基于Harris角点全局运动估计的场景锁定算法

场景锁定技术是视频跟踪领域的一个关键技术,需要对图像的全局运动进行估计,常用的运动估计算法由于计算量大、对噪声敏感等因素很难得到实际应用。为了减少运动估计的计算量,提高全局运动估计的精度,提出了一种基于Harris角点全局运动估计的场景锁定方法。将图像分成4×4的16个块,选取每个块中响应值最大的角点,以参考图像角点周围矩形块与待匹配图像进行匹配,然后利用RANSAC算法对角点进行一致性检测,利用最小二乘法解算全局运动参数,最后计算图像之间的累积运动。实验结果表明,该算法运动估计精度高,稳定性好,能较好地实现场景锁定。     

融合多种特征的烟雾图像检测算法

提出了一种融合烟雾模糊、扩散、主方向角等多种特征的烟雾检测算法。首先对图像进行运动区域提取,在对图像进行二维离散小波变换和四元数小波变换的基础上,获得了运动区域的背景模糊模型和光流场;然后再根据光流场的相位信息,计算出光流相位分布向量和主方向角;最后依据联合判别准则对背景模糊模型、光流相位分布向量和主方向角进行判别,从而判断出运动区域是否为烟雾。实验结果表明,与利用单一特征检测烟雾的算法相比,所提出的算法有效地提高了烟雾的识别率。     

捷联式光学图像导引头视线角速率估计

为准确估计捷联导引头视线角速率,建立了捷联式光学图像导引头数学模型,根据弹目运动相对关系进行视线角速率估计算法研究。定义了估计算法所需坐标系并建立了导引头与陀螺数学模型;根据弹目相对运动学及姿态关系建立视线角速率估计非线性状态方程;针对滤波精度与实时性应用的问题,提出无迹Kalman滤波(UKF)方法估计视线角速率,并建立半物理实验系统进行算法验证,实验结果表明:视线角及视线角速率的最大估计误差分别为0.37°与0.68°/s,估计精度分别为0.1008°与0.2116°/s;数字信号处理器(DSP)中算法运行时间约为3.8ms,视线角速率估计算法同时能满足制导系统对精度与实时性的要求。基于UKF的视线角速率估计算法为捷联式光学图像导引头的工程应用提供理论依据。     

Mean-shift跟踪算法及其在光电跟踪系统中的应用

针对光电跟踪系统中实时提取运动目标脱靶量的应用需求,设计了一种基于灰度直方图的Mean-shift 图像跟踪算法,对算法中目标模型与候选模型的建立进行了改进,抑制了背景像素对目标跟踪产生的影响。算法在系统上位机Visual C+ + 6.0平台上实现,当光电跟踪系统捕获到运动目标后,利用Mean-shift图像跟踪算法跟踪运动目标,并实时将运动目标脱靶量作为伺服控制系统的输入信号,驱动跟踪器跟踪目标。实验结果表明：设计的算法可以实时、准确、有效地跟踪运动目标,使稳定后的脱靶量换算得到的角偏差量控制在30"之内。     

基于Kalman滤波算法的陀螺仪动态漂移补偿研究

应用MEMS陀螺仪测量人体手臂运动姿态时,针对陀螺仪受线加速度干扰导致测量姿态发散的问题,提出基于Kalman滤波算法的姿态误差补偿方法;该方法首先将陀螺仪采集到的角速度通过方向余弦算法解算得到姿态角,并将陀螺仪动态漂移造成的姿态角误差视为时变信号,通过建立姿态角漂移误差的状态方程及观测方程,应用卡尔曼滤波算法,实现对姿态角漂移误差的估计,最终达到对陀螺仪动态漂移误差的补偿;实验与仿真结果表明,应用该算法能够有效的抑制线加速度干扰导致的陀螺仪测量的姿态发散,适用于陀螺仪对人体手臂运动姿态的测量。     

一种改进的场景锁定算法

介绍了一种能对场景进行稳定锁定的算法,该算法在传统场景锁定算法的基础上进行了改进。当目标进入红外（电视）摄像机视场时,首先对视频图像进行角点检测,提取出具有特征的角点,根据角点间的距离关系,对相邻两场图像的角点进行匹配得至4角点对。然后根据角点对间的对应关系解算出相邻两场图像间的全局运动参数,把此参数输入到控制系统,让...     

基于局部光流约束的角点匹配算法

提出了一种基于局部光流约束的角点匹配算法。首先采用Harris算子获得当前帧和参考帧的角点,然后以角点的光流特征作为约束条件,根据两帧图像角点集的坐标分布,排除异常角点,完成角点的精确匹配,实现图像之间的高精度运动估计。通过对视频序列进行实验,采用差图法可主观地发现该运动估计算法的有效性;以峰值信噪比作为评价指标,发现原始视频序列的帧间峰值信噪比明显低于仿射视频序列的帧间峰值信噪比。前者的平均值为22.8072,后者的平均值为33.3854,从而客观地说明了该算法的有效性和稳定性。     

基于聚类的相位相关运动估计方法

针对相机运动引起的图像序列运动的问题,提出了一种基于聚类的相位相关块匹配运动估计算法。利用Harris算子分别在相邻帧图像上检测角点,以参考图像角点为中心选取一个矩形块,将块匹配法与相位相关相结合来计算图像间的运动矢量。最后,对获得的多个块的平移量,进行空间聚类从而选取运动估计比较准确的点。实验结果表明：该算法配准精度能达到亚像素,稳定性较好。     

基于角点匹配的电子稳像算法

提出了一种基于角点匹配的电子稳像算法。分析了Harris角点检测的原理。获得角点后,根据相邻帧对应角点的坐标分布,建立当前帧与参考帧的映射关系,并运用仿射变换模型,以最小二乘解的形式获得帧间全局运动估计矢量。最后,采用Kalman滤波器对运动估计矢量作低通滤波,平滑运动参数,获得运动补偿矢量,实现视频序列的实时稳像。实验表明该算法较好地去除了视频序列的高频抖动,同时保留了摄像机的主动运动,稳像后视频序列的峰值信噪比明显提高。     

电子罗盘水平状态下航向角误差补偿算法的研究

针对电子罗盘测量时存在传感器的零位、灵敏度误差和干扰磁场引起的航向角误差问题,应用一种航向角误差补偿算法进行校正;在分析了电子罗盘航向角测量的工作原理、航向角误差形成原因的基础上,详细阐述了该补偿算法的实现原理,并通过LbVIEW软件仿真验证;同时设计了两种测量方案和测试系统,利用HMC1043芯片的电子罗盘进行多次实测验证并得出结论;实验结果表明:补偿后电子罗盘测量的航向角误差在4.5°以内;该补偿算法补偿效果良好,实现简单。     

Target-fragment angular distributions for the interaction of 86 MeV/A12C with 197Au

Target-fragment angular distributions were measured using radiochemical techniques for 69 different fragments (44 ? A ? 196) from the interaction of 86 MeV/A¹²C with ¹⁹⁷Au. The angular distributions in the laboratory system are forward-peaked with some distributions also showing a backward peaking. The shapes of the laboratory system distributions were compared with the predictions of the nuclear firestreak model. The measured angular distributions differed markedly from the predictions of the firestreak model in most cases. This discrepancy could be due, in part, to overestimation of the transferred longitudinal momentum by the firestreak model, the assumption of isotropic angular distributions for fission and particle emission in the moving frame and incorrect assumptions about how the lightest (A < 60) fragments are produced. No evidence was found for any significant number of target fragments moving sidewise to the beam direction in apparent contradiction to the expectation of hydrodynamical-model calculations. The laboratory-frame angular distributions were transformed into the moving frame using various assumptions about the moving frame velocity. The resulting light-fragment distributions showed an asymmetry in the moving frame indicative of their production in a fast process without the establishment of statistical equilibrium. No evidence was found for any production of the light fragments by a very asymmetric fission mechanism. The fission-fragment distributions were compared to standard formulas and an average fissioning-system angular momentum of $\text{J = 40?50}\text{h}\text{?}$ was deduced. It was not possible to find a moving frame in which the heavy (A > 145) fragment distributions were symmetric about 90°.     

Bound States of Monopoles and Dyons with Spin-1/2 Particles in SU(2) Gauge Theory Under Moduli Space Approximation

Energy spectrum and degeneracy associated with bound states of monopoles and dyons in non-Abelian gauge theory has been investigated and it is shown that energy levels expand due to the presence of additional degeneracies. Splitting of energy level of dyonium in presence of external magnetic and electric field has also been analyzed confirming the presence of additional degeneracy levels of the system. In addition, the study of behaviour of a fermion moving in the field of non-Abelian dyon in moduli space under SU(2) gauge potential has been undertaken and energy eigen values for the system are carried out. Detailed analysis of relativistic correction in fermion-dyon system in moduli space is presented and angular momentum operators of the system are derived, which demonstrates that besides the contribution of Higgs field, the interaction of spin and orbital angular momentum of moving fermion also contributes to the energy operator.     

Dynamic measurement of room impulse responses using a moving microphone

A technique for the recording of large sets of room impulse responses or head-related transfer functions is presented. The technique uses a microphone moving with constant speed. Given a setup (e.g., length of the room impulse response), a careful choice of the recording parameters (excitation signal, speed of movement) leads to the reconstruction of all impulse responses along the trajectory. In the case of a moving microphone along a circle, the maximal angular speed is given as a function of the length of the impulse response, its maximal temporal frequency, the speed of sound propagation, and the radius of the circle. As a result of the presented algorithm, head-related transfer functions sampled at 44.1 kHz can be measured at all angular positions along the horizontal plane in less than 1 s. The presented theory is compared with a real system implementation using a precision moving microphone holder. The practical setup is discussed together with its limitations.     

Bound states for a Coulomb-type potential induced by the interaction between a moving electric quadrupole moment and a magnetic field

We discuss the arising of bound states solutions of the Schrödinger equation due to the presence of a Coulomb-type potential induced by the interaction between a moving electric quadrupole moment and a magnetic field. Furthermore, we study the influence of the Coulomb-type potential on the harmonic oscillator by showing a quantum effect characterized by the dependence of the angular frequency on the quantum numbers of the system, whose meaning is that not all values of the angular frequency are allowed.     

Dirac Particle Polarization in Uniform Magnetic Field

For Dirac particles in a uniform magnetic field, the polarization operator projections onto three directions remain unchanged. If the orbital angular moment of particles is large with respect to 1, then the spin of moving particles retain the fixed orientation relative to the axes of the cylindrical coordinate system.     

线加速度计辅助高精度稳定跟踪

 介绍了在运动基座条件下捕获、跟踪和瞄准系统的复合轴惯性视轴稳定方案及实验室演示验证实验。使用动力调谐速率陀螺测量惯性角速率稳定转台，实现大动态范围的粗稳定，使用线加速度计测量惯性姿态角稳定视轴基准，实现小动态范围的精稳定。使用视轴基准稳定误差与视轴基准平台相对其基座的转角合成粗稳定位置误差的方式，实现粗稳定和精稳定的级联。实验结果表明，复合轴稳定方案可以实现(″)级稳定精度。     

Angular multiplexed holographic memory system based on moving window on liquid crystal display and its crosstalk analysis

We suggested a new non-mechanical angular multiplexed holographic memory system using a moving window, which was fabricated by controlling the pixels of a liquid crystal display (LCD) electronically. If we use light passed through the window left and right, and up and down, each window makes a reference wave with a different incidence angle and we can store angular-multiplexed holograms. The feasibility of the proposed method was demonstrated through optical experiments and its crosstalk noise analysis was also presented.     

基于DM642的运动目标实时跟踪监控系统的设计

针对视频监控中的运动目标,引入自主跟踪思想,设计了一种基于DSP的运动目标实时跟踪监控系统。系统以TI公司的DSPTMS320DM642为核心,采用改进的差分算法辅以二值化形态学处理进行运动检测,并通过速度归一化求取云台转动矢量,应用于变速云台系统,实现了对运动目标的自主稳定跟踪。实验证明,系统取得了良好的跟踪效果,保证了目标跟踪的自主性、准确性和实时性。     

基于并行隔帧差分光流场与灰度分析综合算法的运动目标检测

提出了隔帧差分的概念,并将其应用于光流场算法中,用改造后的隔帧差分光流场算法成功克服了传统光流场算法的不足(传统光流场算法不能识别帧间位移小于一个像元的运动目标).进一步对光流场计算结果与原始图像进行灰度综合分析,使目标的探测更加准确,减少了虚警和误判.采用不同间隔的序列差分构成并行识别系统结构,使整个系统能够探测各种不同速度的运动目标.实验结果表明:提出的运动目标检测算法能够准确有效地检测出不同速度的运动目标.     

Flux of momentum ofN-bodies system by gravitational waves

The energy and angular momentum carried by gravitational waves of anN-body system has been extensively studied by the author. In this paper the linear momentum, within general relativity, is investigated by studying waves emitted from a source consisting ofN-particles moving under their own gravitation.