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1.
一种差分吸收式光纤瓦斯传感系统   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
荆耀秋  江毅  肖尚辉  江艳 《光子学报》2014,43(4):428002
基于差分吸收法,研究了一种光纤瓦斯传感系统.采用双波长参考测量法,选取输出波长为1551nm的分布式反馈半导体激光器作为参考光源,输出波长为1 653nm的激光器作为甲烷气体的吸收峰处光源,通过改变甲烷气体吸收峰处激光器的输出波长,使其扫描到甲烷气体的吸收峰,通过比较吸收峰处和没有吸收峰处的光功率,测得甲烷气体浓度的分辨率达到0.038%.实验结果表明该系统的分辨率高、稳定性好、抗干扰能力强,可用于对煤矿瓦斯气体的检测.  相似文献   

2.
根据煤矿安全生产监控系统对测量甲烷浓度全量程高准确度的需要,基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术,设计了一种全量程一体化激光甲烷传感器.采用1 653.72nm分布式反馈半导体激光器作为系统光源,单板电路实现激光器驱动、温度控制、信号调制与解调、浓度反演.为兼顾高测量准确度和大动态测量范围,系统在低浓度时利用波长调制技术进行甲烷浓度在线检测;当气体浓度大于阈值时,自动切换到直接吸收检测技术.实验结果表明,该传感器在浓度范围为0~5%内误差小于±0.06%,在浓度范围为5~100%内误差小于真值的±6%,响应时间约为15s,满足矿井实际测量需要.  相似文献   

3.
针对移频激发拉曼光谱测试系统的小型化需求,在Littrow结构中,采用商用的785nm大功率激光二极管作为增益器件,构建了一款便携式光栅外腔可调谐半导体激光器。该激光器通过采用一种新型的波长调谐方法,即以改变半导体增益器件相对于准直透镜的水平位置来实现波长的连续调谐,实现了尺寸为140mm×65mm×50mm的小型化结构设计。相比于传统的旋转衍射光栅改变光线在光栅上的入射角来实现波长调谐的方式,该方法有效地缩减了增益器件的平移距离,从而有利于便携式外腔激光器波长的快速宽带调谐。实验结果表明,该激光器具有较宽的波长调谐范围,在340~900mA注入电流下均可实现10nm以上的波长调谐,尤其在900mA大注入电流下,其波长调谐覆盖779.40~791.07nm,调谐范围可达11.67nm,且激射线宽小于0.2nm,单波长输出功率最高可达280mW,放大的自发辐射抑制比大于25dB,呈现出较优异的输出性能,满足移频激发拉曼光谱检测系统对光源的基本要求。此外,该激光器可采用一微型压电陶瓷驱动器来实现波长的电动调谐,实验获得了1.35nm的波长调谐范围,证实了所制785nm便携式光栅外腔可调谐半导体激光器适合作为便携式移频激发拉曼光谱检测系统的光源用于减除原始拉曼光谱中的荧光背景。  相似文献   

4.
在气体浓度检测过程中采用特征光谱吸收法时,提高气体浓度检测精度常常需要采用高质量窄带激光器并调制其波长使其对准被测气体特征吸收峰的方法,这样大大增加了对激光器的要求及系统成本。为了在采用原有便携式、低成本固体激光器的条件下获取更高的检测精度,设计了转换窗差分吸收光学结构以及特征吸收差分比例算法。分析了特征波长位置选择的依据,给出了实现该处理算法的步骤。系统利用转换窗与吸收气室组合的方法,将非特征吸收峰位置上的光强响应通过求比值的方法约掉,从而实现了与采用窄带激光器对准特征吸收峰位置相近的检测效果。实验采用MW-IR-1650型红外激光器、SSM17-2型步进电机控制模块、C30659型红外探测器等器件,对不同浓度的甲烷气体进行测试,结果显示在200~5 000ppm之间测量相对误差基本在2.0%以内。证明了该系统具有较高的检测精度及稳定性。  相似文献   

5.
为快速地、大范围地对天然气管道进行泄漏监测,设计了基于静态傅里叶变换干涉系统的甲烷气体浓度遥测系统。采用对准甲烷分子吸收峰的红外光源照射被测区域,再由聚光准直系统和干涉模块完成干涉条纹的获取。最后,通过多特征波长光谱分析算法计算被测区域的浓度程长积,进而反演相应的甲烷浓度。通过HITRAN光谱数据库选择了1.65μm的主特征吸收峰,从而光源使用1.65μm的DFB激光器。为了在不增加系统硬件结构的基础上提高检测精度及稳定性,引入辅助波长求解吸光度比值,进而通过多特征波长比例运算的方法获得被测气体的浓度程长积。实验针对泄漏速度恒定的标准甲烷液化气罐检测,采用PN1000型便携式甲烷检测仪的检测数据作为标准数据与本系统的测试数据进行对比,测试距离分别为100,200和500m。实验结果显示,甲烷浓度检测值在泄漏一段时间稳定后,系统检测值也基本保持稳定。对100m的检测距离而言,浓度程长积的检测误差小于1.0%。随着测试距离的增大,检测误差也相应的增大,距离500m的检测误差小于4.5%。总之,在气体泄露稳定后系统检测误差均小于5.0%,满足野外天然气泄漏遥测要求,该方法采用差分思想,在求解吸光度比率的过程中将误差消除,降低了外界干扰造成的误差,从而提高系统的检测精度及稳定性。  相似文献   

6.
为了测量半导体激光器在电流调谐下的动态波长,提出了基于光纤延时自外差法的测量方案,阐述了测量原理,研究了拍频与动态波长的递推关系。应用该实验系统测量了分布反馈式半导体激光器调谐的动态波长特性,与由光谱仪测量的稳态波长特性比较。结果表明,动态波长与稳态波长随电流变化特性有着类似的非线性规律,在20~100mA调谐范围内二者差异小于0.002nm。此外,通过气体CO2的两条吸收谱线与HITRAN谱库中标准吸收线位置比对,辨识出半导体激光器调谐的动态波长,该辨识出的动态波长值与由延时自外差法推算出的动态波长值比较,二者误差为1pm,进而验证了该测量系统的可靠性。  相似文献   

7.
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术及波长调制技术,采用波长为1 654nm的分布反馈激光器,结合开放式光学探头以及高灵敏度的铟镓砷光电探测器,研制了近红外甲烷气体检测系统。自主设计研发了分布反馈激光器驱动电路,主要包括模拟PID温度控制电路与电流驱动电路。其中,温度控制电路具有较高的控制精度及稳定性,长时间工作时激光器温度波动小于±0.02℃,温度与激光器波长呈线性变化。温度不变时,改变驱动电流可以使激光器中心波长线性变化,同时还提供了5kHz正弦波和10 Hz锯齿波的调制信号,用于谐波检测。为了提取差分信号的一次谐波及二次谐波,研制了正交锁相放大器,一次谐波和二次谐波的提取误差分别为3.5%和5%。系统中采用的开放式光电探头通过一次反射,使有效吸收光程增加了一倍,达到了40cm。通过对1%~5%的甲烷气体进行检测,成功提取了一次及二次谐波,得到了气体浓度与谐波信号幅值的拟合关系曲线。在更换不同输出波长的激光器后,该系统还具有检测其他气体的能力。  相似文献   

8.
根据污染气体的光谱吸收特性与荧光特性,设计了一套时分复用检测系统,既可以使用光谱吸收法检测甲烷和二氧化硫又可以使用荧光法检测二氧化硫。系统采用组合可切换光源、共用光路、气室及信号处理部分,首先进行光谱吸收和荧光的特性测量,然后进行光谱吸收法检测甲烷与二氧化硫浓度实验,以及紫外荧光法检测二氧化硫浓度实验。经过光谱吸收和荧光的特性测量得出吸收法测二氧化硫和甲烷的吸收峰处的激发波长分别为280nm和1.64μm,荧光法测二氧化硫最佳激发波长为220nm。经光谱吸收法实验可得甲烷浓度与相对强度的线性关系和二氧化硫浓度与输出电压的线性关系,线性度分别为98.7%,99.2%;经荧光法实验可得二氧化硫浓度与电压成线性关系,线性度达到了99.5%。研究表明,该系统能使用于污染气体的光谱吸收检测和紫外荧光检测。将两种测量方式组合在一起,降低了成本与体积,同时此系统也可用于其他气体的检测,有一定的应用价值。  相似文献   

9.
可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)利用激光器的窄线宽和波长调谐特性,使其扫描被测气体的单个吸收峰,实现痕量气体的高分辨率、高灵敏度快速检测。通过分析近红外波段的乙烯吸收谱线特性,选取1 626.8nm附近的吸收峰作为检测谱线,研制了基于white池结构的TDLAS检测系统,结合波长调制和二次谐波检测,对体积分数为20~1 200ppmv的乙烯气体进行了测量,推算该系统的检测下限约为10ppmv。  相似文献   

10.
石俊凯  纪荣祎  黎尧  刘娅  周维虎 《物理学报》2017,66(13):134203-134203
构建了可自启动的双波长运转掺铒光纤锁模激光器.通过优化增益光纤长度,利用掺铒光纤在1530nm附近的再吸收效应调节激光器的增益谱,使激光器在1530nm和1560nm附近具有相同的增益强度.实验中采用31cm掺铒光纤作为增益光纤,以透射式半导体可饱和吸收体作为锁模器件,实现了自启动双波长锁模运转.激光器锁模输出重复频率为58.01MHz,信噪比为58.2dB,最高输出功率为4.8mW.锁模输出的光谱在1532.4nm和1552.3nm处具有两个强度接近的谱峰,谱峰间距约为20nm.该激光器无需手动调节即可实现双波长运转,更便于实际使用.  相似文献   

11.
Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.  相似文献   

12.
A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.  相似文献   

13.
Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·104 Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.  相似文献   

14.
The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.  相似文献   

15.
A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.  相似文献   

16.
17.
A transient suppression method for piezoelectric ceramic transducer is presented. By adding some special pedestal pulses to the original transmitted signal, the transient effects in the output of the transducer can be just precisely transmission by use of a narrowband transducer. canceled, thereby achieving the broadband The experimental results show that the transient responses of the sinusoid pulses and coded signals are suppressed successfully and the acoustic waveforms radiated into the surrounding water are improved significantly.  相似文献   

18.
We experimentally demonstrate amplitude squeezed soliton utilizing intensity-dependent self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer.The system.whose components are connected via ferrule connector/physical connection(FC/PC)fiber connectors,constitutes all-fiber configuration to generate squeezed soliton.Soliton amplitude reduction measured by homodyne detection is near 4.0 dB below the shot-noise level.Optimal squeezing fields in both simple and compact all-fiber configuration are obtained.  相似文献   

19.
The(2 1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr(o)dinger(NLS)equation with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities is investigated,which describes propagation of light in(2 1)-dimensional nonlinear optical media with inhomogeneous nonlinearities.New types of optical modes and nonlinear effects in optical media are presented numerically.The results reveal that the regular split of beam can be obtained in (2 1)-dimensional nonlinear optical media with inhomogeneous nonlinearities,by adjusting the guiding parameter.Furthermore,the stability of beam regular split is discussed numerically,and the results reveal that the beam regular split is stable to the finite initial perturbations.  相似文献   

20.
In the real-world application of face recognition system, owing to the difficulties of collecting samples or storage space of systems, only one sample image per person is stored in the system, which is so-called one sample per person problem. Moreover, pose and illumination have impact on recognition performance. We propose a novel pose and illumination robust algorithm for face recognition with a single training image per person to solve the above limitations. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is an efficient and practical approach for face recognition.  相似文献   

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