法高度一致,而且还可以解决两层不匹配介质模型。     

光在半无限厚多层矩形生物组织中的稳态漫射方程

传统的漫射方程均假设生物组织在纵向上是半无限厚的,横向上是无限大的。针对某些在横向上不是无限大的生物组织(如前臂和手指),建立了一个任意多层矩形生物组织漫射模型,该模型假设生物组织在纵向上是半无限厚的、多层的,在横向上是个矩形。在矩形边界条件下,根据光在生物介质中传播的漫射方程,结合外推边界条件,建立并给出了光在半无限厚稳态多层矩形介质中的漫射方程的精确解,利用建立的模型计算了空间分辨漫反射,同时编写相应的蒙特卡罗模拟程序,验证方程的正确性。建立的方程不但能解决横向上是矩形的介质问题,还能解决横向上无限大、纵向上半无限厚的介质问题,更能解决在横向上x或y轴之一是无限大、另一个轴是有限大小的组织问题。     

光在多层匹配生物组织中的时域传输模型

建立了匹配介质的n层半无限厚频域方程的解，并对频域进行傅里叶变换，计算出时域方程的时间分辨漫反射（Time-resolved Reflectance）.为检验漫射模型的准确性,将时间分辨漫反射与蒙特卡罗（Monte Carlo）模拟结果进行了比较,结果表明两者符合得很好.研究表明：该时域漫射模型可以判断生物组织和病变的光学特性.     

光学应用 光学医学应用

O436.2 2007054988光在多层不匹配介质中的稳态传输=Steady-state photontransport in multi-layered mismatched medium[刊,中]/王喜昌(烟台大学光电信息学院.山东,烟台(264005)) ,范文强…//光学精密工程.? 2007 ,15(5) .? 656-661分析了光在多层不匹配折射率介质中的漫射方程,给出了精确的漫射方程解。用蒙特卡罗方法检验了稳态的漫射方程。通过与多层介质的空间分辨漫反射蒙特卡罗方法的比较,验证了方法的正确性。讨论了有限尺寸光源和折射率的变化对空间分辨漫反射的影响。实验结果表明,折射率的变化对漫射的影响会因折射率的不同而不…     

基于P3近似的空间分辨漫反射研究

光源附近组织的空间分辨漫反射是近年来生物医学光子学领域的一个研究热点,其目的是发展一种能够测定活体生物组织光学参量的新技术。漫射近似理论研究光源附近组织的空间分辨漫反射具有很大局限性。P3近似理论考虑了相函数的三阶矩,能较准确地描述光源附近组织的光辐射分布。研究了基于P3近似的空间分辨漫反射,从输运理论的PN方程组出发,导出了P3近似方程组和P3近似的格林函数解;阐述了漫射近似与P1近似的关系,给出了外推边界条件下,准直光束近似后的P3近似漫反射率的完整表示,讨论了相函数二阶参量对P3近似漫反射的影响,并与漫射近似和蒙特卡罗模拟结果进行了比较,指出了P3近似的应用范围。     

光学生物学应用

Q632007010993基于P3近似的空间分辨漫反射研究=Study of spatially resolved diffuse reflection based on P3 approximation[刊,中]/高宗慧(天津大学理学院光电信息技术科学教育部重点实验室.天津(300072)),刘迎…//光学学报.—2006,26(8).—1220-1225漫射近似理论研究光源附近组织的空间分辨漫反射具有很大局限性。P3近似理论考虑了相函数的三阶矩,能较准确地描述光源附近组织的光辐射分布。研究了基于P3近似的空间分辨漫反射,从输运理论的PN方程组出发,导出了P3近似方程组和P3近似的格林函数解;阐述了漫射近似与P3近似的关系,给出…     

光在两层平板介质中传输的时域P3方程

生物表面组织是多层介质,目前只有光在单层介质中传输的P3方程,本文给出了光在两层平板介质中传播的P3方程的时域解,编写蒙特卡罗模拟进行验证。结果表明P3时域方程与蒙特卡罗模拟符合很好,说明双层平板介质的P3方程正确地反映了光子在介质中的迁移。与扩散时域方程相比,在峰值位置附近,P3时域方程测量的反射率和透射率更加准确,在远离峰值时,P3方程与扩散方程结果一致。双层平板介质的P3时域方程扩展了P3方程的应用范围,可以替代扩散方程,也可以代替单层平板介质的P3方程,可以更好地研究光在生物组织中的传播过程。     

两层生物组织光学特性参数无损测量的模拟研究

生物组织的光学特性参数是与疾病的无损光诊断有关的重要的光学参数，一般的测量所应用的模型是假设生物组织为半无限厚的均匀结构。为了更能反映生物组织的真实特性，本文应用两层结构模型，即假设第一层为有限厚的均匀组织，第二层为半无限厚，由漫射方程经过傅立叶变换得到传输方程的漫射解。为检验漫射解的准确性，将漫射解的表面漫射光分布与Monte Carlo模拟结果进行了比较，结果表明两者符合得很好。为了研究由漫射解是否可以获得两层组织的光学特性参数，将漫射解与Monte Carlo模拟数据进行了非线性拟合，反演获得组织的光学特性参数，结果表明，由漫射解可以获得两层组织的有效散射系数和吸收系数。     

漫射近似理论的有效使用范围分析

利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了半无限大生物组织内部深度分辨的光能流率的分布情况。分析了漫射近似理论的有效使用范围。当组织厚度大于 3/ 2个光子的平均自由程时 ,应用漫射近似理论能得到很好的结果 ,反之 ,漫射理论不能使用。也就是说 ,当组织厚度z >0 1875cm时 ,应用漫射理论能得到很好的结果 ;当组织厚度z <0 1875cm时 ,漫射理论不能使用     

The Study of the Diffuse Equation About a Three-Layered Matched Medium

Near-IR radiation is often utilized to detect the properties in tissues, up to now, a semi-infinite medium photon migration model and a two-layered turbid medium model are applied widely. But the solution is approximate. In this paper, According to the diffusion equation, employing the extrapolated boundary condition, we analyze the diffusion of photons of a three-layered matched medium, set up the accurate solution of the diffuse equation. In order to validate our solution, we apply the Monte-Carlo simulation of the time domain and the steady-state, we find that the solution of a three-layered matched medium diffusion equation not only accord with the Monte-Carlo simulation. The solution can still solve the problems of a two-layered turbid medium model and a semi-infinite medium photon migration model     

The Steady-State Spatially Resolved Reflectance of a Three-Layered Mismatched Medium

Near-IR radiation is often utilized to detect the properties in tissues, up to now, a semi-infinite medium photon migration model and a two-layered turbid medium model are applied widely. In this paper, we set up the steady-state photon diffusion model of three-layered mismatched medium. We utilize the diffuse equation to solve a three-layered mismatched medium and obtain the accurate solution of a three-layered mismatched medium of the steady state in tissue. We find that the solution of a three-layered mismatched medium diffusion equation not only accord with the Monte-Carlo simulation, but can still solve the problems of a two-layered turbid medium model.     

The Infrared Ray Transport in an N-Layered Matched Skin

Infrared ray (IR) has great potential in medical diagnosis and therapy. In order to detect tumor in skin, we set up the steady-state and time domain IR diffusion model of an n-layered matched medium with an infinitely thick. We utilize the diffuse equation to solve a five-layered infinite matched medium and obtain the accurate solution of a matched medium of the steady state and time domain in tissue. We compare the steady-state spatially resolved reflectance calculated with Monte-Carlo simulations. The Monte-Carlo simulation shows that the solution is valid. Our equation can be used to obtain the tumor information in medical diagnosis and therapy.     

Modeling of Raman-Scattering Signals in Biological Tissues by Direct and Two-Step Approaches

A search for an effective method of modelling of the Raman-spectroscopy problem in turbid (scattering) media has been performed taking into account the corresponding parameters of the detector and sample volume. A solution of the radiative-transfer equation by Monte-Carlo method underlies the proposed model. Two fundamental approaches to numerical modeling of Raman scattering are considered: the direct transport problem of Rayleigh and Raman photons at each point of the medium and the two-step model, in which a photon flux in the medium is calculated in the first stage, followed by generation of the corresponding number of Raman photons at each point.     

Finite element approximation of the Fokker-Planck equation for diffuse optical tomography

In diffuse optical tomography, light transport theory is used to describe photon propagation inside turbid medium. A commonly used simplification for the radiative transport equation is the diffusion approximation due to computational feasibility. However, it is known that the diffusion approximation is not valid close to the sources and boundary and in low-scattering regions. Fokker-Planck equation describes light propagation when scattering is forward-peaked. In this article a numerical solution of the Fokker-Planck equation using finite element method is developed. Approach is validated against Monte Carlo simulation and compared with the diffusion approximation. The results show that the Fokker-Planck equation gives equal or better results than the diffusion approximation on the boundary of a homogeneous medium and in turbid medium containing a low-scattering region when scattering is forward-peaked.     

Photon-transport forward model for imaging in turbid media

A photon-transport forward model for image reconstruction in turbid media is derived that treats weak inhomogeneities through a Born approximation of the Boltzmann radiative transfer equation. This model can conveniently replace the commonly used diffusion approximation in optical tomography. An analytical expression of the background Green's function is obtained from the cumulant solution of the Boltzmann equation. Our model provides the correct behavior of photon migration at early times and reduces at long times to the center-moved diffusion approximation. Numerical comparisons between this model and the standard and center-moved diffusion models are presented.     

模拟短脉冲激光在介质中传输的扩散综合有限元法

建立有限元模型,通过求解瞬态辐射传输方程模拟短脉冲激光在半透明介质中的传输.针对散射占优性半透明介质内辐射传输求解效率较差的问题,采用扩散综合加速迭代算法,提高计算效率,缩短计算时间.结果表明:采用精确解析式描述脉冲激光散射源项的求解策略可以获得准确的计算结果,精确地模拟快速变化的波前,不会产生数值扩散和数值振荡.此外,扩散综合迭代算法的计算时间仅为源项迭代的50%~60%.     

The diffusion coefficient depends on absorption

The diffusion approximation is widely invoked to model the propagation of light in turbid media. When absorption is not weak in comparison with scattering, there is currently a controversy as to if, and how, the diffusion coefficient depends on absorption. Here it is shown that better agreement with random walk simulation is obtained if the photon-diffusion coefficient is taken as D=c/(3micro(s)(')+micro(a)) . One can reconcile this result with recent work advocating D=c/3micro(s)(') by noting that the diffusion equation must be correspondingly changed to a telegrapher's equation.