首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
超声兰姆波的时频分析   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7  
声-超声方法在被测板件厚度较小时,板中传播的超声波模式主要是多模式的兰姆波。由于兰姆波的复杂性,声-超声方法回避了对信号进行进一步深入的分析,而采用所谓“应力波因子”对材料中能量耗散进行相对度量。当多模式与频散同时存在时,信号的识别异常困难,本文采用时-频分析的方法对声-超声信号进行了分离,只需一次测量就可满足分析要求。通过对兰姆波信号的伪Wigner-Ville分布进行时频重排和图像特征提取,能够精确地获得兰姆波的局部群速度频散曲线。  相似文献   

2.
为了研究变壁厚结构中兰姆波的传播特性,以K9玻璃制成的台阶板为波导,运用动态光弹法实现了兰姆波在阶梯板中传播过程的可视化。使用MATLAB对兰姆波的理论应力分布进行了仿真,将仿真结果与光弹图像相对比以进行模式识别。此外,根据兰姆波的动态光弹图像计算了特定模式的相速度,并与相速度频散曲线相对比,以支持模式识别的结果。对4mm-3mm和4mm-2mm厚度差台阶板进行了对比分析。研究发现在激励目标模式的兰姆波时,可能会出现非目标模式,并且兰姆波的模态转换与频散程度与台阶处的厚度差有关。本文的结果可对具有相同性质类似结构材料的无损检测提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
王鑫  张金  沈洋  魏影 《应用声学》2018,37(3):338-344
超声导波检测技术作为一种新兴的无损检测技术广泛应用于圆管类结构。为选择合适于不同缺陷检测的导波模态,推导分析了圆管导波传播的运动方程和频散方程;利用数值计算的方法得到了超声导波在圆管中传播的频散曲线和各模态沿壁厚方向的位移分布图,分析得出各个模态对不同缺陷的敏感程度;以一种特定的圆管为例,建立圆管缺陷有限元模型,对不同类型圆管缺陷对导波传播特性的影响进行仿真计算。结果表明,纵向模态对周向缺陷比较敏感,而扭转模态则对轴向缺陷更敏感,仿真结果与理论分析结果相吻合,为圆管缺陷检测的超声导波模态选择提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

4.
超声导波检测技术作为一种新兴的无损检测技术广泛应用于圆管类结构。为选择合适于不同缺陷检测的导波模态,推导分析了圆管导波传播的运动方程和频散方程;利用数值计算的方法得到了超声导波在圆管中传播的频散曲线和各模态沿壁厚方向的位移分布图,分析得出各个模态对不同缺陷的敏感程度;以一种特定的圆管为例,建立圆管缺陷有限元模型,对不同类型圆管缺陷对导波传播特性的影响进行仿真计算。结果表明,纵向模态对周向缺陷比较敏感,而扭转模态则对轴向缺陷更敏感,仿真结果与理论分析结果相吻合,为圆管缺陷检测的超声导波模态选择提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

5.
铝板中Lamb波检测的实验研究   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
Lamb波在传播过程中具有频散及多模态特性,若相关参数选择不当,会导致在实际应用中信号相互叠加而无法识别。本文基于Lamb波的频散曲线是其频散方程实数解分布的特点,采用二分法绘制了铝板中Lamb波的频散曲线、波结构曲线和入射角曲线。根据曲线选择S0模态的Lamb波对1mm厚铝板中不同类型的缺陷进行检测。实验结果表明,S0模态的Lamb波对裂纹型缺陷和贯穿型缺陷十分敏感,但对于裂纹型缺陷,其幅值变化并不与缺陷大小成线性关系,并且S0模态Lamb波的声场指向性十分集中,在偏离声束轴线时无法检测到缺陷。  相似文献   

6.
周向超声导波对管道纵向缺陷检测的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在弹性动力学理论的基础上,研究了管道中周向超声导波的传播及其频散特性,并数值计算了周向导波的频散曲线。通过所建立的超声导波实验系统,在理论上与实验上研究了斜探头的入射角、频率及周向导波模态的关系,并在外径为88.8 mm、内径为80.8 mm的管道中激励出特定的单一模态周向导波;同时,利用单一模态周向导波对该管道表面上长25 mm、宽1 mm、深0.7 mm的人工缺陷进行了检测。结果表明,同在板中激励单一Lamb波模态类似,选用特定角度的斜探头与特定频率可在管道中激励出单一周向导波模态并有望应用于管道缺陷的检测。  相似文献   

7.
利用固体和流体介质中波传播理论,导出了冰-水两层复合结构中导波频散方程。进一步,利用二分法对频散方程进行了数值求解,得到了ω-k频散曲线(ω与k分别为圆频率和波数),以及相速度和群速度频散曲线。结果表明:冰-水两层复合结构中导波由具有相同厚度水层和冰层中导波耦合而成,但与水层和冰层中导波频散曲线相比,复合结构中导波频散曲线除第1阶模式外,其余高阶模式均发生了很大变化。从原水层第1阶模式的截止频率开始,复合结构第2阶模式的相速度曲线被压低,各高阶(大于2阶)模式的相速度曲线出现一个跃变点,群速度曲线出现一个极大和一个极小值。水层越厚,复合结构各高阶模式的截止频率越低,相同频带内导波模式越丰富。水层厚度保持不变时,复合结构各阶模式的相速度和群速度曲线均随冰层厚度的增加而向低频方向移动。另外,还进一步分析了冰-水复合结构的导波波结构,发现第1阶导波模式的能量主要集中在冰层内和海表面附近,而2阶以上高阶导波模式的振动位移幅度随深度方向呈现周期性特征,并且模式阶数越高,振动越复杂。   相似文献   

8.
一种定征复合板材粘接层性质的非线性超声兰姆波方法   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
借助于兰姆波频散曲线及导波激发的模式展开分析方法,对基频兰姆波时域信号及二次谐波时域信号的发生过程进行了直观的论述。结合Ritec-SNAP系统的测量功能,详细分析了二次谐波时域脉冲包络积分表达式的物理意义;该积分表达式可表征基频兰姆波时域脉冲传播过程中的二次谐波发生效率,以及基频与二倍频兰姆波模式之间的频散程度。在基频与二倍频兰姆波相速度相等(或近似相等)的频率附近,实验观察到显著的且无模式混叠的二次谐波信号,显示出在兰姆波的传播过程中的确可存在强烈的非线性效应。对于三种不同粘接情形的复合板材,实验结果表明,采用本文引入的非线性兰姆波应力波因子,结合二次谐波幅频曲线峰值所对应的频率值,可有效地对板材粘接层性质进行表征。  相似文献   

9.
苏娜娜  韩庆邦  蒋謇 《物理学报》2019,68(8):84301-084301
为研究无限大流体约束的孔隙圆柱中周向导波的传播规律,分析孔隙参数对导波传播特性的影响,建立了无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱的理论模型,利用孔隙介质弹性波动理论,建立了周向导波频散方程,通过数值模拟计算得到无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱的频散曲线,探讨了圆柱半径和孔隙参数对导波传播特性的影响,并对导波的衰减特性进行了分析;通过数值计算,得到了周向导波的时域波形,讨论了孔隙参数对波形的影响.结果表明,孔隙介质圆柱半径的改变影响圆柱尺度,孔隙度的改变影响孔隙介质中体声波的波速,都对周向导波频散曲线产生一定的影响,所得到的频散曲线特征及衰减曲线与时域波形吻合.研究结果对开展无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱的超声无损评价提供了一定的理论参考.  相似文献   

10.
用于储罐底板缺陷检测的超声兰姆波模式研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
从超声兰姆波的声场方程出发,得到板材表面离面位移(法向位移)为零的条件,即当超声兰姆波的相速度等于板材介质的纵波声速时,在板材表面的离面位移为零。在给定适当频厚积的条件下,分别数值模拟了仅有切向位移而无离面位移的A1、S1、A2和S2兰姆波模式在有液体负载的单层钢板中的传播情形。结果表明:离面位移为零的S2模式频散较小且对板中缺陷更为敏感。  相似文献   

11.
The propagation of Lamb waves in a plate bordered with layers of a liquid.   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The influence of liquid layers on the propagation of Lamb waves in a plate of finite thickness is studied theoretically. The dispersion equations of Lamb waves in a plate bordered with layers of liquids are derived. Numerical solutions of the equations show that the phase velocity of Lamb waves changes with the thickness of the liquid layers. For the lowest antisymmetrical mode of very thin plates, the numerical results calculated from the dispersion equations are compared with those derived from the bending wave acoustic impedance approach. The limitation of the latter is discussed. Applications of Lamb waves pertinent to biosensing are also presented.  相似文献   

12.
多通道超声兰姆波检测板状结构中的裂纹   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
张正罡  刘丹  他得安 《应用声学》2015,34(3):189-194
超声兰姆(Lamb)波在结构缺陷检测方面愈来愈受到重视,但目前Lamb波的应用局限于单信号源激励,单通道接收的方法,容易受到噪声干扰,其后续的信号分析处理也比较复杂。本文旨在采用多通道Lamb波对板状结构中的裂纹进行定量分析与诊断。在铝板的表面凿刻出不同深度的凹槽作为裂纹,通过线阵换能器采集在一定传播距离内的多通道Lamb波信号,并采用二维傅里叶变换分析在不同深度的裂纹下,Lamb波模式能量的变化规律。结果表明,相对于完好铝板中的Lamb波信号,裂纹的存在会使Lamb波发生模式转换现象,并且转换模式能量百分比随裂纹深度的增加而线性增加。其结果为Lamb波评价板状结构中的裂纹状况提供了一种可能的方法。  相似文献   

13.
两侧有固体层负载时板中Lamb波的传播   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
本文研究了薄板二面有固体导负载时板中Lamb波的传播,从弹性波理论出发并结合应的边界条件,导出板中Lamb波的色散方程,数值计算表示,不管作为自由状态时板中Lamb波相速(板厚取定时)是大于或小于外层固体的声表面波波速,板中对称及反对称模式的Lamb波相速都随着外层固体层厚度增加而变化并且渐近于外层固体的声表面波波速,数值计算又表明,对很薄的板,板中对称及反对称模式的相速均随负载板的厚度呈线性变化  相似文献   

14.
This paper studies the mode selection of Lamb waves for evaluating solid plates with liquid loading. For this purpose, the Lamb wave selected should have the features such as zero normal displacement components at the plate surface in contact with liquid, small dispersion, and maximum group velocity. It is found that when the phase velocity of Lamb wave is equal to the longitudinal wave velocity of the plate material, its normal displacement at the plate surface is always zero. Through the numerical analyses, the specific S2 Lamb wave that has zero normal displacement component at the plate surface, small dispersion and maximum group velocity compared with the other Lamb waves has been found. With respect to the specific S2 Lamb wave, some experimental examinations have been carried out. It is found that the liquid loading on the plate surface has less influence on the specific S2 Lamb wave signal but it can effectively eliminate the other signals. Moreover, the specific S2 Lamb wave selected exhibits the capability of detecting multiple defects in the solid plate with the liquid loading. It can be concluded that the specific S2 Lamb wave selected is suitable for the evaluation of solid plates with liquid loading.  相似文献   

15.
The reflection of coupled Rayleigh-like waves from surface defects in elastic plates is investigated experimentally and analyzed on the basis of an analytical model and finite difference simulations. The propagation of Rayleigh-like waves in plates is characterized by an energy transfer to the opposite plate side and back over a distance called the beat length. Experimental results clearly show this beating effect and its dependency on the frequency-thickness product, and excellent agreement is obtained with existing analytical predictions. The propagation and scattering are modeled separately for the fundamental A(0) and S(0) Lamb modes that constitute the incident Rayleigh-like wave. The reflection coefficients from surface slots are investigated using finite difference simulations and the reflected Rayleigh-like wave is obtained by superposition. The theoretical model reveals strong dependencies of the reflected field on the ratio between excitation distance and beat length and on the cutoff frequencies of specific higher Lamb modes. Standard pulse-echo measurements allow for the detection of small defects from a remote transducer location. Good agreement is obtained between the predicted and measured amplitude spectra of the reflected Rayleigh-like wave. The developed model allows for the evaluation of defect location and damaged plate side using a combination of time-of-flight and frequency measurements.  相似文献   

16.
为了研究激光激发出的超声波在带过渡圆角的金属平板上的传播规律和检测表面缺陷的方法,采用有限元法模拟了该类平板中的激光超声现象,分析了表面波在圆角区域的传播规律和与表面缺陷的作用过程。数值结果表明:激光激发出纵波、横波和Rayleigh波等,其中Rayleigh波主要存在于表面mm量级,并且在过渡圆角处发生模式转换生成了直达波R′和模式转换波RR等多种表面波;经过过渡区域后的声波在表面缺陷处发生了反射和透射现象,通过B扫图可以检测缺陷的位置。随着缺陷深度的增加,表面波的透射系数不断减小,且透射波Rt和Rst存在0.5 μs左右的到达时间差,该时间差与缺陷深度近似成线性正相关。数值结果为激光超声检测带过渡圆角的平板表面缺陷提供了有价值的参考。  相似文献   

17.
该文运用解析的方式推导了考虑声波衰减时兰姆波二次谐波的累积和传播规律,并用半解析方式将该理论推广到缓慢变厚度板的情况。由于色散特性,兰姆波二次谐波和基频波相速度不匹配,传播通常会产生拍频效应,使得二次谐波的振幅沿着传播距离周期性的归零。当考虑声波衰减或板的厚度缓慢变化的情况时,拍频效应将不再严格地被满足。二次谐波的振幅依然会沿着传播距离而振荡,但不会归零。该研究可以用于分析如何高效地激发和接收兰姆波的二次谐波,表征和评估不同厚度变化的结构中的微观结构损伤。  相似文献   

18.
In this paper, Lamb wave propagation in a homogeneous and isotropic non-classical micro/nano-plates is investigated. To consider the effect of material microstructure on the wave propagation, three size-dependent models namely indeterminate-, modified- and consistent couple stress theories are used to extract the dispersion equations. In the mentioned theories, a parameter called ‘characteristic length’ is used to consider the size of material microstructure in the governing equations. To generalize the parametric studies and examine the effect of thickness, propagation wavelength, and characteristic length on the behavior of miniature plate structures, the governing equations are nondimensionalized by defining appropriate dimensionless parameters. Then the dispersion curves for phase and group velocities are plotted in terms of a wide frequency-thickness range to study the lamb waves propagation considering microstructure effects in very high frequencies. According to the illustrated results, it was observed that the couple stress theories in the Cosserat type material predict more rigidity than the classical theory; so that in a plate with constant thickness, by increasing the thickness to characteristic length ratio, the results approach to the classical theory, and by reducing this ratio, wave propagation speed in the plate is significantly increased. In addition, it is demonstrated that for high-frequency Lamb waves, it converges to dispersive Rayleigh wave velocity.  相似文献   

19.
A whole-field optical technique of high sensitivity, namely pulsed TV holography with phase evaluation by the Spatial Fourier Transform Method, is applied to the acquisition of instantaneous displacement fields of ultrasonic Lamb waves in aluminium plates a few millimetres thick. Two Lamb modes, the A0 and S0 ones, are simultaneously generated in the plate, producing a clear beating. Several values of the beat wavelength, corresponding to different excitation frequencies, are obtained by direct measurement of the distance between nodes in the wave field. The obtained values are fitted to the theoretical Rayleigh–Lamb frequency spectrum in order to determine the elastic constants of the plate material. We conclude that it is necessary to know the value of another parameter to univocally solve the problem, and so the bulk longitudinal wave velocity is measured by the pulse-echo method. Then the Poisson's ratio is obtained and, from these two parameters, the Young's modulus can also be determined.  相似文献   

20.
Time-frequency analysis of the dispersion of Lamb modes.   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
Accurate knowledge of the velocity dispersion of Lamb modes is important for ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation methods used in detecting and locating flaws in thin plates and in determining their elastic stiffness coefficients. Lamb mode dispersion is also important in the acoustic emission technique for accurately triangulating the location of emissions in thin plates. In this research, the ability to characterize Lamb mode dispersion through a time-frequency analysis (the pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution) was demonstrated. A major advantage of time-frequency methods is the ability to analyze acoustic signals containing multiple propagation modes, which overlap and superimpose in the time domain signal. By combining time-frequency analysis with a broadband acoustic excitation source, the dispersion of multiple Lamb modes over a wide frequency range can be determined from as little as a single measurement. In addition, the technique provides a direct measurement of the group velocity dispersion. The technique was first demonstrated in the analysis of a simulated waveform in an aluminum plate in which the Lamb mode dispersion was well known. Portions of the dispersion curves of the A0, A1, S0, and S2 Lamb modes were obtained from this one waveform. The technique was also applied for the analysis of experimental waveforms from a unidirectional graphite/epoxy composite plate. Measurements were made both along and perpendicular to the fiber direction. In this case, the signals contained only the lowest order symmetric and antisymmetric modes. A least squares fit of the results from several source to detector distances was used. Theoretical dispersion curves were calculated and are shown to be in good agreement with experimental results.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号