共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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通过溶胶凝胶法, 以硅藻土-莫来石陶瓷膜管为支撑体,TiO2为过渡层, 利用具有大量支链的聚酰亚胺和SnO2溶胶制备了系列不同SnO2含量的负载型聚酰亚胺/SnO2杂化膜.采用TEM、FTIR、XPS、TG/DTA、DSC、BET和气体渗透测定对系列膜的微观型态、化学结构、热稳定性、孔结构和气体渗透性能进行了表征和测试. 结果表明,SnO2相与聚酰亚胺支链羧酸基发生化学键连; 杂化膜具有较好的有机无机兼容性, 当SnO2达到15%时,SnO2相在杂化膜中以颗粒状存在, 其粒径约为5 nm;SnO2相与聚酰亚胺间的化学键连有效的提高了杂化膜的玻璃化温度; 随着SnO2含量的增加, 杂化膜的热分解温度逐渐下降; 系列膜具有均匀的孔道结构, 其孔径分别为3.8、3.1、2.8和2.4 nm. 相对于聚酰亚胺膜, 杂化膜对H2、CO2、CO和H2O具有较高的分离性,SnO2为15%的杂化膜对H2/N2、CO2/N2、CO/N2和H2O/N2的分离因子分别达到54.1、30.2、35.9和40.1. 相似文献
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利用氢原子里德堡时间飞行谱技术研究了超音速喷射分子束CH3OH和C2H5OH在157 nm的光解动力学,得到了氢原子产物的时间飞行谱.通过对谱图的拟合揭示出三个氢原子产物通道:OH上的氢原子脱落、CH3(C2H5)上的氢原子脱落和CH3O(C2H5O)的二次解离. 从得到的产物通道相对分支比可以知道CH3O的二次解离过程比C2H5O更明显.CH3OH解离的产物平均角分布各向异性参数β≈-0.3, 显示出跃迁偶极距接近垂直于C-O-H平面.C2H5OH解离的产物β≈-0.4,表明C2H5OH有更长的转动周期. 实验结果显示两个系统都经历了从3px到3s势能面的快速内转换, 然后在3s势能面上解离.CH3O+H产物平动能分布显示出CH3O的伞形振动激发或者CH3的摇摆振动激发,而C2H5O+H产物平动能分布没有振动态分辨. 相似文献
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以SnCl4·5H2 O为主要原料 ,用溶剂热技术在油酸体系中成功地合成了球形SnO2 纳米微粒 ,在无水乙醇体系中合成了菱形的SnO2 纳米微粒 .通过X射线粉末衍射 (XRD) ,选区电子衍射 (SAED)和透射电镜 (TEM )对两种产物进行了表征 ,并对两种产物的形成机理进行了分析 .透射电镜 (TEM)结果表明 :在油酸体系中得到了平均尺寸约为 3.5nm的球形SnO2 纳米微粒 ,此微粒趋向于特殊高的比表面积 ,适合于作气敏探测器材料方面的应用 相似文献
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O2/CO2气氛下石灰石煅烧及烧结特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了在O2/CO2气氛下石灰石的煅烧和烧结特性.结果表明,空气气氛下煅烧所得CaO的孔隙率和比表面积均较O2/CO2气氛下的大,但O2/CO2气氛下煅烧所得CaO具有更大的最可几孔径.石灰石在O2/CO2气氛下1000℃煅烧时的产物具有最大的比孔容积和比表面积,且石灰石煅烧产物CaO的比孔容积和比表面积均随气氛中CO2浓度的增加而下降,在低CO2浓度下下降较为迅速,而在高CO2浓度下下降逐渐趋于平缓.在延长相同烧结时间的情况下,O2/CO2气氛下CaO孔结构受烧结影响的程度要比空气气氛下轻微. 相似文献
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Keggin结构纳米硅钨酸铵的室温固相合成与物性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
首次以H4SiW12 O40·2 2H2 O和 (NH4) 2 C2 O4·H2 O为原料 ,室温固相反应合成出 (NH4) 4 SiW12 O40 纳米微粒 ;用元素分析、FTIR确定产物的组成和结构 ;XRD、TEM和BET对产物的形貌、晶粒尺寸和比表面积进行了表征 ;TG DTA确定了产物的稳定温区 .结果表明 ,产物为纳米粒子 ,平均粒径为 6 0nm ,比表面积为 10 8.7m2 /g ,在 4 30℃以下具有良好的热稳定性 .在固相反应中 ,研磨和放热反应热效应能加快反应物扩散速率和生成物成核速率 ,使产物粒径减小 ;反应物含有结晶水和生成物H2 C2 O4·2H2 O ,对形成小粒径的 (NH4) 4 SiW12 O40 纳米粒子起关键作用 . 相似文献
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近年来,光声光谱技术由于它的高灵敏度及装置简单等优点而得到了广泛的应用[1].我们利用光声法研究了C2H5OH的多光子离解产物C2H4,提供了测定C2H4产物增长速率的简单可靠的方法.Danen曾用红外光谱及气相色谱法检测了C2H5OH的离解产物[2],但因灵敏度有限,只能通过在较高的气压条件下多次辐照后才能探测出生成物的含量.因此,用上述方法研究C2H4产物的增长规律是很困难的.如果用光声法,采用 CW CO2激光器做光源,就可以方便地检测到每次激光辐照后C2H4生成物的单次产额、相对浓度及C2H4增长规律等数据,为研究红外多光子离解提供了一个… 相似文献
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CH2Cl与OH自由基反应机理的理论研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用量子化学从头算方法对CH2 Cl与OH自由基反应生成HCCl+H2 O、HCOCl+H2 和H2 CO +HCl的机理进行了研究 .在UMP2 (FC) / 6 311++G 水平上计算出了各物种的优化构型、振动频率 ;并在Gaussian 3(G3)水平上计算了他们的零点能 (ZPE)、相对能量及总能量 .结果表明 ,CH2 Cl和OH自由基反应首先经无垒过程生成一个富能中间体CH2 ClOH ,中间体再经过一系列原子转移、基团旋转和键断裂分别生成产物HCCl+H2 O、HCOCl+H2 和H2 CO +HCl;三者均为放热反应 ,放热量分别为 72 .81、338.5 4和 35 4 .0 8kJ/mol;生成H2 CO +HCl放出的热量比生成HCCl+H2 O放出的热量多 2 81.2 7kJ/mol,与实验结果吻合 . 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法合成出三聚氰胺-甲醛(MF)有机气凝胶,并通过N2吸附、红外光谱以及热重-质谱联用等实验技术对该气凝胶的多孔形态、结构特性和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明:MF气凝胶是一种连续的、相互贯通的3维多孔网络结构材料,比表面积约842 m2/g,平均孔径为16 nm左右;热解产生了NO, H2O, NH3, NO2, CO2和CH4气体,很好地诠释了各阶段失重,其总失重高达97%,有望作为制备3维nm级多孔材料的模板。 相似文献
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Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity. 相似文献
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Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones. 相似文献
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The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua (PTH) and Taiwan Mandarin (TM) were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that: For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM. 相似文献
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JIA Duojie 《中国物理C(英文版)》2008,32(7)
It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1]. 相似文献
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Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies. 相似文献
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Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122: 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM (Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy) signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α (α is the radius of the focused electron beam). Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally. 相似文献
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The key to the restoration of rotational motion blurred image is how to restore the image under a low cost and to correct the irreversibility of the degradation function matrix.Based on the special qualities of degradation function matrix and precise deduction in space-domain, we present a new approach using gradient-loading for restoration of rotational blurred image.By easily adding a gradient operator, the irreversibility of the original matrix is corrected and can be applied for inverse filtering then.Gradientloading is the optimized approach which combines the advantages of both the approaches using constrained least square filtering and traditional diagonal-loading.Compared with the approach using least square filtering, its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved from 3.18 to 6.46dB, while the computing time is reduced to 1/2-1/3.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, noise-resistibility, robustness, and low complexity of this approach, which make it more suitable for real-time environment. 相似文献
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We propose an all-optical logic device made of a bent tapered Y-junction waveguide with a Kerr-type nonlinear interface. It could provide an AND gate, OR gate, and exclusive-OR (XOR) gate. We could obtain different transmission results by adjusting the bending angle. The numerical simulation results show that the device functions as AND, OR, and XOR gates. 相似文献
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Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz (THz) imaging is demonstrated. A 1.89-THz optically-pumped farinfrared laser is used as the illumination source, and a 124 × 124 element room-temperature pyroelectric camera is adopted as the detector. With this setup, THz images through various wrapping materials are shown. The results show that this imaging system has the potential applications in real-time mail and security inspection. 相似文献