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1.
采用离子交换法在不同煅烧温度下制备HMOR负载Cu(Cu/HMOR)催化剂,用于催化二甲醚(DME)羰基化合成乙酸甲酯(MA)反应. 活性测试结果表明430 oC煅烧制得Cu/HMOR具有较好催化活性,在210 oC、1.5 MPa、空速4883 h-1下DME转化率为97.2%,MA选择性为97.9%. 对催化剂进行X射线衍射、N2物理吸附、NH3程序升温脱附、CO程序升温脱附及拉曼方法表征. 催化剂经一定的煅烧温度有利于Cu离子迁移及扩散和硝酸铜完全分解,从而使HMOR载体具有较多的酸性活性位、大比表面、适宜的微孔结构以及更多的CO吸附位.  相似文献   

2.
利用微分电化学质谱和电化学原位衰减全反射红外光谱技术探究了Cu和CuPd催化剂上CO2和CO的电化学还原行为. 红外光谱观察到了生成甲醇、甲烷与乙烯的CHx中间物种. 在CuPd电极CO2还原过程中,红外光谱的CO吸附峰起始电位比Cu正移大约300 mV,说明CuPd能够有效促进CO2还原;CO饱和溶液中,Cu和CuPd电极CO起始吸附电位基本相同;两电极上CO谱带出现的电位与CO32-的谱带降低的电位基本相同,说明CO的吸附需要CO32-的脱附. 利用电化学在线质谱发现在CuPd电极上CO还原产生CH4和CH3OH的起始电位比Cu电极正移约200 mV. 推测催化活性的提升可能是由于Pd的引入改变了Cu的d能带,且Pd吸附更多的H,从而促进CO2还原,使CO能够与H结合并被深度还原.  相似文献   

3.
本文利用程序升温脱附技术研究了氧空位浓度对甲基基团和CO在R-TiO2(110)表面吸附的影响. 结果表明,随着氧空位浓度的变化,吸附在桥氧位的甲基基团和吸附在五配位Ti4+位点上的CO分子的脱附温度呈现了不同的趋势,揭示了表面缺陷可能对R-TiO2(110)不同位点上的物质吸附具有重要影响.  相似文献   

4.
研究了铈掺杂及沉淀方法对铜锰氧化物催化剂的结构特性及室温催化氧化CO性能的影响. 使用X射线衍射、N2吸附脱附、等离子体发射光谱、程序升温还原、紫外可见漫反射以及X射线光电子能谱等手段对各催化剂进行了表征. 发现掺杂少量的铈于铜锰氧化物催化剂中,CeO2相高度分散并能阻止催化剂的烧结和团聚,所制得的催化剂的颗粒较小,氧化还原性能提高,比表面增大,并形成了较多的活性位点,使其对CO的催化氧化性能明显提高.  相似文献   

5.
本文利用266 nm波长的激光及程序升温脱附的方法研究了甲醇在ZnO(0001)表面的光催化反应. TPD结果显示部分的CH3OH以分子的形式吸附在ZnO(0001)表面,而另外一部分在表面发生了解离. 实验过程中探测到H2,CH3·,H2O,CO,CH2O,CO2和CH3OH这些热反应产物. 紫外激光照射实验结果表明光照可以促进CH3OH/CH3O·解离形成CH2O,在程序升温或光照的过程中它又可以转变为HCOO-. CH2OHZn与OHad反应在Zn位点上形成H2O分子. 升温或光照都能促进CH3O·转变为CH3·. 该研究对CH3OH在ZnO(0001)表面的光催化反应机理提供了一个新的见解.  相似文献   

6.
通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了一系列Mn掺杂K-Co-Mo催化剂,并利用X射线衍射、N2吸脱附、NH3程序升温脱附、原位漫反射红外光谱以及X射线吸收谱等技术对催化剂的结构进行了表征.活性测试结果显示Mn掺杂催化剂比未掺杂催化剂表现更高的合成低碳醇的催化活性,尤其是C2+醇的选择性得到了明显的提高.醇产物分布偏离了ASF分布规律,甲醇的含量显著减少,乙醇成为主要醇产物.表征结果表明Mn助剂的加入增强了Co和Mo之间的相互作用,促进了醇生成活性中心Co-Mo-O物种的生成.显著减少了催化剂强酸性位的数量,促进了弱酸性位的产生,有利于醇产物的生成.助剂的加入有利于催化剂对CO的线性和桥式吸附,促进了醇产物的生成和碳链的增长,提高了催化剂对C2+醇的选择性.  相似文献   

7.
以传统的浸渍法,在不同焙烧温度下制备了用于CO氧化反应的Co3O4/SiO2催化剂.通过激光拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、程序升温还原(TPR)和X射线吸收精细结构谱(XAFS)表征了该系列催化剂的结构.在所有的催化剂中,XRD和Raman光谱都只检测到了Co3O4晶相的存在.与Co3O4体相相比,XPS结果表明在200 oC焙烧的(Co3O4(200)/SiO2)催化剂中Co3O4表面上存在着过量的Co2+.与XPS的结果一致,TPR结果表明Co3O4(200)/SiO2催化剂中Co3O4表面上存在氧缺陷, 并且XAFS结果也表明Co3O4(200)/SiO2催化剂中Co3O4具有更多的Co2+.提高焙烧温度使得过量的Co2+进一步氧化为Co3+,同时降低了表面氧缺陷浓度,从而得到计量比的Co3O44/SiO2催化剂.在所有的负载催化剂中Co3O4(200)/SiO2催化剂表现出了最好的CO氧化催化性能,表明过量Co2+和表面氧缺陷的存在能够促进Co3O4催化CO氧化反应的活性.  相似文献   

8.
采用溶胶凝胶法与等体积浸渍相结合制备了一系列以粘土为载体的K-Co-Mo催化剂. 采用XRD、N2等温吸脱附、H26+的还原,但对Mo4+和Co2+的还原没有明显的影响. 催化剂经还原后,在其表面生成了一种更低价态的Moδ+(1<δ<4)物种,被认为是合成醇的活性中心. 与非负载催化剂相比,粘土担载的K-Co-Mo具有更高的合成醇性能. 负载型催化剂具有较高的活性物种分散度,并且其介孔结构在一定程度上延长了合成醇反应中间体的滞留时间,从而促进了低碳醇的生成. 经773 K还原的催化剂具有较高的活性,其原因可为催化剂表面具有较高含量的Moδ+物种.  相似文献   

9.
利用一种简单的方法制备不含任何表面活性剂并具有高甲醇氧化活性的Pt和PtRu纳米电催化剂. 以CO为还原剂, CO和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为保护剂和载体,通过一步反应得到沉积在多壁碳纳米管上Pt纳米粒子,在制备过程中无需使用任何有机溶剂或表面活性剂. 利用循环伏安法和计时电流法表征了所合成催化剂的甲醇氧化活性,甲醇氧化的峰电位(ca. 0.9 V vs. RHE)处的电流密度和比质量电流高达11.6 mA/cm2 和860 mA/mgPt. 在Pt/MWCNTs表面电沉积Ru后,催化剂在低电位处的甲醇氧化活性得到提高,其在0.5和0.6 V的稳态比质量电流分别达到了20和80 mA/mg.  相似文献   

10.
本文基于第一性原理的微观动力学模拟方法,对Cu(221)和CuZn(221)上一氧化碳和二氧化碳加氢到甲醇进行了系统的理论计算研究.研究发现,碳转化率在两个表面上均表现出相同的活性顺序:CO加氢活性 > CO/CO2混合加氢活性 > CO2加氢活性.CO的高转化活性源于其基元反应能垒低于CO2甲醇合成的基元反应能垒.相比于Cu(221)表面,Zn的掺杂显著降低了甲醇合成活性,尤其是CO加氢的活性.对于CO和CO2共存的情况,研究发现CO是Cu(221)甲醇合成的主要碳源,而CuZn(221)上的碳源则由CO和CO2共同提供.反应速控度分析表明,CO/CO2混合气甲醇合成的速控步在Cu(221)表面是HCO、HCOO的加氢,而在CuZn(221)表面速控步则是HCOOH的加氢.这些研究结果表明铜基催化剂上Zn的表面合金效应、以及合成气组分对甲醇合成的活性和反应通道具有重要的影响.  相似文献   

11.
采用超声处理辅助浸渍法制备了多壁碳纳米管负载的Cu-Co复合氧化物催化剂. 利用XRD、TEM、H2-TPR、XPS和Raman光谱等表征了催化剂的结构性质. 在Cu和Co氧化物以及金属氧化物与碳纳米管载体间存在强相互作用. 催化剂在富氢气氛中CO催化消除反应中,与单一Cu或Co催化剂相比,Cu-Co复合氧化物催化剂表现出独特的反应特性,特别是在较高反应温度下可同时结合CO优先氧化和CO甲烷化的反应途径来实现高效CO消除. 当Cu/Co比为1/8时活性最优,可以实现在150~250 o和高反应空速 (120 L/(h·g))富氢气氛中CO的完全消除.  相似文献   

12.
Cu/SiO2 catalysts with different bimodal pore structures adjusted by the ratio of HMS and silica sol were prepared via modified impregnation method. Structure evolutions of the catalyst were systematically characterized by N2-physisorption, X-ray diffraction, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, N2O titration and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the composite silica supported copper catalysts showed remarkably enhanced catalytic performance in the selective hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethylene glycol compared to the individual silica supported ones obtained by the same method. The dimethyl oxalate conversion and the ethylene glycol selectivity can reach 100% and 98% at 473 K with 2.5 MPa H2 pressure and 1.5 h−1 liquid hour space velocity of dimethyl oxalate over the optimized Cu/SiO2 catalyst. The remarkably enhanced catalytic performance of Cu/SiO2 catalysts might be attributed to the homogeneous dispersion and uniformity of the active copper species and to the larger copper surface areas attained on the HMS supports with large pore diameters and surface areas.  相似文献   

13.
Selected thermal desorption and valence band photoemission data on the chemisorption of CO on PtCu(111) surfaces are presented. The main objective is to make a comparison with CO chemisorption on an annealed (1 × 3) reconstructed Pt0.98Cu0.02(110) surface. The (111) alloy surfaces are unreconstructed (1 × 1) surfaces, with average near-surface Cu concentrations ranging from ? 7.5% to ? 20% as indicated by the Cu 920 eV Auger signal. It is observed that the effect of alloying Pt(111) with Cu is to progressively lower the desorption peak temperature and hence the free energy of CO desorption from Pt sites. A second observation is that the energy distribution of the Cu 3d-derived states is little affected by CO adsorption on Cu sites at 155 K. Both these results offer a contrast to the results for CO/Pt0.98Cu0.02(110) reported earlier.  相似文献   

14.
Catalytic decomposition of NO over Cu-Os/13X has been carried out in a tubular fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure and the results were compared with literature data performed by high-throughput screening (HTS). The activity and durability of Cu-Os/13X prepared by conventional ion-exchange method have been investigated in the presence of H2O and SO2. It was found that Cu-Os/13X prepared by ion-exchange shows a high activity in a wide temperature range in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with C3H6 compared to Cu/13X, proving the existence of more NO adsorption site on Cu-Os/13X. However, Cu-Os/13X exhibited low activity in the presence of water, and was quite different from the result reported in literature. SO2 resistance is also low and does not recover its original activity when the SO2 was blocked in the feed gas stream. This result suggested that catalytic activity between combinatorial screening and conventional testing should be compared to confirm the validity of high-throughput screening.  相似文献   

15.
Pure and Li2O-doped CuO/CeO2 catalysts calcined at 500 °C were prepared by impregnation method. The catalysts are characterized by DTA, TG-DTG, XRD, IR, TEM, nitrogen adsorption at −196 °C and the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide at 30 °C.The effects of molar ratio, heat treatment time and the doping on the structural, surface and catalytic properties of nanocrystalline Cu/Ce-mixed oxides system have been studied. It was found that the catalytic activity of ceria-supported copper oxide catalysts increased by increasing both the heat treatment time and dopant content. However, the pure Cu/Ce-mixed oxide solids containing 10 wt.% CuO exhibited the best performance. The characterization results indicated that the higher surface area, the formation of solid solution between copper and cerium oxides, and the high dispersion of copper species on the ceria were responsible for the high catalytic activity of the CuO/CeO2 catalysts.  相似文献   

16.
The interaction of methanol with Cu, monoclinic ZrO2, and Cu/m-ZrO2 catalysts has been investigated by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and reaction (TPRS) with the aim of understanding the nature of the surface sites and the mechanism involved in methanol decomposition. A synergetic effect has been detected since the combination of copper and ZrO2 significantly facilitates the methanol decomposition with the facile evolution of H2 and CO species at much lower desorption temperature. In conjunction with DRIFTS and H2-TPD measurements of the Cu/ZrO2 sample reduced at elevated temperatures, methanol decomposition over Cu/ZrO2 is suggested to occur primarily on ZrO2 with the aid of the presence of oxygen anions and oxygen vacancies generated by species-spillover between copper and zirconia. The interface between copper and zirconia is also evidenced to be crucial to the decomposition of methanol, with the main role of metallic Cu being to provide sites for H2 removal by efficiently recombining the hydrogen atoms formed during the dehydrogenation of species located on zirconia.  相似文献   

17.
A series of Si-Al based DME synthesis catalysts were prepared by complete liquid-phase method and characterized by in situ XPS, XRD, N2 adsorption and NH3-TPD analyses. Based on the results, the addition of Si could adjust the pore structure and surface acidity of catalyst, exhibiting a strong promoting effect on the CO conversion and DME selectivity. However, when Si/Al ratio is higher, Si would cover active sites and increase the amount of strong acidity sites, causing the reduction in catalytic activity. It was found from in situ XPS characterization that Cu0 is the active center of methanol synthesis in DME production, and the addition of Si changes the chemical surroundings of active components and weaken the interaction between Cu, Zn and Al, which maybe give rise to the decrease in catalyst stability.  相似文献   

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