对称法求积分

积分计算是高等数学的基本运算 ,巧妙地利用对称性解积分题 ,常能化难为易 ,简化计算 ,收到事半功倍的效果 ,本文拟就此方法作一探讨。　　一　利用函数奇偶性利用被积函数的奇偶性和积分区间关于原点的对称性简化计算 ,是积分运算中经常使用的方法。例 1　求积分 I =∫1- 12 x2 +xcosx1 +1 -x2 dx解　本题中虽然积分区间关于原点对称 ,但被积函数不具奇偶性 ,但通过拆项 ,可利用奇偶性来简化积分运算。原积分 I =∫1- 12 x21 +1 -x2 dx +∫1- 1xcosx1 +1 -x2 dx △ I1+I2 .因为 xcosx1 +1 -x2 是奇函数 ,而 2 x21 +1 -x2 是偶函数 ,所以 …     

模余代数和Morita-Takeuchi关系

H是Hopf代数,C是H-模余代数.首先利用余积分的概念,诱导C的右H-余模结构,并构造了smash余积余代数C×H,使C×H作为余代数同构于C H.然后,由C的右H-余模结构诱导C的左H0-模结构,令C=C/KerεH0C,则C×H与C有Morita-Takeuchi关系.     

Euler级数与Euler积分

在文 [1 ]中 ,我们推广了文 [2 ]、[3]中的Ｅｕｌｅｒ积分 ,并利用相当简捷的方法进行了证明 .在微积分中 ,我们还会遇到各种各样的级数求和的问题 ,如形如下面形式的级数∑∞ｎ=11ｎ2 ,∑∞ｎ=1(- 1 ) ｎ 1ｎ2 ,∑∞ｎ=11(2ｎ- 1 ) 2 .为研究问题方便起见 ,本文将上述级数统统称之为Ｅｕｌｅｒ级数 .关于Ｅｕｌｅｒ级数 ,已有多种方法进行计算 .本文首先将Ｅｕｌｅｒ级数进行推广 ,然后根据级数中逐项微分与逐项积分的定理证明之 .最后 ,利用文 [1 ]中的结论 ,得到了Ｅｕｌｅｒ积分与Ｅｕｌｅｒ级数之间相互表示的一个重要关系式 .定理 1　…     

积分半群的表示及其在抽象积微分方程中的应用

讨论了积分半群与C0半群的关系,给出了用一组C0半群的积分序列的极限表示积分半群的表示公式.利用该公式证明了积分半群的其它表示式.最后用该公式给出了求解一类抽象积微分方程的新方法.     

多元函数积分的一种特殊算法

当积分区域具有某种对称性时,利用函数投诉分解式,可以化简并计算有关多元函数的各种积分.     

曲线曲面积分中利用对称性及曲线曲面方程化简

证明了曲线曲面积分中有关对称性的两个命题,并举例说明了命题结论在一些特殊类型曲线曲面积分计算中的应用.还探讨了在对坐标的曲线积分及曲面积分中利用曲线方程或曲面方程化简的问题.     

对一类定积分问题的再研究

文献[1-3]中对一类积分进行了讨论。本文给出一种递推方法并推广到二次幂(Fejer积分)至五次幂的情况,最后给出了六次幂猜想的结果.     

一类二变量积分不等式及其在积分-微分方程中的应用

建立了一类二变量的积分不等式,该不等式包含了一个一重积分和两个二重积分.利用分析技巧,给出了积分不等式中未知函数的估计.这一结果可以作为研究积分-微分方程解的定性性质的工具.     

对称性在积分计算中的应用

一、引言 在积分的计算中充分利用积分区域的对称性及被积函数的奇、偶性,往往可以简化计算,达到事半功倍的效果.近年来,在全国研究生入学考试数学试题中不乏涉及对称性的积分试题.本文拟系统地介绍有关内容并举出相关例子.为简化叙述,我们假定以下涉及到的积分都是存在的,有关函数均满足通常的条件.     

般伪黎曼流形中的2-调和类空子流形

本文研究了一般伪黎曼流形中的2-调和类空子流形的有关性质.利用活动标架法和Hopf原理,给出了2-调和子流形是极大的几个充分条件,得到一个Simons型积分不等式并推广了相关结果.     

广义模糊数值Choquet积分的自连续性与其结构特征的保持

在一般模糊测度空间的任一子集上，针对给定的μ-可积数模糊数值函数，定义所谓广义的模糊数值Choquet积分，并将这种积分整体看成可测空间上的模糊数值集函数．进而讨论并研究它的上(下)自连续性，逆上(下)自连续性，一致自连续性和一致逆自连续性等结构特征．     

OSCILLATION CONVERGENT THEOREMS FOR THE V^2-INTEGRAL

The V^t-integral as defined in[2], which is eqnivalent to M^2-integrsl as defined in Trigonometre series by Zygmund is used to sum trigonometric seies in[1]. In this paper, some convergent theorems of V^2-integral are established.     

Connected Q-integral graphs with maximum edge-degree less than or equal to 8

Graphs with integral signless Laplacian spectrum are called Q-integral graphs. The number of adjacent edges to an edge is defined as the edge-degree of that edge. The Q-spectral radius of a graph is the largest eigenvalue of its signless Laplacian. In 2019, Park and Sano [16] studied connected Q-integral graphs with the maximum edge-degree at most six. In this article, we extend their result and study the connected Q-integral graphs with maximum edge-degree less than or equal to eight. Further, we give an upper bound and a lower bound for the maximum edge-degree of a connected Q-integral graph with respect to its Q-spectral radius. As a corollary, we show that the Q-spectral radius of the connected edge-non-regular Q-integral graph with maximum edge-degree five is six, which we anticipate to be a key for solving the unsolved problem of characterizing such graphs.     

Higher integrality conditions, volumes and Ehrhart polynomials

A polytope is integral if all of its vertices are lattice points. The constant term of the Ehrhart polynomial of an integral polytope is known to be 1. In previous work, we showed that the coefficients of the Ehrhart polynomial of a lattice-face polytope are volumes of projections of the polytope. We generalize both results by introducing a notion of k-integral polytopes, where 0-integral is equivalent to integral. We show that the Ehrhart polynomial of a k-integral polytope P has the properties that the coefficients in degrees less than or equal to k are determined by a projection of P, and the coefficients in higher degrees are determined by slices of P. A key step of the proof is that under certain generality conditions, the volume of a polytope is equal to the sum of volumes of slices of the polytope.     

Hilbert subsets ands-integral points

A classical tool for studying Hilbert's irreducibility theorem is Siegel's finiteness theorem forS-integral points on algebraic curves. We present a different approach based ons-integral points rather thanS-integral points. Given an integers>0, an elementt of a fieldK is said to bes-integral if the set of placesv ∈M _K for which |t|_v > l is of cardinality ≤s (instead of contained inS for “S-integral”). We prove a general diophantine result fors-integral points (Th.1.4). This result, unlike Siegel's theorem, is effective and is valid more generally for fields with the product formula. The main application to Hilbert's irreducibility theorem is a general criterion for a given Hilbert subset to contain values of given rational functions (Th.2.1). This criterion gives rise to very concrete applications: several examples are given (§2.5). Taking advantage of the effectiveness of our method, we can also produce elements of a given Hilbert subset of a number field with explicitely bounded height (Cor.3.7). Other applications, including the case thatK is of characteristicp>0, will be given in forthcoming papers ([8], [9]).     

A denjoy-type integral for Banach-valued functions

In this paper, we shall show that theHL ϕ-integral and the Denjoy ϕ-integral, defined in [2] are equivalent.     

Asplund Operators and p-Integral Polynomials

We introduce the Banach ideals of p-integral and of p-nuclear polynomials for 1 ≤ p ≤ + ∞, extending to the polynomial setting the well known notions of p-integral and p-nuclear operators. For p = 1, we recover the Pietsch integral and nuclear polynomials, respectively. Given a Banach space E, let K be a compact Hausdorff space such that there is an embedding h : E → C(K). Let R _h be the polynomial from E into C(K) given by R _h (x) : = h(x) ^m for all ${x \epsilon E}$ . We prove that a polynomial is p-integral (1 ≤ p ≤ + ∞) if and only if it factors through a polynomial of the form R _h followed by the canonical inclusion of C(K) into L _p (K, μ) for some finite measure μ. We also prove that a polynomial P is p-integral if and only if we may write ${P = T \circ R_{h}}$ where T is a p-integral operator on a C(K) space. We show that P is ∞-integral if and only if it factors in the form ${P = T \circ R_{h}}$ where T is a weakly compact operator on a C(K) space. Analogous results are true if we replace C(K) by L _∞ (Ω, μ) for some finite measure space (Ω, Σ, μ). It is proved that a polynomial ${P \epsilon \mathcal{P}(^{m}E, F)}$ is p-integral if and only if its linearization is well defined and p-integral on ${\bigotimes ^{m}_{{\epsilon}_{s}}, s^{E}}$ . It is also shown that a p-integral polynomial may be extended to a p-integral polynomial on every larger space, and the extension has the same p-integral norm. We give a factorization theorem for p-nuclear polynomials. Finally, we prove that a polynomial P is p-nuclear if and only if it may be written in the form ${P = Q \circ A}$ where A is a compact operator and Q is a p-integral polynomial, if and only ${P = Q^{\prime} \circ H}$ with H an Asplund operator and Q′ a p-integral polynomial. This extends a result obtained by C. Cardassi in the linear case.     

Adjoint classes of functions in the H<Subscript>1</Subscript> sense

Using the concept of the H₁-integral, we consider a similarly defined Stieltjes integral. We prove a Riemann-Lebesgue type theorem for this integral and give examples of adjoint classes of functions.     

Holomorphic curves and integral points off divisors

We deal with the distributions of holomorphic curves and integral points off divisors. We will simultaneously prove an optimal dimension estimate from above of a subvariety W off a divisor D which contains a Zariski dense entire holomorphic curve, or a Zariski dense D-integral point set, provided that in the latter case everything is defined over a number field. Then, if the number of components of D is large, the estimate leads to the constancy of such a holomorphic curve or the finiteness of such an integral point set. At the beginning, we extend logarithmic Bloch-Ochiai's Theorem to the K?hler case. Received: 10 January 2000 / Published online: 18 January 2002     

关于复合材料单层板裂纹尖端的J积分

该文采用复变函数方法,通过将裂纹尖端的应力和位移代入J积分的一般公式,推出了线弹性正交异性复合材料单层板受对称载荷作用的非弹性主方向的裂纹尖端犑积分的复形式－ 复变函数积分的实部,证明了该J积分的路径无关性,得到了它的具体计算公式