数字无透镜傅里叶变换全息术中非傍轴及离焦像差的校正

对数字无透镜傅里叶变换全息图直接采用逆傅里叶变换进行物场的数值重建时.需要满足两个条件:第一,全息图的记录过程必须满足傍轴近似条件,否则再现过程中会产生非傍轴像差;第二,记录全息图时物平面与参考点光源到全息图记录平面的距离必须相等,否则再现过程中会产生离焦像差.理论分析了非傍轴及离焦记录条件下数字无透镜傅里叶变换全息图的灰度分布特点,并提出了相应的非傍轴及离焦像差的数值校正方法.根据实际的非傍轴或离焦记录情况.分别给所记录的数字全息图灰度分布矩阵乘以适当的非傍轴或离焦校正因子,以消除灰度矩阵中非傍轴或离焦因素的影响.然后再对校正后的伞息图灰度矩阵做逆傅里叶变换处理.即可得到准确的数字再现像.实验结果表明.该数值重建方法能够有效地消除无透镜傅里叶变换全息术中数字再现像的非傍轴像差及离焦像差,提高再现像的质量.     

联合变换相关器在光纤检测中离焦影响的讨论

对联合变换相关器在光纤检测中离焦采集谱问题进行了理论分析,计算机模拟以及光纤缺陷检测实验。得出了离焦距离与相关峰值的关系曲线,示出了对不同相似程度的输入物的离焦谱和焦面谱两种情况下进行相关的计算机模拟结果;提供了在焦面上和离焦一定范围两种情况下缺陷程度不同的光纤的相关检测结果。     

基于二次曲线拟合的共焦拉曼光谱探测方法

拉曼光谱技术因其光谱信息丰富、非接触、无破坏、样品用量少、高灵敏度等特点,为现代前沿基础科研领域提供一种有力的分析手段,成为分析科学的研究热点。激光共焦拉曼技术结合共焦显微探测和拉曼光谱探测技术,具有空间分辨力高、可层析探测的优势,在物理化学、材料科学、生物医学、考古及文物鉴定、刑侦科学等众多领域应用广泛。现有共焦拉曼系统由于在扫描过程中无法对探测点进行定焦,因而在长时间的探测过程中会因环境变化、系统漂移等问题导致系统离焦,从而造成测量结果存在误差甚至错误的问题。本文针对这一问题,在现有共焦拉曼系统的基础上,提出一种基于二次曲线拟合的共焦拉曼光谱探测方法。该方法利用二次曲线对光谱共焦曲线进行拟合,通过寻找曲线最大值,得到系统焦点,进而在扫描过程中对每个探测点进行焦点定位后,采集该点光谱信息,从而保证扫描过程中系统始终位于焦点位置,消除系统离焦对实验结果的影响,实现共焦拉曼光谱系统的精确测量。通过仿真分析和实验结果表明:本文提出的基于二次曲线拟合的共焦拉曼光谱探测方法可以有效消除系统离焦对实验结果造成的影响,提高系统轴向定焦的准确度,为共焦拉曼光谱技术的进一步应用提供了保证,是一种行之有效的定焦准确、抗漂移强的拉曼光谱测量方法。     

具有抗漂移特性的激光共焦拉曼光谱成像技术与系统

共焦拉曼技术结合了共焦显微技术和拉曼光谱技术,具有高分辨率、高灵敏度、可层析成像的优势,广泛应用于物理、材料科学、生物医学、文物鉴定以及刑侦等领域。由于拉曼光谱成像需要较长时间,测量中系统易受环境等因素影响产生漂移,造成离焦,而现有商用共焦拉曼光谱仪并无定焦能力,容易影响测量结果。针对此问题,研制了一种具有抗漂移能力的激光共焦拉曼光谱探测系统。在不改变共焦拉曼探测基本原理的基础上,利用拉曼轴向响应曲线最大值对应显微物镜焦面这一特性,对每个探测点进行轴向扫描,采集一定数量的轴向信号,通过曲线拟合寻找光谱强度极值位置,保证扫描过程中样品始终处于系统的焦点位置处,抑制离焦影响,改善拉曼光谱成像效果。以单层石墨烯样品进行单点测试,证明仪器在5μm离焦范围内可以实现实时定焦,定焦后采集到的拉曼光谱强度几乎不变,具有良好的抗漂移能力;对硅台阶样品进行成像测试,结果表明成像过程中,信号强度未发生明显变化,且横向分辨率有一定改善,效果明显优于普通共焦拉曼光谱探测系统。     

基于正交种子曲线扩展算法设计自由曲面离轴反射无焦系统

离轴反射无焦光学系统在空间望远镜中具有重要的应用,自由曲面能够校正离轴反射系统中的非对称像差。设计自由曲面离轴反射无焦系统的初始结构非常关键。提出了正交种子曲线扩展算法(OSCE),可直接设计自由曲面离轴反射无焦系统的初始结构。为了验证方法可行性,分别设计了放大倍率为10和20的离轴无焦三反和四反系统。设计结果表明离轴三反系统初始结构均方根(RMS)波前差为0.36 λ,离轴四反系统初始结构波前差为0.18 λ。对这两个初始结构分别进行优化,优化之后的RMS波前差小于0.02 λ。     

弱相干扫描层析成像系统的三维传递函数分析

导出了考虑离轴、离焦、及弱相干时延区配情况的光学相干层析三维传递函数.以此为基础分析了分辨率的各种影响因素,对系统设计及优化起到了指导作用.结论有：光谱带宽增大时,纵向分辨率将线性提高了,其代价是信号幅度呈现线性下降.对于离焦扫描,大的物镜焦距和小的通光口径虽会造成分辨率在绝对数量上的下降,但对于给定的扫描范围来说,其相对的离焦响应反而得以改善,即可在扫描态范围内得到相对均匀的像质.还给出了实测弱相干波形及图像. 关键词：     

波带片离焦量和非单色光对光斑的影响

考虑了波带片在离焦和非单色光照明条件下的光斑特性，通过数值计算，得到了在不同离焦量时光强分布曲线、光斑大小、以及特定范围内总能量随离焦量的变化；同时得到不同带宽的光强分布曲线、光斑半径随带的变化曲线。并研究了用于软Ｘ光扫描显微镜的聚焦波带片允许的离焦误差以及光斑半径与带宽的关系。     

采用变焦液体透镜的共焦检测系统的设计与仿真

 共焦显微技术越来越广泛地应用于微机电系统和半导体器件的三维轮廓测量。设计一种新型采用变焦透镜作为轴向扫描方式的共焦显微系统,利用变焦透镜的焦距变化来代替传统的轴向位移扫描。系统实现了无机械运动的轴向扫描,消除了传统共焦系统中由位移台移动带来的振动,不仅减小了系统的复杂度,而且降低了成本。进一步设计了基于位移台和变焦透镜的两种共焦检测系统,并且对其进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明：基于位移台和基于变焦透镜的共焦系统的聚焦成像和离焦成像结果类似,并且光强的轴向分布曲线也基本相同,表明此方法可行。     

光学相干层析成像系统中双通快速扫描光学延迟线的数值分析

以matlab为工具,详尽分析双通快速扫描光学延迟线在最佳耦合条件下的光束传输与分布,为双通快速扫描光学延迟线的设计、元件选择和系统调整提供理论依据.得出离焦距离Δf=1μm和Δf=578 μm两个理论上的最佳耦合点.但就实际光路调试来看,离焦距离Δf=1 μm为此系统的最佳耦合点.     

确定光学系统焦面和象面位置的几种方法

在光学信息处理和现代光学实验中,常需要确定系统或某个元件的最佳焦点和象面位置.因此,掌握几种确定焦面和象面位置的实用方法非常必要.下面,将实际工作中常用且非常有效的几种方法介绍如下:一、确定焦面的方法 图1是最典型的光学处理系统.其中S为点光源,L0是准直透镜,L1和L2均为傅里叶变换透镜,P1、P2和P3分别是输入平面、频谱面和输出象面. 在光学信息处理中,许多操作(如制作空间匹配滤波器,进行各种空间滤波和频率编码等)都是在频谱面上进行.因此,需要首先确定频谱面(即L1的后焦面)的准确位置.其方法有: 1.目测法.这是一种最基本最…     

近场记录光盘的写入能量的研究

近场记录光盘是一种新的光盘记录技术,它有二个特点：（１）极高的记录密度;（２）很高的寻道速度。本文介绍了近场光盘技术的特性;提出了近场光盘记录技术中动态条件下读写中的写入能量地头盘间的能量传输问题进行了仿真计算。     

Photorefraction in LiNbO<Subscript>3</Subscript>:Fe crystals with femtosecond pulses at 532 nm

Photorefractive index gratings are written into iron-doped lithium niobate crystals using femtosecond laser pulses and cw light, both having a wavelength of 532 nm. The saturation value of the refractive index changes in as-grown samples is found to decrease with increasing peak pulse intensity. Furthermore, in oxidized crystals, writing with femtosecond pulses is much faster than with cw light and retains about the same writing speed than in as-grown crystals. We propose a charge transport model that addresses the special case of recording with high intensity femtosecond pulses.     

A statistical theory of the surface of an anharmonic crystal

We perform a linearization of the transcendental equations for the moments of the single-particle atomic distribution functions of an anharmonic crystal with a surface. The transcendental equations can be derived from the nonlinear integral equations of the nonsymmetrized self-consistent field method. With the help of these equations we consider the relaxation of the lattice of an fcc crystal near its three surfaces and the mean square displacement of the atoms, assuming nearest-neighbor interactions. We discuss effects which result when interactions between nonnearest-neighbors are taken into account and also the application of the method to small cyrstalline particles.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 1, pp. 44–49, January, 1986.     

SbOx Thin Films Used for Write-Once Blue Laser Recording

SbOx thin films are deposited by reactive dc-magnetron sputtering from an antimony metal target in Ar＋O2 with the relative O2 content 7%. It is found that the as-deposited films can represent a two-component system comprising amorphous Sb and amorphous Sb2 O3. The crystallization of Sb is responsible for the changes of optical properties of the films. The results of the static test show that the SbOx thin films have good writing sensitivity for blue laser beams and the recording marks are very clear and circular. High reflectivity contrast of about 41% is obtained at a writing power 6mW and writing pulse width 300ns. In addition, the films show a good stability after reading 10000 times.     

热分解法制备Bi替石榴石磁光薄膜的静态热磁模拟近似计算

对磁光薄膜进行热磁模拟可以了解影响热磁记录过程的各种因素及这些因素间的相互关系以及它们对写入信息的影响。采用近似计算方法对Bi、Al替DyIG磁光薄膜进行静态热磁模拟,得出在居里点写入的情况下写入点半径与定入功率、数值孔径、材料的反射率、材料的热导率及激光波长的关系。该方法为热磁定入过程提供了一种简捷的理论指导。     

RESEARCH ON SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION OF WALL SURFACE HEAT TRANSFER PROCESSES

A new experimental procedure is proposed based on an instrumental variable method [1] for analyzing wall surface heat transfer processes and deducing wall surface heat transfer coefficients under actual conditions. Tests were carried out under a wide range of conditions, and the heat transfer coefficient was found to vary from 8 to 26 W/m 2 ” K while wind speed ranged from 0 to 7.5 m/s, and correlations were obtained in terms of wind speed. In addition, the experiments indicated that wind direction does not have a significant effect on the heat transfer coefficient of wall surfaces.     

高速摄影机数据记录系统研究

同时记录与高速事件相关的信息是进行胶片判读处理的必要条件,数据记录系统就是由高速摄影机的同步控制信号控制选通,将与事件相关的信息经特殊处理,由集成数据点阵头记录在胶片上,为此后的胶片判读及对拍摄事件进行更精细的分析处理提供定量、实时的依据。     

Writing 40 nm marks by using a beaked metallic plate near-field optical probe

We have developed a near-field optical probe that uses a triangular metallic plate with a three-dimensionally tapered apex as a light source for thermally assisted magnetic recording. Numerical analysis using a finite-element method shows that the size of the optical spot generated at the apex is 15 nm x 20 nm, and the efficiency (defined as the ratio between the power of the optical near field at the surface of the recording medium and that of the incident light) is 15% when the incident light is focused by a lens with a numerical aperture of 0.8. The metallic plate was fabricated on the surface of a quartz slider and used for writing marks on a phase change recording medium. The marks were observed with a scanning electron microscope, and we confirmed that marks with a diameter of 40 nm were successfully written on the medium.     

Circular relativistic motion of two identical bodies

The circular relativistic motion of two bodies is discussed as the solution of previously obtained equations with a deviating argument in which the deviation of the argument itself is an unknown function of the time. In the case of circular motion the deviation of the argument does not depend on the time and is a root of a transcendental equation derived in the article.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 12, pp. 46–51, December, 1983.     

Bit-array alignment effect of perpendicular SOMA media

One effective way to overcome the superparamagnetic limit of magnetic recording system is to reduce the grain number per bit at given signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level by using uniformed media grains. The self organized magnetic array (SOMA) is designed to have uniform grains with perfect grain array structure. It is believed that high enough SNR with small number of grains per bit can be acheived. But in the engineering application, the recorded bit on SOMA media may align with the regular array at different locations and angles due to non-grain synchronized writing, skew angle, and circular track. This induces the bit-array alignment effect and degrades system performance of SOMA media. In this paper, the micromagnetic simulation results show that the bit array alignment effect causes large level SNR fluctuation on the same media. The SOMA media is not preferred to be used in the conventional recording configuration. It is only suitable for the configuration of patterned media.