基于灰色关联聚类的组织力量配置模型研究

为解决组织力量的全局优化配置问题,建立基于灰色关联聚类的宏观人力资源优化模型.首先,根据组织的目标建立人力资源测评体系,引入灰色关联聚类方法,将组织成员按照组织目标聚类形成为不同的力量类型,从宏观角度分析企业人力资源的结构特征;然后,根据组织成本目标、产出目标、社会影响等目标建立组织力量配置的多目标优化模型,引入多目标粒子群优化算法探讨模型求解方法和人力资源配置步骤;最后通过案例验证方法的有效性,从而为组织组织力量的宏观配置和结构优化提供了一种新的研究思路.     

基于水量水质耦合多目标模型的辽源地区水资源优化配置

对水资源进行优化配置是解决社会经济发展与水资源可用量紧张的有效手段.采用区域水质—水量耦合水资源优化配置模型,以吉林省辽源市2010年数据为基准,对2020年水资源配置进行优化预测.研究结果表明,辽源市在规划期内"三生"用水结构由89:10:1调整到81:18:1.其中生产用水中第一产业用水量下降2.17%,第二产业用水总量下降2.78%.第三产业用水量提升4.29%,同时降低了水污染的排放.优化方案可有效降低辽源市水资源消耗与水环境污染,为水资源的可持续利用提供了有效的技术支持.     

基于FOR-GRNN的寒地水稻产量预测

针对东北寒地作物水肥资源利用低下问题,以水稻为研究对象,采用氮肥、磷肥、钾肥、水作为模型输入,产量作为模型输出,运用果蝇优化算法对广义神经网络中的平滑因子进行寻优,利用MATLAB2014a神经网络工具箱对水稻不同水肥条件下产量数据进行分析和训练.结果表明,果蝇算法优化回归神经网络模型经过多次迭代寻优比较准确地确定了最佳的平滑因子,在非线性多因素系统建模方面有着很强的优势,其对产量的预测精度达86.5%,高于广义回归神经网络、BP神经网络及灰色神经网络.因此运用果蝇算法优化后的广义神经网络模型可以对水稻产量进行有效预测,为优化水稻水肥配施方案及灌溉制度的制定提供理论依据.     

基于计算机试验设计的遗传算法参数配置

遗传算法作为一种随机化优化搜索方法,已经在很多领域得到了成功应用,但其存在控制参数多且配置困难的问题.本文采用一类最新试验设计方法-计算机试验设计,对遗传算法的参数配置进行优化.结果表明,基于正交拉丁超立方设计的参数配置,其算法的计算精度和速度表现最佳.模拟结果进一步讨论了不同试验设计方案在遗传算法中的差别.     

基于蚁群优化的企业技术创新资源配置问题研究

为探索更高效的企业技术创新资源优化配置算法,提出了基于蚁群优化算法的求解方法.针对企业技术创新的流程,构建了以时间、成本和应用性为目标的企业技术创新资源优化配置模型,设计了模型求解的蚁群算法,并通过具体算例验证了算法的可行性和有效性.     

NSGA-II算法在农业水保措施配置优化中的应用

农业水保措施的配置要考虑其生态效益和经济效益.不同水保措施组合方案有其相应的生态和经济效益,如何配置使综合效益最佳是一个最优化问题.分析了农业水保措施配置最优化需要考虑的两个目标,并将其公式化,建立了水保措施配置优化模型,并应用NSGA-II多目标遗传算法求解该模型.最后,以甘肃天水市罗玉沟流域的水保措施配置为例,进行了初步应用.结果表明,采用NSGA-II算法在水保措施配置优化模型求解时,计算效率较高,优化结果稳定,具有一定的应用价值.     

免疫粒子群优化算法在农业水资源优化配置中的应用

求解农业水资源优化配置模型(高维非线性优化模型),较常采用大系统分解协调原理和动态规划相结合的方法,这样减少了变量个数,便于优化求解,但协调的过程需要多次从低阶模型中返回信息,而且对于每层的寻优求解过程存在难以克服的矛盾.采用标准的粒子群优化算法则优化程度不易保证并容易陷入局部最优,优化结果对初始种群依赖性较强.因此应用免疫进化算法对标准粒子群优化算法进行改进并应用于灌区农业水资源优化配置模型的求解.算例分析表明,免疫粒子群算法为求解高维复杂的优化配置问题提供了新思路.     

采用复合规则约束的多种群自适应进化算法

针对种群固定的进化算法容易使个体集中分布在局部区域,不利于处理大尺度空间和多峰类型的优化问题,提出了一种多种群分布并且动态变化的种群自适应进化算法.采用Logistic模型模拟多个种群在有限资源下的竞争关系,设计了稳定性规则、熵规则和精英规则以确定不同种群的Logistic模型参数,从而控制种群数量的变化.同时,算法引入了算术内插和外插两种交叉算子,使得各个种群依据自身类型来缩小或扩展搜索空间.此外,算法还通过周期性的调整规则重新构建种群和分配资源.通过5组大尺度和多峰优化问题的测试结果表明,所提的种群自适应方法能够有效改善算法的寻优性能,在达到同等优化水平时所提算法消耗的函数调用次数为对比算法的61.08%～91.55%.     

基于工时优化的柔性生产人员配置模型及算法

为满足企业工时优化和提高运营效益的内在需求,针对柔性生产,以合理人工配置和最佳作业排序为目标建立了数学模型,并设计了递阶启发式搜索算法.根据组合并联作业结构特性,采用遗传算法优化子层作业的人工配置和作业工时,并将子层作业视为父层作业的相似阶段采用动态规划法决策父层的最优工时.在上述优化工作的基础上再利用改进蚁群算法,将其等效为具有m台处理机、目标函数为最优工时的流水车间作业排序问题,利用优先调度算法确定能见度因子并通过仿真和灵敏度分析优化了算法参数,最终生成最优作业排序计划.对实例问题的求解证明了研究模型和算法的有效性和鲁棒性.     

乘用车物流运输计划问题的建模研究

首先针对不同类型、数量乘用车的物流运输问题,构建整数线性规划模型,并对模型进行逐层优化求解,通过MATLAB编写通用程序实现计算;在此基础之上,为解决不同目的地的运输要求,采用启发式逐层优化算法进行求解;最后考虑多因素的实际问题,建立分层划分模型,提出构造型分层划分启发式算法求解.计算表明,所建模型计算结果良好,实现了对乘用车物流运输计划问题的优化.     

A multi-objective optimal allocation model for irrigation water resources under multiple uncertainties

This paper proposed a multi-objective optimal water resources allocation model under multiple uncertainties. The proposed model integrated the chance-constrained programming, semi-infinite programming and integer programming into an interval linear programming. Then, the developed model is applied to irrigation water resources optimal allocation system in Minqin’s irrigation areas, Gansu Province, China. In this study, the irrigation areas’ economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits are regarded as the optimal objective functions. As a result, the optimal irrigation water resources allocation plans of different water types (surface water and groundwater) under different hydrological years (wet year, normal year and dry year) and probabilities are obtained. The proposed multi-objective model is unique by considering water-saving measures, irrigation water quality impact factors and the dynamic changes of groundwater exploitable quantity in the irrigation water resources optimal allocation system under uncertain environment. The obtained results are valuable for supporting the adjustment of the existing irrigation patterns and identify a desired water-allocation plan for irrigation under multiple uncertainties.     

SCALE AND EQUITY IN WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT: A NASH BARGAINING MODEL

ABSTRACT. This paper presents an application of the Nash model to a combined problem of optimal development of a joint facility and related cost-benefit allocation considerations. Two alternative modifications and a diagrammatic procedure are developed. The conditions for an optimal Nash solution are derived. The procedure is illustrated using an example from a regional water development project that includes determination of the optimal capacity and allocation of costs and water among participants.     

An Analysis of a Dynamic Project Cost Problem

This paper presents a stochastic allocation model for a sequential financial problem involving the allocation of funds to uncertain future payments. It is shown that under certain conditions the optimal allocation policies are piece-wise linear with the budget available, and that there exists an intimate relationship between these policies and the myopic policies obtained from the solution of a sequence of single-payment problems. A numerical example is provided and, finally, certain technical and methodological issues associated with a chance constraint version of the problem are discussed.     

Simulation and optimization for crop water allocation based on crop water production functions and climate factor under uncertainty

In this paper, the uncertainty methods of interval and functional interval are introduced in the research of the uncertainty of crop water production function itself and optimal allocation of water resources in the irrigation area. The crop water production functions in the whole growth period under uncertainty and the optimal allocation of water resources model in the irrigation area under uncertainty are established, and the meteorological factor is considered in the model. It can promote the practical application of the uncertain methods, reflect the complexity and uncertainty of the actual situation, and provide more reliable scientific basis for using water resources economically, fully improving irrigation efficiency, and keeping the sustainable development of the irrigated area. This approach has important value on theoretical and practical for the optimal irrigation schedule, and has very broad prospects for research and development to other related agriculture water management.     

Basin-wide cooperative water resources allocation

The Cooperative Water Allocation Model (CWAM) is designed within a general mathematical programming framework for modeling equitable and efficient water allocation among competing users at the basin level and applied to a large-scale water allocation problem in the South Saskatchewan River Basin located in southern Alberta, Canada. This comprehensive model consists of two main steps: initial water rights allocation and subsequent water and net benefits reallocation. Two mathematical programming approaches, called the priority-based maximal multiperiod network flow (PMMNF) method and the lexicographic minimax water shortage ratios (LMWSR) technique, are developed for use in the first step. Cooperative game theoretic approaches are utilized to investigate how the net benefits can be fairly reallocated to achieve optimal economic reallocation of water resources in the second step. The application of this methodology to the South Saskatchewan River Basin shows that CWAM can be utilized as a tool for promoting the understanding and cooperation of water users to achieve maximum welfare in a river basin and minimize the potential damage caused by water shortages, through water rights allocation, and water and net benefit transfers among water users under a regulated water market or administrative allocation mechanism.     

Relaxation techniques applied to some loading problems

In this paper a two-stage loading problem, dealing with allocation of jobs to machines, is studied. The outer problem is to choose a subset among a number of available machines such that a feasible assigment exists and the total cost price is minimized. The inner problem, is then to find the optimal allocation, given the subset of machines and some assigment criterion at this lower level. It is shown that the choice of problem formulation can be crucial for the strength of the continuous relaxation. Computational results are also presented     

Social responsibility allocation in two-echelon supply chains: Insights from wholesale price contracts

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is considered in a two-echelon supply chain consisting of an upstream supplier and a downstream firm that are bound by a wholesale price contract. CSR performance (the outcome of CSR conduct) of the whole supply chain is gauged by a global variable and the associated cost of achieving this CSR performance is only incurred by the supplier with an expectation of being shared with the downstream firm via the wholesale price contract. As such, the key issue is to determine who should be allocated as the responsibility holder with the right of offering the contract and how this right should be appropriately restricted. Game-theoretical analyses are carried out on six games, resulting from different interaction schemes between the supplier and the firm, to derive their corresponding equilibriums. Comparative institutional analyses are then conducted to determine the optimal social responsibility allocation based on both economic and CSR performance criteria. Main results are furnished in a series of propositions and their implications to the real-world business practice are discussed. The key findings are threefold: under the current model settings: (1) the optimal allocation scheme is to assign the supplier as the responsibility holder with appropriate restrictions on the corresponding rights to determine the wholesale price; (2) inherent conflict exists between the economic and CSR performance criteria and, hence, the two maxima cannot be achieved simultaneously; and (3) although integrative channel profit is not attainable, the system-wide profit will be improved by implementing optimal social responsibility allocation schemes.     

System dynamics simulation model for assessing socio-economic impacts of different levels of environmental flow allocation in the Weihe River Basin,China

This study develops a complex system dynamics model (SD) reflecting interactions between water resources, Environmental Flow (EF) and socio-economy using SD software package “Vensim PLE”. The proposed model is employed to assess socio-economic impacts of different levels of EF allocation in the Weihe River Basin of China. Four alternative socio-economic growth patterns and four EF allocation schemes are designed to simulate those impacts. The results reveal that developed SD model performance well in reflecting the dynamic behavior of the system in the current study area. In the meanwhile, an optimal growth pattern considering both socio-economic growth and EF requirements are also found by comparing the different scenario simulation results.     

应用灰色关联分析方法确定分层注水量公式

油田注水开发过程中,如何确定注水井分层注水量是油藏工程师们关心的问题.通过对注水井分层注水量劈分的影响因素进行分析,采用灰色关联分析方法确定出影响劈分系数的主要因素及其在劈分系数中所占的权重,实现了劈分系数中各影响因素之间的定量化对比,确定了注水井分层注水量公式.方法考虑了措施改造系数、射开砂岩厚度、注采井距、位置系数和注采井数等因素对劈分系数的影响,确定了注水井分层注水量公式,符合实际的开发特征,能够实现注水井科学、合理的配注.结合S区块目前注水开发过程中存在的层内矛盾及层间矛盾突出等问题,提出了分层注水的必要性,通过灰色关联分析方法确定了S区块的分层注水量公式,实现了区块的合理配注,对其它油田或区块注水开发具有一定的指导和借鉴作用.     

Optimal asset allocation for a general portfolio of life insurance policies

Asset liability matching remains an important topic in life insurance research. The objective of this paper is to find an optimal asset allocation for a general portfolio of life insurance policies. Using a multi-asset model to investigate the optimal asset allocation of life insurance reserves, this study obtains formulae for the first two moments of the accumulated asset value. These formulae enable the analysis of portfolio problems and a first approximation of optimal investment strategies. This research provides a new perspective for solving both single-period and multiperiod asset allocation problems in application to life insurance policies. The authors obtain an efficient frontier in the case of single-period method; for the multiperiod method, the optimal asset allocation strategies can differ considerably for different portfolio structures.