关于超空间上Whitney映射的一个问题

本文研究了超空间上的Ｗｎｉｔｎｅｙ映射,给出了它的一些性质和一个反例,从而解决了文献［１］中的一个问题．     

An elementary proof of the Loomis–Whitney theorem

Loomis and Whitney proved an inequality between volume and areas of projections of an open set in n-dimensional space related to the isoperimetric inequality. They reduced the problem to a combinatorial theorem proved by a repeated use of Hölder inequality. In this paper we prove a general inequality between real numbers which easily implies the combinatorial theorem of Loomis and Whitney.

     

Relations among whitney sets,self-similar arcs and quasi-arcs

We study in this paper some relations among self-similar arcs, Whitney sets and quasi-arcs: we prove that any self-similar arc of dimension greater than 1 is a Whitney set; give a geometric sufficient condition for a self-similar arc to be a quasi-arc, and provide an example of a self-similar arc such that any subarc of it fails to be at-quasi-arc for anyt ≥ 1, which answers an open question on Whitney sets. We also show that self-similar arcs with the same Hausdorff dimension need not be Lipschitz equivalent. Supported by Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects of China, Morningside Center of Mathematics, NSFC (No. 10241003) and ZJNFS (No. 101026).     

Totally nonnegative and oscillatory elements in semisimple groups

We generalize the well known characterizations of totally nonnegative and oscillatory matrices, due to F. R. Gantmacher, M. G. Krein, A. Whitney, C. Loewner, M. Gasca, and J. M. Peña to the case of an arbitrary complex semisimple Lie group.     

Whitney towers and gropes in 4-manifolds

Many open problems and important theorems in low-dimensional topology have been formulated as statements about certain 2-complexes called gropes. This paper describes a precise correspondence between embedded gropes in 4-manifolds and the failure of the Whitney move in terms of iterated `towers' of Whitney disks. The `flexibility' of these Whitney towers is used to demonstrate some geometric consequences for knot and link concordance connected to -solvability, -cobordism and grope concordance. The key observation is that the essential structure of gropes and Whitney towers can be described by embedded unitrivalent trees which can be controlled during surgeries and Whitney moves. It is shown that a Whitney move in a Whitney tower induces an IHX (Jacobi) relation on the embedded trees.

     

Whitney maps for spaces of embedding hypersurfaces

The existence of Whitney maps is proved, and it is also shown that if X is a metrizable continuum, the Whitney map will be a trivial fibering with its own Hilbert cube.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 117–122, September, 1992.The author wishes to express his gratitude to V. V. Fedorchuk and M. M. Zarichnii for their interest in the present research and for their valuable comments.     

The geometry of Whitney’s critical sets

In this paper, the complete geometric characterizations, including decomposition and compression theorems, are obtained for a connected and compact set to be a critical set in Whitney’s sense, i.e., a set such that there exists a differentiable function critical but not constant on it. The problem to characterize these sets geometrically was posed by H. Whitney [21] in 1935. We also provide a complete geometrical characterization for monotone Whitney arc, i.e., there exists a differentiable function critical but also increasing along the arc. All examples appearing in the literature are monotone Whitney arcs, for example, the examples by Whitney [21] and Besicovitch [2], Norton’s t-quasi-arcs with Hausdorff dimension > t [14], and self-similar arcs [19]. Furthermore, after introducing the notion of homogeneous Moran arc, we can completely characterize all the monotone Whitney arcs of criticality > 1, which include t-quasi arcs and self-conformal arcs. Some applications to arcs which are attractors of Iterated Function Systems are discussed, including self-conformal arcs, self-similar arcs and self-affine arcs. Finally, we give an example of critical arc such that any of its subarcs fails to be a t-quasi-arc for any t, providing an affirmative answer to an open question by Norton.     

On matroids of the greatestW-connectivity

The Whitney connectivity (W-connectivity) of a matroidM is defined by T. Inukai and L. Weinberg as the least integerk for which there exists a subsetS of the ground setE ofM such that ?(S) ≥ k, ?(E ? S) ≥ k, andp(S)+p(E-S)-pM+1=k where ? is the rank function ofM.Mis called a Whitney matroid if there exists no such integer. In this case, theW-connectivity ofM to be the rank ofM is defined. In this paper, several properties of Whitney matroids are demonstrated. In addition, the Whitney matroids whose duals are also Whitney matroids are characterized, and an interpretation of binaryW-matroids is given.     

Smooth approximation of definable continuous functions

Let be an -minimal expansion of the real exponential field which possesses smooth cell decomposition. We prove that for every definable open set, the definable indefinitely continuously differentiable functions are a dense subset of the definable continuous function with respect to the -minimal Whitney topology.

     

On the lattice of order ideals of an up-down poset

The combinatorial structure of the distributive lattice of order ideals of an up-down poset is studied. Two recursions are given for the Whitney numbers, and generating functions for the Whitney numbers are derived. In addition, an explicit nested chain decomposition is given for the lattice, the existence of which implies that the lattice satisfies the Sperner property and its generalizations, and has unimodal Whitney numbers.     

Ahlfors 正则空间上的开集分解与加倍测度

对于一致完全的加倍度量空间建立了 Whitney 分解定理. 作为应用, 借助于 Ahlfors 正则空间上的加倍测度描述了它的任意非空闭集的 Whitney 修正集上的加倍测度.     

A counterexample concerning Whitney reversible properties

Two properties of continua are shown which are strong Whitney reversible while not sequential strong Whitney reversible. This answers an old question of S. B. Nadler, Jr.

     

不动点集为（■P（2r_i＋1））■（■S~nj）的对合的流形

本文讨论了不动点集Ｆ为任意多个奇维实数（复数、或者四元数）射影空间与球面不交并的闭流形Ｍ上对合Ｔ的流形（Ｍ，Ｔ），给出了这样的流形不协边的充要条件．     

Holomorphic Extensions of Whitney Jets

Let φ be a Whitney jet on a closed set F ? ?. By Whitney’s extension theorem φ can be extended to an infinitely differentiable function f on ? which is real analytic on ? F. The main purpose of this article is to show that f can be chosen in such a way that f¦_?F has a holomorphic continuation to the open set (? F) × i? ? ?. In the special case that F is a compact interval or a single point we can even achieve that f¦_?F has a holomorphic continuation to all of $\hat {\rm C}\setminus F$ . In particular, this implies an improvement of the well-known theorem of E. Borel. We also investigate the question when such extensions are given by a so-called extension operator.     

Linear Inequalities for Rank 3 Geometric Lattices

The flag Whitney numbers (also referred to as the flag f-numbers) of a geometric lattice count the number of chains of the lattice with elements having specified ranks. We give a collection of inequalities which imply all the linear inequalities satisfied by the flag Whitney numbers of rank 3 geometric lattices. We further describe the smallest closed convex set containing the flag Whitney numbers of rank 3 geometric lattices as well as the smallest closed convex set containing the flag Whitney numbers of those lattices corresponding to oriented matroids.     

Representation theorem for locally defined operators in the space of Whitney differentiable functions

Under the assumption that is perfect, a representation theorem for locally defined operators mapping the space C ^m (A) of Whitney differentiable functions into C ¹(A) is given and an open problem is presented.     

Successional stability of vector fields in dimension three

A topological invariant, the community transition graph, is introduced for dissipative vector fields that preserve the skeleton of the positive orthant. A vector field is defined to be successionally stable if it lies in an open set of vector fields with the same community transition graph. In dimension three, it is shown that vector fields for which the origin is a connected component of the chain recurrent set can be approximated in the Whitney topology by a successionally stable vector field.

     

Quasitoric Totally Normally Split Manifolds

A smooth stably complex manifold is called a totally tangentially/normally split manifold (TTS/TNS manifold for short) if the respective complex tangential/normal vector bundle is stably isomorphic to a Whitney sum of complex line bundles, respectively. In this paper we construct manifolds M such that any complex vector bundle over M is stably equivalent to a Whitney sum of complex line bundles. A quasitoric manifold shares this property if and only if it is a TNS manifold. We establish a new criterion for a quasitoric manifold M to be TNS via non-semidefiniteness of certain higher degree forms in the respective cohomology ring of M. In the family of quasitoric manifolds, this generalizes the theorem of J. Lannes about the signature of a simply connected stably complex TNS 4-manifold. We apply our criterion to show the flag property of the moment polytope for a nonsingular toric projective TNS manifold of complex dimension 3.     

Opérateurs d'extension linéaires explicites dans des intersections de classes ultradifférentiables

B. S. Mityagin proved that the Chebyshev polynomials form a Schauder basis of the space of C ^∞ functions on the interval [–1,1]. Whereof he deduced an explicit continuous linear extension operator. These results were extended, by A. Goncharov, to compact sets without Markov's property. On the reverse, M. Tidten gave examples of compact sets for which there is no continuous linear extension operator. In this paper, we generalize these works to the intersections of ultradifferentiable classes of functions built on the model of the non quasianalytic intersection of Gevrey classes. We get, among other things, a Whitney linear extension theorem for ultradifferentiable jets of Beurling type.     

Whitney differentiability of optimal-value functions for bound-constrained convex programming problems

ABSTRACT

In the spirit of the Whitney Extension Theorem, consider a function on a compact subset of Euclidean space to be ‘Whitney-differentiable’ if it is a restriction of a continuously Fréchet-differentiable function with an open domain. Whitney-differentiable functions have been shown to have useful (yet possibly nonunique) derivatives and calculus properties even on the boundaries of their domains. This article shows that optimal-value functions for bound-constrained convex programmes with Whitney-differentiable objective functions are themselves Whitney-differentiable, even when the linear-independence constraint qualification is not satisfied. This result extends classic sensitivity results for convex programmes, and generalizes recent work. As an application, sufficient conditions are presented for generating continuously differentiable convex underestimators of nonconvex functions for use in methods for deterministic global optimization in the multivariate McCormick framework. In particular, the main result is applied to generate Whitney-differentiable convex underestimators for quotients of functions with known Whitney-differentiable relaxations.