碳纳米管的热解法制备、电子显微镜观察及拉曼光谱研究

以二茂铁和二甲苯为原料在Ar和H2 气氛中不同温度下热解制备出了不同直径分布的碳纳米管。在 740℃、780℃、82 0℃和 880℃下制备出的碳纳米管的外径分布分别为 1 7-80nm、2 0 - 73nm、40 - 70nm、1 7- 2 7nm。拉曼光谱和透射电子显微镜 (TEM )观察表明 ,在82 0℃下制备的碳纳米管晶形最完整     

荧光染料掺杂的高效率、高亮度白色有机电致发光器件

制备了结构为 ITO/NPB（30 nm）/Rubrene（0.2 nm）/CBP：Bczvbi（8 nm,x%）/Bphen（30 nm）/Cs₂CO₃：Ag₂O（2 nm,20%）/Al（100 nm）的器件。研究了Bczvbi掺杂浓度（x=5,10,15）对白光器件性能的影响。综合利用发光层中主客体之间的能量转移和空穴阻挡层的空穴阻挡特性,得到了高效率、高亮度的白色有机电致发光器件。当Bczvbi的掺杂质量分数为10%时,器件的效率和亮度都为最大。驱动电压为7 V时,最大电流效率为4.61 cd/A;驱动电压为9 V时,最大亮度为21 240 cd/m²。当驱动电压从4 V增加到9 V时,色坐标从（0.36,0.38）变化为（0.27,0.29）,均处于白光区域。     

新型双噻吩衍生物的合成、晶体结构及光谱性能

通过Suzuki偶联反应,用不同基团对双噻吩原料上的溴原子进行取代后合成了一系列双噻吩衍生物:3-(5′-溴-[2,2-双噻吩]-5-基)吡啶(Dt-1)、5,5-双(吡啶-3-基)-2,2-双噻吩(Dt-2)、5-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,2-双噻吩(Dt-3)、5,5-双(3,4,5-三氟苯基)-2,2-双噻吩(Dt-4)。通过红外光谱(IR)、质谱(MS)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)及单晶X射线衍射对其结构进行了表征。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究了其发光性能。结果表明,在CH_2Cl_2溶液中,化合物Dt-1在349 nm激发光作用下在390～470 nm区域有较强的双荧光发射行为,两个最大发射峰分别为403 nm和422 nm;化合物Dt-2在372 nm激发光作用下在400～480 nm区域即紫色和蓝色光区有较强的双荧光发射行为,最大发射峰分别为430 nm和440 nm;化合物Dt-3在349 nm激发光作用下在418 nm处有最强的荧光发射;化合物Dt-4在371 nm激发光作用下于436 nm处有最强的荧光发射。由于双噻吩共轭结构中引入的吸/给电子基团增加了π电子的流动性以及共轭程度,增强了分子间的相互作用力,振动弛豫现象以及斯托克斯位移(Stokes shifts)的产生引发的能量损失导致最大吸收峰向长波方向移动。     

一种橙光磷光铱(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及光电性质研究

采用二氯甲烷为溶剂,无水碳酸钾为缚酸剂,在25℃温和条件下,以2-苯基-4-甲基喹啉铱(III)氯桥二聚体[(4m2pq)2Ir(μ-Cl)2Ir(4m2pq)2]和乙酰丙酮(Hacac)进行配位,反应合成了新型铱(Ⅲ)配合物[(4m2pq)2Ir(acac)]。通过核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、碳谱(13C NMR)、X射线单晶衍射等确定分子结构,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、发射光谱对其光物理性质进行研究。结果表明:(4m2pq)2Ir(acac)的单晶结构属三斜晶系,空间群为P1;(4m2pq)2Ir(acac)在二氯甲烷溶液中呈橙光发射,发射峰为597 nm,磷光寿命0.33μs,量子效率达50.4%。以(4m2pq)2Ir(acac)为客体掺杂在CBP中,制备了结构为ITO/NPB(30 nm)/CBP:(4m2pq)2Ir(acac)(质量分数6%和8%,20 nm)/BCP(10 nm)/Alq3(20 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(150 nm)的橙色磷光有机电致发光器件,器件的最大亮度达到39 667 cd/m2,发射峰位于597 nm,最大电流效率为14.2 cd/A,最大功率效率为8.1 lm/W。     

两种苯并咪唑超分子化合物的水热合成、晶体结构及光谱学性质

利用水热反应合成了两种超分子化合物1,2-二（2-苯并咪唑基）乙烷硫酸盐[（C16H16N4）.（HSO4）2.（H2O）2]（1）和5-（2-苯并咪唑基）-1,3-苯二甲酸[C15H10N2O4]（2）。通过元素分析、红外光谱及紫外光谱对标题化合物进行了表征,并用单晶X射线衍射测定了其晶体结构。两个化合物均属于单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,超分子化合物（1）的晶格参数：Mr=494.48,a=0.7089（2）nm,b=1.7922（5）nm,c=0.8584（2）nm,β=106.250（4）°,V=1.0471（5）nm3,Z=2,Dc=1.562g/cm3,F（000）=512,μ=0.318mm-1,GOF=1.046,R1=0.0518,wR2=0.1710;超分子化合物（2）的晶格参数：Mr=282.23,a=1.4345（3）nm,b=1.6748（4）nm,c=1.0628（2）nm,β=93.364（4）°,V=2.5490（10）nm3,Z=8,Dc=1.460g/cm3,F（000）=1152,μ=0.109mm-1,GOF=1.098,R1=0.0473,wR2=0.1341。两个化合物分子间通过氢键及π-π堆积作用相互形成三维网状超分子结构。     

Nd~(3+):SrY_2O_4粉体的制备、结构与光谱性能研究

为探索新型激光晶体,采用固相法合成了(3 at.%)Nd~(3+):SrY_2O_4多晶,对其结构和发光性质进行了研究.对样品的X射线衍射谱进行Rietveld精修得到了样品的晶胞参数、原子位置等.在353 nm激发下,Nd~(3+):SrY_2O_4在可见波段的最强荧光峰位于419 nm,对应Nd3+的2D15/2→4I9/2跃迁.在824 nm激发下,Nd3+的4F3/2→4I11/2跃迁的荧光谱带宽约为90 nm,最强峰为1083 nm,荧光寿命为281.7μs.宽发射光谱和长的能级寿命表明,Nd~(3+):SrY_2O_4是一种很有希望的新波长激光二极管抽运超短脉冲激光材料.     

五磷酸铈、锰晶体的发光

本文用蒸发溶液法生长了一系列CeP5O14:Mn晶体,测定了它们的组成和结构.测定了晶体的吸收光谱,激发光谱和发射光谱,观察到Ce3+→Mn2+之间的能量转移和在此体系中锰离子在545nm附近和665nm附近两个波段同时进行发射,并随着锰含量的增加,665nm的荧光强度下降而545nm的强度增加.     

SiO2纳米线簇、C-Si-O纳米球的制备及形貌、红外光谱和光致发光光谱研究

以二茂铁和硅油作为催化剂和原料,利用高温裂解硅油为C,Si,O源,在常压N₂和H₂混合气氛的化学气相沉积管式炉中制备了大量直径为5—40 nm、长数百纳米的非晶SiO₂纳米线簇及粒径为100—300 nm的C-Si-O实心纳米球. 利用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对产物形貌进行表征.Fourier红外吸收谱显示出非晶SiO₂所具有的474,802和1100 cm^-1三个特征峰;SiO₂纳米线簇的光致发光光谱具有较强440 nm蓝光发光峰;而C-Si-O（原子数之比为1.13∶1∶2.35）纳米球具有奇特的红绿蓝（625,540,466 nm）三色光致发光谱. 关键词： 2纳米线簇')" href="#">SiO₂纳米线簇 C-Si-O纳米球 高温裂解 Fourier红外谱     

光谱学 光谱分析、光谱测量

O433.4 2004053299 ~(127)I_2在532nm波段谱线的理论计算=Theoretical calculation of spectra for ~(127)I_2 near 532 nm[刊,中]/彭月祥(北京交通大学理学院,北京(100044)),李文博…∥光电子·激光。—2003,14(11),—1215-1218 报道了计算~(127)I_2B-X跃迁谱线频率及谱线的超精细     

Ce~(3+)、Tb~(3+)在SrZnP_2O_7材料中的发光及能量传递

采用高温固相法制备了Ce3+、Tb3+激活的SrZnP2O7材料,并研究了材料的发光性质。在290 nm紫外光激发下,SrZnP2O7∶Ce3+材料的发射光谱为双峰宽谱,主峰位于329 nm。SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射光谱由420,443,491,545,587,625 nm六个峰组成,分别对应Tb3+的5D3→7F5、5D3→7F4、5D4→7F6、5D4→7F5、5D4→7F4和5D4→7F3特征发射;监测545 nm最强发射峰,所得激发光谱覆盖200~400 nm,主峰为380 nm。研究了Ce3+、Tb3+在SrZnP2O7材料中的能量传递过程,发现,Ce3+对Tb3+具有很强的敏化作用,提高了SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射强度,当Ce3+摩尔分数为3%时,SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射强度提高了近2倍。引入电荷补偿剂可提高SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射强度,其中以掺入Li+和Cl-时效果最明显。     

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: technique,new features,and detection limits of trace elements in Al base alloy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has proven to be extremely versatile, providing multielement analysis in real time without sample preparation. The principle is based on the ablation of a small amount of target material by interaction of a strong laser beam with a solid target. The laser must have sufficient energy to excite atoms and to ionize them to produce plasma. We aimed to improve the LIBS limit of detection (LOD) and the precision of spectral lines emitted from the produced plasma by optimizing the parameters affecting the LIBS technique. LIBS LOD is affected by many experimental parameters such as interferences, self-absorption, spectral overlap, signal-to-noise ratio, and matrix effects. The plasma in the present study is generated by focusing a 6-ns pulsed Nd–YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength of 1,064 nm onto the Al target in air at atmospheric pressure. The emission spectra are recorded using an SE 200 Echelle spectrometer manufactured by the Catalina Corporation; it is equipped with an ICCD camera type Andor model iStar DH734-18. This spectrometer allows time-resolved spectral acquisition over the whole UV-NIR (200–1,000 nm) spectral range. Calibration curves for Cu, Mg, Mn, Si, Cr, and Fe were obtained with linear regression coefficients around 99 % on the average in aluminum standard alloy samples. The determined LOD has very useful improvements for Cu I at 521.85 nm, Si I at 288.15 nm, Mn I at 482.34 nm, and Cr I at 520.84 nm spectral lines. LOD is improved by 83.8 % for Cu, 49 % for Si, 84.3 % for Mn, and 45 % for Cr lower with respect to the previous works.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定不锈钢中的组分

用X射线荧光光谱法测定了不锈钢中Si、Mn、P、Cu、Ti、W、Mo、V、Ni、Cr、Nb等11种元素的含量。对磨样条件、准确度和精密度进行了实验,实验表明本方法与化学法所测结果相符。     

掺稀土元素Dy和Mn,P,Cu的MgSO4的热释发光光谱

实验测定了MgSO₄:Dy,Mn和MgSO₄:Dy,P以及MgSO₄:Dy,P ,Cu等的热释光磷光体的三维发光谱.结果表明,掺入Dy的MgSO₄磷光体的热释发 光谱线的波长与Dy³⁺离子的能级跃迁相关,Dy³⁺为热释光主要发光 中心.MgSO₄中只掺入Mn时,温度在140℃和190℃附近呈现波长为660nm宽范围的 连续发光带,这是Mn形成的发光中心的 关键词： 热释发光光谱 稀土元素镝 硫酸镁     

New diluted ferromagnets based on diamond-like semiconductors GaSb,InSb, InAs,Ge, and Si,supersaturated with manganese or iron impurities during laser epitaxy

The electric, magnetic, and magneto-optical properties of thin (50–100 nm) GaSb:Mn, InSb:Mn, InAs:Mn, Ge:Mn, Ge:Fe, Si:Mn, and Si:Fe layers with a Curie point up to 500 K, obtained by laser plasma deposition in vacuum in the case of strong supersaturation of a solid solution with a 3d impurity, have been experimentally investigated.     

Investigation and simulation of the structural and electronic properties of LiF:Mg,LiF:Cu,LiF:P nano-layer dosimeters

In this study, electronic structure of lithium fluoride thin films in pure state and doped with magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu) and phosphorus (P) impurities was studied using WIEN2K Code. The structural and electronic properties of two LiF thin films with 1.61 and 4.05?nm thicknesses were studied and compared. Results show that the distance of atoms in the surface and central layers of pure LiF are 1.975 and 2.03?nm, respectively. Electronic density of the valence band around the surface atoms is greater than that around middle atoms of the supercell. The band gap of bulk LiF is 9?eV. But, in the case of thin films, it is reduced to 2?eV. Electronic and hole-traps were not observed in composition of LiF thin films doped with Mg and P with 1.61 and 4.05?nm thickness and in fact, metallic properties were observed. When Cu atoms were doped in composition of an LiF thin film, the thin film was converted to semiconductor.     

Chemical effect on the K shell fluorescence yield of Fe, Mn, Co, Cr and Cu compounds

Chemical effects on the K shell fluorescence yields of Fe, Mn, Co, Cr and Cu compounds were investigated. Samples were excited using 59.5 keV energy photons from a²⁴¹ Am radioisotope source. K X-rays emitted by samples were counted by a Si(Li) detector with a resolution 160 eV at 5.9 keV. Chemical effects on the K shell fluorescence yields (ωk) for Fe, Mn, Co, Cr and Cu compounds were observed. The values are compared with theoretical, semiempirical fit and experimental ones for the pure elements.     

杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石层柱相互作用的光电子能谱研究

本文用Ｘ－光电子能谱仪对二十二种同多和杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石层和柱中元素电子结合能的化学位移进行了研究。同时通过ＩＲ，ＸＲＤ的分析，对ＸＰＳ结果的讨论提供了一定的补充，探讨了同层不同柱，同性不同层的ＰＯＭ－ＬＤＨＳ的层柱相互作用机理。     

激光诱导击穿光谱法对钢铁偏析样品的分析

经典判断钢铁样品是否存在偏析带方法有金相显微及硫印方法,其缺点在于分析速度慢,且无法提供元素的含量分布信息。文中在最佳实验条件下,采用激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS),在空间横向分辨率约为100 μm左右对两块钢铁中低合金板坯及均匀样品扫描分析,在建立校准曲线的基础上,将元素强度二维分布转化为含量二维分布。研究表明,编号为86#样品C,Si,Mn,P,S及Cu等元素存在明显的偏析,编号为174#样品C,Si,P,Ti等元素存在明显的偏析,并对偏析带的宽度进行估算,其偏析带的位置及宽度与金相显微分析方法相吻合。对均匀样品扫描分析,C,Si,Mn,P,S等元素均匀分布,不存在偏析带,通过元素强度或含量二维分布图可间接反映样品的均匀性。与传统的金相分析方法相比较,LIBS不仅可快速准确体现样品偏析带位置及宽度,而且还可同时提供元素含量分布(如C,Si,Mn,P,S等元素)等方面的信息。此方法可用于快速对钢铁样品是否存在偏析带及其宽度进行表怔,从而为钢铁冶炼工艺的改进提供理论依据。     

Photophysical and photoluminescence properties of co-activated ZnS:Cu,Mn phosphors

ZnS:Cu,Mn phosphors were prepared by conventional solid state reaction with the aid of NaCl-MgCl₂ flux at 900 °C. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, UV-vis absorbance spectra and photoluminescence spectra. All samples possess cubic structure. Cu has a much stronger effect on the absorption property of ZnS than Mn. Incorporation of Mn into ZnS host only slightly enhances the light absorption, while addition of Cu remarkably increases the ability of absorption due to ground state Cu⁺ absorption. The emission spectra of the ZnS:Cu,Mn phosphors consist of three bands centered at about 452, 520 and 580 nm, respectively. Introduction of Mn significantly quenches the green luminescence of ZnS:Cu. The excitation energy absorbed by Cu is efficiently transferred to Mn activators non-radiatively and the Mn luminescence can be sensitized by Cu behaving as a sensitizer (energy donor).     

Measurement of X-ray production cross-sections of Ti,V, Cr,Mn, Fe,Co, Ni and Cu molecules

K shell X-ray production cross-sections in the Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu in the molecules were studied at 59.5 keV excitation energy by using a Si(Li) detector ( FWHM = 155 eV at 5.96 keV). The present results are compared with other theoretical values.