利用穷举搜索法准确确定地下热物性参数

利用穷举搜索法结合参数估计方法确定地下岩土热物性参数,通过模拟验证该方法的可靠性,并用于实际工程测量,且与优化方法计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明穷举搜索法可以在搜索区域得到目标函数方差和最小值,基于此得到热物性参数值可靠性较高;而优化方法得到的目标函数方差和为局部区域的极小值,其确定的土壤导热系数可靠性较高,但钻孔内热阻和容积比热计算结果可信度相对较低。     

埋管换热器热阻分析

地源热泵系统中的竖直埋管换热器是地源热泵系统的一个关键部分,从U管内至岩土间的传热热阻影响热泵系统的性能.文中介绍在静态负荷下,利用垂直U型埋管换热器换热的一维模型和二维模型,从传热热阻的角度进行了埋管管径、钻孔直径与管内对流热阻、钻孔热阻间的分析,结果显示,对钻孔热阻与管径的优化选择可降低热阻,同时对提高埋管换热器的...     

生物组织光学参数与热物性参数的相关性研究

基于组织光学和人工神经网络理论,提出了一种全新的确定生物体热物性参数的方法.利用积分球系统测量介质组织光学特性参数,以该特性参数作为人工神经网络输入变量,以热物性参数为目标变量,利用神经网络的自学习系统,最终建立光学特性参数与热物性参数间的非线性映射一黑箱模型.为验证模型,测量了多种热物性参数已知物质的光学特性参数,然后由黑箱模型得到热物性参数计算值,计算值和已知真实值的相对误差均在5%以内.该方法可用于测量生物体的各种热物性参数.     

磁回路参数测量方法的研究

磁回路的多项参数(电学的、几何的)之间会互相影响,利用这一特性可以有许多的应用．但在测量某一特定参数时,要想提高测量精度,就要避免其他参数对测量结果的影响．本文在进一步研究回路特性的基础上,提出一个能避开其他参数的影响从而提高测量精度的测量方法．     

用阶跃温升法测量生物组织的热物理参数

生物体的热物性是研究生物组织热物理问题的基本参数。本文设计制作了以热敏电阻为探头的生物探针,基于阶跃温升法研制了相应的测量电路和计算机采集和控制系统,测量了生物组织的导热率,分析了组织试样尺寸对测量的影响。离体实验表明,阶跃温升法能够可靠地测量生物组织的热物性。     

参数估计在测量热物性中的应用

一、前言 参数估计提供了有效地利用数据去估计数学模型中的参数的方法。可如图1所示。 通常的热物性测试原理都是基于导热微分方程的一个反问题,即由一定单值性条件下的解来确定方程中的某些系数,即热物性。本文以激光脉冲法为例,说明参数估计在测量热物性中的应用具有良好的前景。     

地源热泵地下换热系统的实验研究

地源热泵地下换热系统对于地源热泵系统的稳定运行和地源热泵系统的投入成本起着关键的作用.为了对地下换热系统换热效果和周围土壤的温度场进行实验研究,我们在北京工业大学高科技能源楼建立了一套包含60套不同结构地下换热系统的实验台.利用温度及流量测试装置获得运行过程中温度变化并计算换热量,探求不同结构地下换热系统的换热情况.本实验台还可以收集系统运行过程中地下换热系统的传热温度扩散半径,实验系统不仅为地源热泵的设计提供了数据,而且为地源热泵的深入研究提供了平台.本文给出的部分实验结果证明,根据当地地质情况、负荷需求及系统运行模式配置能源井是至关重要的.     

LiNO3热物性参数及热稳定性试验研究

介绍了太阳能热发电系统中的熔融盐传热蓄热介质,验证了文中试验测量方法的正确性;在此基础上完成了工业级LiNO3盐的物性参数的测定;同时测量了经过100多个加热冷却循环后的工业级LiNO3的热物性参数,将其与工业级LiNO3新盐的物性参数进行比较,结果表明,在100多个加热冷却循环后工业级LiNO3的热物性参数变化很小,热稳定性好.     

土壤源热泵系统冷凝热回收的优化研究

文中提出了一种土壤源热泵冷凝热回收系统,能够减少冬夏两季土壤源热泵系统从土壤冷热源排放吸收热量不均对土壤温度场所造成的影响,并结合火用平衡方程建立了土壤源热泵系统冷凝热回收的优化模型。基于此模型,探讨了系统冷凝器和地下埋管的优化配置,通过模拟计算对该系统在制冷工况下改进前后的运行情况进行了分析对比,结果显示土壤源冷凝热回收系统应用于实际工程能够提高整个系统的COP以及火用效率。     

地源热泵的运行特性模拟研究

依据圆柱源理论,建立起了耦合地面热泵机组和地下埋管换热器特性的模拟模型,该模型可用于长期运行的地源热泵系统的短时间步长运行特性模拟。探讨了模拟过程中有关参数的确定方法,并运用所建模型对地源热泵的冬季和夏季运行特性进行了模拟。运行特性模拟与实验数据的验证结果表明,所建模型可以对地源热泵的运行特性做出符合实际的预测。     

LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE TEMPERATURE SENSOR FOR IN-FLIGHT DROPLETS

A simplified heat transfer model is proposed for conveniently determining the thermal properties of deep ground soil at worksites and other associated engineering applications. The model does not need exact information of the U-tube location, spacing between up and down tubes, the properties of the tube and the backfill, and other parameters in the borehole as usual cases and greatly eliminates the errors caused by measuring the parameters mentioned. A practical site test was conducted to obtain heat flux imposed on the buried loop, water flow rate, and temperatures at the outlet and inlet of the loop by an in-situ test apparatus. The simplified model, together with optimal estimation algorithm, was used to determine the thermal conductivity of the deep ground soil in the worksite.     

Evaluation on the heat transfer performance of a vertical ground U-shaped tube heat exchanger buried in soil–polyacrylamide

Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been applied widely because of their environmental-friendly, energy-saving, and sustainable nature. In this work, heat transfer performance of a single vertical small-scale U-shaped tube ground heat exchanger under hot climatic condition is addressed considering the influences of inlet water temperature, Reynolds number, and backfill materials (raw soil; soil–polyacrylamide (PAM) blend (0.27% blending ratio for PAM). The backfill materials had an important effect on the heat transfer of the ground heat exchanger. At an inlet water temperature of 45°C and Reynolds numbers of 3104 and 4656, the temperature drops of water in the tube in the soil–PAM blend increased by about 0.3 and 0.4°C compared to that in the raw soil. Within Reynolds number from 3104 to 6208, the average surface heat transfer coefficients of the water in the tube in the soil–PAM blend and raw soil at an inlet water temperature of 45°C were 411 and 231 W m^?2K^?1, respectively. The results suggest that adding the PAM into soil can be an effective manner for enhancing the heat transfer of the ground heat exchanger. The dimensionless surface heat transfer correlation of the water in the U-tube heat exchanger in the soil–PAM blend was obtained. The model could better fit the experimental data within ±10% deviation.     

Magnetic properties of the cerium monochalcogenides

Single crystals of CeS, CeSe and CeTe have been investigated by means of measurements of the specific heat, the thermal expansion, the magnetic susceptibility and the magnetization at low temperatures. Crystal-field effects on some of these properties are used to derive the crystal-field splitting of the 4f electron ground state. It is found that chemical composition and crystal perfection strongly influence the magnetic properties of these compounds.     

Heat transfer coefficients in two-dimensional Yukawa systems (numerical simulations)

New data on heat transfer in two-dimensional Yukawa systems have been obtained. The results of a numerical study of the thermal conductivity for equilibrium systems with parameters close to the conditions of laboratory experiments in dusty plasma are presented. The Green-Kubo relations are used to calculate the heat transfer coefficients. The influence of dissipation (internal friction) on the heat transfer processes in nonideal systems is studied. New approximations are proposed for the thermal conductivity and diffusivity for nonideal dissipative systems. The results obtained are compared with the existing experimental and numerical data.     

土壤源热泵在合肥某工程中的应用

介绍了土壤源热泵的工作原理,探讨了土壤源热泵空调应用于中央空调系统的设计方法,以及其主要部件地热换热器的埋管方式、结构、管材、运行等特点。选取几种常用的冷热源系统与土壤源热泵系统进行比较分析,参考合肥地区的能源价格,计算各方案的运行成本,用动态费用年值法对各方案的经济性进行了评价。     

Nanoscale thermal transport: Theoretical method and application

With the size reduction of nanoscale electronic devices, the heat generated by the unit area in integrated circuits will be increasing exponentially, and consequently the thermal management in these devices is a very important issue. In addition, the heat generated by the electronic devices mostly diffuses to the air in the form of waste heat, which makes the thermoelectric energy conversion also an important issue for nowadays. In recent years, the thermal transport properties in nanoscale systems have attracted increasing attention in both experiments and theoretical calculations. In this review, we will discuss various theoretical simulation methods for investigating thermal transport properties and take a glance at several interesting thermal transport phenomena in nanoscale systems. Our emphasizes will lie on the advantage and limitation of calculational method, and the application of nanoscale thermal transport and thermoelectric property.     

补偿腔支路对环路热管传热性能影响的实验研究

在环路热管系统工作中,存在因补偿腔温度过高而造成的蒸发器烧干现象。在常规环路热管系统中设计了补偿腔支路,以带走热源向补偿腔传递的径向热量,并对设计的环路热管系统进行实验测试,分析补偿腔支路对环路热管传热特性的影响。实验结果表明:补偿腔支路开启后,在热流密度14 W/cm²时,系统稳定启动所需时间从4 min减少到3 min,表明系统稳定启动所需时间减小,有利于快速启动;在热流密度18 W/cm²下,对应的壁面温度从88.2℃降至85.4℃,系统热阻从0.56 K/W减小到了0.49 K/W,表明系统所能承受的最大热流密度更大,系统热阻也更低,因此系统的传热性能更好。     

The sorption heat pipe—a new device for thermal control and active cooling

The sorption heat pipe (SHP) is a new heat transfer device, which can be used as a sorption cooler or as a heat pipe. The SHP has a sorbent bed (adsorber/desorber and evaporator) at one end and a condenser+evaporator at the other end. This device is insensitive to some “g” acceleration and could be suggested for space and ground application. The most crucial feature of this device is that in different cases it can be used, for example, as a loop heat pipe, because they have the same evaporator and condenser, or as a SHP. The SHP can be used also as a cryogenic cooler. The SHP is convenient for cryogenic fluid storage, when the system does not work at low pressure and room temperature, and for use in the active cryogenic thermal control systems of spacecraft in orbit (cold plates for infrared observation of the Earth or space), or as an efficient electronic component cooling device.     

流体变物性对细矩形通道流动和传热的影响

以细矩形通道为研究对象,基于CFD的二次开发技术,采用流体固体共轭传热技术数值研究了流体变物性和入口平均物性对细矩形通道平均流动和平均传热特性的影响,同时研究了流体变物性对细通道转捩雷诺数的影响,为进一步揭示微细通道的流动和传热机理提供了依据.