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1.
本文使用循环伏安法和电势阶跃法分别研究了添加和不添加Na_2SO_4的0.1 mol/LH_2SO_4+0.1 mol/LHCOOH溶液中Pd(111)电极上甲酸氧化反应(FAO)的动力学行为,并与同样条件下0.1 mol/LHClO_4中的动力学行为进行比较.加入0.05 mol/L或者0.1 mol/LNa_2SO_4后,在相同的电位下负向扫描的FAO电流比正向扫描的显著减小.本文推测在(SO_4~*_(ad))m+[(H_2O)_n-H_3O~+]或(SO_4~*_(ad))_m+[Na~+(H_2O)_n-H_3O~+]吸附层相转变电势以正的电位,这个吸附层的结构可能随着电位的增加或Na_2SO_4的加入变得更加致密和稳定.因此,破坏或者脱附致密的硫酸(氢)根吸附层变得更加困难,使得FAO动力学在较高电位和随后的负扫电位受到明显的抑制.  相似文献   

2.
研究了Pt(111)电极在0.1 mol/L HClO4溶液中O2吸附与OHad脱附及氧还原反应的动力学.研究发现OHad的可逆吸脱附速率很快;在氧还原的动力学或动力学与传质混合控制区,恒电位下氧还原的电流随反应时间缓慢衰减,在转速较大,扫速较慢的情形下正向扫描过程中氧还原的电流总是明显低于逆向扫描的电流;Pt/0.1 mol/L HClO4从无O2切换到O2相似文献   

3.
利用程序升温脱附谱研究了用266 nm激光在表面制备不同氧空位浓度的方法.实验表明利用266 nm激光能够很容易产生表面氧空位.同样90 s光照,在光子数密度大于6.7×1016 photons/cm2s的时候,表面氧空位浓度和和光子数密度成线性关系.在光照过程中,没有观测到氧气和钛原子的脱附,表明利用266 nm激光在TiO2(110)-(1×1)制备氧空位是一种有效而且温和的方式.而在表面提前吸附水利用激光产生氧空位的速率比干净的表面慢了两个数量级.进一步研究表面,预先吸附了水后,在光照过程中水更容易脱附,导致桥氧原子的脱附被抑制,降低了氧空位产生的速率  相似文献   

4.
C2H4在清洁和有Cs覆盖的Ru(0001)表面吸附的TDS研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
用热脱附谱(TDS)方法研究了乙烯(C2H4)在Ru(0001)表面上的吸附.在低温下(200K以下)乙烯可以在清洁及有Cs的Ru(0001)表面上以分子状态稳定吸附,在衬底温度升高至200K以上时,乙烯发生了脱氢分解反应,乙烯分解后的主要产物为乙炔(C2H2).在清洁的Ru(0001)表面,乙烯有两种吸附状态,脱附温度分别为275K和360K.而乙炔的脱附温度为350K.在Ru(0001)表面有Cs的存在时,乙烯分解 关键词: 乙烯 钌(0001)表面 铯钌(0001)表面乙烯 钌(0001)表面 铯钌(0001)表面  相似文献   

5.
本文采用第一性原理密度泛函理论计算研究了MgH_2(110)表面吸附单原子Pd后的氢脱附反应.计算发现,在吸附一个Pd单原子后,MgH_2(110)表面氢脱附反应的能垒可以从1.802 eV显著地降低到1.154 eV,表明Pd单原子对于氢脱附具有很强的催化效应.并且,Pd单原子催化还可以将氢脱附的温度从573 K显著地降低到了367 K,从而使MgH_2(110)表面的氢脱附反应更加容易和快速地发生.此外,通过MgH_2(110)表面氢溢出机制的反向过程来讨论了氢脱附反应的微观过程.该研究表明Pd/MgH_2薄膜在未来的实验中可作为良好的储氢材料.  相似文献   

6.
本文采用第一性原理密度泛函理论计算研究了MgH2(110)表面吸附单原子Pd后的氢脱附反应. 计算发现,在吸附一个Pd单原子后,MgH2(110)表面氢脱附反应的能垒可以从1.802 eV显著地降低到1.154 eV,表明Pd单原子对于氢脱附具有很强的催化效应. 并且,Pd单原子催化还可以将氢脱附的温度从573 K显著地降低到了367 K,从而使MgH2(110)表面的氢脱附反应更加容易和快速地发生. 此外,通过MgH2(110)表面氢溢出机制的反向过程来讨论了氢脱附反应的微观过程. 该研究表明Pd/MgH2薄膜在未来的实验中可作为良好的储氢材料.  相似文献   

7.
钙钛矿型金属氧化物是优良的制备供富氧燃烧所需的O_2/CO_2的氧载体,本文采用柠檬酸法制备系列SrCo_(1-x)Fe_xO_(3-δ)(x=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)钙钛矿型氧化物,并采用X射线衍射分析来表征SrCo_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(SCF182)反应前后的物相变化和晶体结构.同时在固定床上选择不同的运行条件对SCF182的释氧性能进行研究,包括吸附温度、吸附时间、脱附温度和循环特性.结果表明,SCF182的最佳吸附温度和脱附温度均为850℃,最佳吸附时间为1 h,循环性能良好,是可以为富氧燃烧提供稳定的O_2/CO_2循环气体的良好材料。  相似文献   

8.
用热脱附谱等方法研究了NO分别在清洁和Cs覆盖的Ru(1010)表面上的吸附.结果表明:存在两种NO分子吸附态(a1,a2),脱附温度分别处于325℃和550℃附近.Cs的存在增加了Ru(1010)表面上a2态的吸附位置,提高了该态的脱附温度.Cs在Ru(1010)表面上的存在同时促进了吸附NO分子的分解.NO在Ru(1010)表面上分解后形成吸附O原子和N原子.N原子复合以N2在约500℃附近脱附,同时Cs的存在也促进了N2O的形成.在Cs覆盖的Ru(1010)表面上,N2O的脱附温度约在425℃.  相似文献   

9.
本文使用循环伏安法和电势阶跃法分别研究了添加和不添加Na2SO4的0.1 mol/LH2SO4+0.1 mol/LHCOOH溶液中Pd(111)电极上甲酸氧化反应(FAO)的动力学行为,并与同样条件下0.1 mol/LHClO4中的动力学行为进行比较. 加入0.05 mol/L或者0.1 mol/LNa2O4后,在相同的电位下负向扫描的FAO电流比正向扫描的显著减小. 本文推测在(SO4*ad)m+[(H2O)n-H3O+]或(SO4*ad)m+[Na+(H2O)n-H3O+]吸附层相转变电势以正的电位, 这个吸附层的结构可能随着电位的增加或Na2SO4的加入变得更加致密和稳定. 因此,破坏或者脱附致密的硫酸(氢)根吸附层变得更加困难,使得FAO 动力学在较高电位和随后的负扫电位受到明显的抑制.  相似文献   

10.
胡际璜  刘国辉  王迅 《物理学报》1986,35(9):1192-1198
用热脱附谱研究了原子氢在Si(111)表面的吸附,得到了两个吸附状态。从脱附谱特性同Si(100)/H系统的相似性,可以推测氢在Si(111)表面也存在单氢化相和双氢化相两种状态。单氢化相主要是顶位吸附所形成的,而双氢化相的形成则可以用McRae所提出的Si(111)(7×7)表面原子结构的三角形二聚物层错模型来解释。 关键词:  相似文献   

11.
The translational energies of D(2) molecules thermally desorbed from the Si(100) and Ge(100) surfaces under a heating rate of 6 K/s have been measured. In contrast to the previous laser desorption study, results show a considerable translational heating; the observed translational temperature is about 3 times higher than the desorption temperature for both surfaces. This fact indicates that energy barriers for adsorption are present even in the desorption pathway. Detailed balance is applicable to the adsorption and desorption dynamics of hydrogen on the Si(100) surface.  相似文献   

12.
L. Surnev 《Surface science》1981,110(2):458-470
Oxygen adsorption on an alkali metal (a.m.)-covered Ge(111) surface has been studied by means of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), electron energy loss spectroscopy (ELS), thermal desorption (TD), and work function measurements (WF). It was found that the presence of a.m. results in enhancement of the oxygen adsorption rate. The initial values of the sticking coefficient, S0, are exponential functions of the work function changes caused by the a.m. adsorption. It was shown that no germanium oxide phases are formed on an alkali-covered Ge surface at 300 K. The oxidation rate at high temperatures is limited by the rearrangement processes taking place in the surface GeO layer. The results obtained show that the alkali metal perturbs the GeO bond to a certain extent but no alkali oxide formation was observed at a.m. covertages under investigation.  相似文献   

13.
Protein separation relates closely to the interactions between proteins and various kinds of adsorbents. To obtain a direct and comprehensive understanding of the protein interaction at the solid/solution interface, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique was employed to in situ investigate the adsorption process of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on nanosized hydroxyapatite coatings, and factors affecting its adsorption such as pH, solution ionic strength and temperature were discussed in detail. The adsorption kinetic parameter and the desorption of adsorbed BSA caused by phosphate buffer solution (PBS) introduction were investigated and discussed as well, and an adsorption/desorption mechanism has been proposed. The obtained information suggests that QCM is a useful method for monitoring the adsorption/desorption behavior of BSA on nanosized hydroxyapatite coating.  相似文献   

14.
The interaction of Au and Cu atoms with the (0001) plane of graphite was studied by mass spectrometric measurements of desorption flux both in the presence and absence of an incident atomic beam. For these systems the condensation coefficient increases from ~0.05 at θ = 0 to unity at θ = 1; furthermore the rate of thermal desorption has a kinetic order of one-half for both systems at low coverage. These observations are consistent with a kinetic model in which two-dimensional nucleation of mobile adsorbed atoms occurs upon adsorption, while the reverse process, loss of atoms from the edges of disc nuclei, is the rate controlling step for desorption. This model implies that bonding of metal atoms to the basal plane of graphite is weak and nonlocalized, with adsorption occurring only when two-dimensional nucleation permits metal-metal bonding.  相似文献   

15.
We study the thermal desorption of atoms located in subsurface interstitial sites at the (111) surface of crystals with a diamond-type structure. From these sites they may either desorb or diffuse deeper into the crystal. A set of master equations is set up to describe the resulting random walk problem, and its solution yields both the desorption rate and total desorbed amount, as a function of time for constant temperature thermal desorption, or of temperature for flash desorption with a constant heating rate. Unequal values of the desorption and diffusion probabilities are allowed and the effect of initial occupation of deeper interstitial sites as well, is considered. In the latter case the desorption rate curve shows a double peak when the probabilities favour desorption, and in all cases a distinct long time or high temperature tail of the peak is found to result from diffusion. Based on this study, a model of H adsorption on Si(111) is presented and shown to explain several features of the experimental results of Schulze and Henzler.  相似文献   

16.
Oxygen adsorption and desorption were characterized on the kinked Pt(321) surface using high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy. Molecular oxygen adsorbs mainly as a peroxo-like species at 100K with a heat of desorption of about 22 kJ/mol. Some of the molecular oxygen also adsorbs dissociatively at 100K. Atomic oxygen is adsorbed in three states. One state is due to adsorption on the terraces and another state is due to adsorption along the rough step sites. The heat of desorption of both of these states approximately equal and decreases from 290 kJ/mol to 195kJ/mol with increasing coverage. Atomic oxygen is also observed to adsorb in another state which is interpreted as adsorption at an on-top site.  相似文献   

17.
CO adsorption/desorption on clean and sulfur covered Pt(S)-[9(111) × (100)] surfaces was studied using AES, TPD, and modulated beam experiments. CO desorption occurred from two states on the clean surface — a low temperature state associated with the (111) terraces and a high temperature state associated with the steps/defects. Thermal desorption results indicated that above small CO coverages conversion from the low temperature state into the high temperature state was activated and that back conversion was slow. Sulfur preferentially adsorbed at step/defect sites and decreased the population of the high temperature desorption state. Modulated beam experiments were performed in order to determine CO adsorption/desorption parameters as a function of sulfur coverage on the Pt crystal. The sticking coefficient and binding energy of CO decreased as the sulfur concentration increased. Sulfur adsorption at step/defect sites decreased the CO sticking coefficient only slightly but increased the effective rate constant for CO desorption significantly. Sulfur adsorption on the terraces affected CO adosrption more than sulfur at step sites. On the clean surface the effective rate constant for CO desorption was
1 × 1015 s?1 exp (?36.2 kcal/moleRT)
Desorption occurred from both terrace and step/defect sites, but the kinetics were characteristic of the step/defect sites. For the surface on which step/defect sites were blocked by sulfur the effective desorption rate constant was
keff = 1 × 1013 s?1 exp (?27.5 kcal/moleRT)
indicating an appreciable decrease in CO binding on the terraces, though sulfur-CO repulsive interactions had probably made keff larger than the true rate constant for desorption from clean (111) planes. The results showed clearly a compensation effect in activation energy and preexponential factor.  相似文献   

18.
The adsorption of hydrogen on the (100) plane of nickel at room temperature has been investigated using the technique of flash desorption spectroscopy. It is shown that no variation in the adsorption enthalpy of 23.1 kcal/mole occurs during the chemical cleaning of the surface by repeated oxidation and reduction. The number of adsorption sites does however increase to 3.3×1014/cm2 during this process. Determination of the partition functions of the adsorbed species and of the activated complex indicates that the hydrogen atoms are localised on specific adsorption sites but that greater liberty exists in the activated complex. Finally the experimental desorption spectra may be described using a model with a repulsive interaction of 400 cal/mole between nearest neighbours.  相似文献   

19.
采用无皂乳液聚合法以顺丁烯二酸和苯乙烯交联合成顺丁烯二酸-co-苯乙烯微球并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和电子扫描电镜对微球的结构和表面形貌进行表征。以火焰原子吸收光谱(FAAS)法研究了它对铅的动态吸附性能,考察了影响吸附率和解吸率的相关因素,结果表明:溶液pH为5、上样流速为1.0mL.min-1时,吸附率可达到95%以上。以1mol.L-1 HNO3为解吸剂,洗脱液流速为0.5mL.min-1时,Pb(Ⅱ)的解吸率可达到99%以上。在优化的试验条件下,微球对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附量可达到26.5mg.g-1,检出限为(3σ11)2.1μg.L-1,相对标准偏差为2.5%;将预富集与火焰原子吸收法联用,用于痕量铅的测定得到令人满意的结果。  相似文献   

20.
The adsorption and desorption of O2 on a Pt(111) surface have been studied using molecular beam/surface scattering techniques, in combination with AES and LEED for surface characterization. Dissociative adsorption occurs with an initial sticking probability which decreases from 0.06 at 300 K to 0.025 at 600 K. These results indicate that adsorption occurs through a weakly-held state, which is also supported by a diffuse fraction seen in the angular distribution of scattered O2 flux. Predominately specular scattering, however, indicates that failure to stick is largely related to failure to accommodate in the molecular adsorption state. Thermal desorption results can be fit by a desorption rate constant with pre-exponential νd = 2.4 × 10?2 cm2 s?1 and activation energy ED which decreases from 51 to 42 kcal/mole?1 with increasing coverage. A forward peaking of the angular distribution of desorbing O2 flux suggests that part of the adsorbed oxygen atoms combine and are ejected from the surface without fully accomodating in the molecular adsorption state. A slight dependance of the dissociative sticking probability upon the angle of beam incidence further supports this contention.  相似文献   

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