基于自由度缩聚的最小秩修正损伤诊断

为了解决实测模态参数与有限元分析模态参数不匹配对损伤诊断精度影响的问题,推导了基于自由度缩聚法的残余力向量公式及最小秩修正公式.通过对结构自由度缩聚后的损伤前、后残余力向量的运算,可以得出相较于损伤前的残余力变化率向量,将残余力变化率向量元素的绝对值作为改进的残余力向量,通过运用推导出的改进残余力向量,能够较好地解决采用最小秩修正法时所选取模态个数必须等于待修正刚度矩阵秩这一矛盾,并由缩聚后最小秩修正公式计算出损伤程度.研究表明:在考虑噪音干扰下,改进的残余力向量法对自由度缩聚后的受损结构依然具有较高地识别精度.利用推导的最小秩修正公式进行损伤程度识别其结果是可靠的.本文所提方法既可以实现对实测自由度不完备结构的损伤定位,又可进行损伤程度的识别,具有较高的鲁棒性和损伤诊断性能.     

基于LS-SVM的管道腐蚀速率灰色组合预测模型

为提高管道腐蚀速率预测精度,建立了一种基于最小二乘支持向量机的灰色组合预测模型.以各种灰色模型对管道腐蚀速率的预测结果作为支持向量机的输入,以管道腐蚀速率的实测值作为支持向量机的输出,采用最小二乘支持向量机回归算法和高斯核函数对支持向量机进行训练,利用训练好的支持向量机进行组合预测.预测模型兼具灰色模型所需原始数据少、建模简单、运算方便的优势和最小二乘支持向量机具有泛化能力强、非线性拟合性好、小样本等特性,弥补了单一预测模型的不足,避免了神经网络组合预测易于陷入局部最优的弱点.模型结构简单、实用,仿真结果验证了其有效性.     

基于GAAA-RBF神经网络的工程估价方法

利用遗传-蚁群混合算法(GAAA),对RBF神经网络的主要结构参数中心矢量、基宽向量和网络权重进行组合优化,建立了GAAA-RBF神经网络组合算法的工程估价模型.将55个工程造价案例,随机抽取10个作为预测样本,剩下的45个作为训练样本.通过与相同结构的RBF神经网络相比较,结果表明算法克服了RBF神经网络易陷于局部极值、搜索质量差和精度不高的缺点,改善了RBF神经网络的泛化能力,收敛速度快,输出稳定性好,提高了工程造价的预测精度.     

灰色理论和BP神经网络在大学生就业信心指数预测中的应用

采用大学生就业信心指数来分析预测其就业信心是值得研究的问题.提出一种灰色理论和BP神经网络相结合的方法对大学生就业信心指数进行预测.首先对影响就业信心的主要因素建立不同的灰色模型,然后将每个灰色模型的预测值作为神经网络的输入,利用神经网络进行组合预测以作为其最终的预测值.结果表明组合模型的预测值相对误差更小,精度更高.     

基于邻域粗糙集的网络入侵分类诊断组合模型研究

网络入侵诊断直接影响网络正常运行和安全.针对入侵类型复杂,现有分类诊断模型精度有限的问题,提出一种基于邻域粗糙集的网络入侵分类诊断优化模型.首先,运用邻域粗糙集对网络入侵数据进行条件属性的约简,确定关键属性,然后将其作为训练输入构建相关向量机分类诊断模型,并同时运用遗传算法进行超参数优化,提高模型诊断精度和速度.通过KDDCup99数据集对优化模型性能进行检验,结果表明,组合预测方法精确度高于支持向量机、相关向量机和BP神经网络.组合模型诊断精度高、速度快,具有优异的综合性能.     

基于BP神经网络的企业内部控制体系评价研究

对内部控制体系评价可以采用定性和定量两种评价标准。定性评价受评价人员的主观判断的影响，往往缺乏客观性，而定量评价则以其科学、精确、可比的特征受到审计机构的欢迎。本文构建了内部控制评价指标，把描述企业内部控制状况的特征信息作为神经网络的输入向量，而把代表相应综合评价结果的值作为神经网络的输出，并用足够的样本训练这个网络，使不同的输入向量得到不同的输出量值，从而对企业的内部控制状况进行了量化的评价。     

Taylor方法在CSTR河流水质模型结构可识别性分析中的应用

参数识别是水质模型应用的重要环节,结构可识别性是水质模型参数可识别性的基础.采用Taylor方法,对单河段CSTR模型的结构可识别性进行了研究.结果表明,以单河段首端水质作为输入,以末端水质作为输出,考虑COD_(Mn)、NH_3-N、NO_3-N和DO四个水质变量,CSTR模型在结构上是可以识别的.     

基于EMD-GA-BP与EMD-PSO-LSSVM的中国碳市场价格预测

由于碳交易市场价格的波动性大及相互影响关系的复杂性,本文试图构建碳价格长期和短期的最优预测模型。考虑到碳交易价格波动的趋势性和周期性特点,基于经验模态分解算法(EMD)、遗传算法(GA)—神经网络(BP)模型、粒子群算法(PSO)—最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)模型及由它们构建的组合预测模型,对中国碳市场交易价格进行短期预测和长期预测。实证分析中将影响碳交易价格的不同宏观经济因素和碳价格时间序列因素做为输入变量,分别代入组合模型进行预测。研究结果表明,在短期预测中,EMD-GA-BP模型预测效果优于GA-BP模型和PSO-LSSVM模型;而在长期预测中,组合模型EMD-PSO-LSSVM模型预测效果优于只考虑碳价格波动趋势性或周期性预测效果。     

基于深度学习的验证码识别技术研究

针对基于机器学习的传统验证码识别受字符分割限制与人工操作过多等问题,基于深度学习Tensorflow学习框架将卷积神经网络应用到验证码的特性提取、分析、归类和识别中.将图片验证码作为整体输入,改进传统的LeNet-5网络结构,构建一种端到端的9层卷积神经网络,对验证码图像由低级到高级逐层提取图像特征,实现对图片验证码的识别.模型确定后采用控制变量法,针对每一迭代次数所处理的图片数量进行分析,对其准确率、损失值、训练时间进行综合测评,最终选取最优参数.实验结果显示,每批次处理128张图片,每迭代次数用时6秒,准确率的上限最高达到92%,损失值的下限最低达到0.0184.     

基于关联分析广义回归神经网络模型在艺术陶瓷定价中的应用

通过提取对陶瓷企业定价的影响因素,采用了灰色关联度分析法,构造了陶瓷企业定价的评价模型,得到了各个因素之间的灰色关联度,从而确定各因素对陶瓷企业定价影响的关键因素,结合广义回归神经网络模型,采用组合输入向量建立陶瓷定价的组合广义回归神经网络预测模型.实例表明:模型比其它模型的预测值更加精确,并且算法能应用到其它数据处理中,具有较广泛的适应性.     

Neural network approach to forecasting of quasiperiodic financial time series

A novel neural network approach to forecasting of financial time series based on the presentation of the series as a combination of quasiperiodic components is presented. Separate components may have aliquant, and possibly non-stationary frequencies. All their parameters are estimated in real time in an ensemble of predictors, whose outputs are then optimally combined to obtain the final forecast. Special architecture of artificial neural network and learning algorithms implementing this approach are developed.     

Structural evaluation of materials by artificial neural networks

It is shown that due to the complexity of interaction of the excitation field with a material in determining its physical characteristics, as well as sophisticated correlation relationships between the physical characteristics and structure of a real material, in many cases, relization of the structural evaluation of materials on the basis of idealized mathematical models of the underlying physical processes is of limited use. As an alternative, it is proposed to use an artificial neural network for the extraction of quantitative information of interest from measurements of the physical characteristics. A general overview of artificial neural networks is given. A methodology of the use of a multilayer perceptron for determining various structural parameters from the dielectric spectra is described. As an example, determination of the moisture content and density of sawdust from the dielectric modulusis considered by the neural-network technique. The noise performance of the neural network is analyzed by applying an additive and multiplicative noise to the input data.Institute of Polymer Mechanics, University of Latvia, Riga, LV-1006 Latvia. Published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 109–124, January–February, 1999.     

Application of artificial neural networks for the prediction of roll force and roll torque in hot strip rolling process

This paper introduces an artificial neural network (ANN) application to a hot strip mill to improve the model’s prediction ability for rolling force and rolling torque, as a function of various process parameters. To obtain a data basis for training and validation of the neural network, numerous three dimensional finite element simulations were carried out for different sets of process variables. Experimental data were compared with the finite element predictions to verify the model accuracy. The input variables are selected to be rolling speed, percentage of thickness reduction, initial temperature of the strip and friction coefficient in the contact area. A comprehensive analysis of the prediction errors of roll force and roll torque made by the ANN is presented. Model responses analysis is also conducted to enhance the understanding of the behavior of the NN model. The resulted ANN model is feasible for on-line control and rolling schedule optimization, and can be easily extended to cover different aluminum grades and strip sizes in a straight-forward way by generating the corresponding training data from a FE model.     

Neural network as a simulation metamodel in economic analysis of risky projects

An artificial neural network (ANN) model for economic analysis of risky projects is presented in this paper. Outputs of conventional simulation models are used as neural network training inputs. The neural network model is then used to predict the potential returns from an investment project having stochastic parameters. The nondeterministic aspects of the project include the initial investment, the magnitude of the rate of return, and the investment period. Backpropagation method is used in the neural network modeling. Sigmoid and hyperbolic tangent functions are used in the learning aspect of the system. Analysis of the outputs of the neural network model indicates that more predictive capability can be achieved by coupling conventional simulation with neural network approaches. The trained network was able to predict simulation output based on the input values with very good accuracy for conditions not in its training set. This allowed an analysis of the future performance of the investment project without having to run additional expensive and time-consuming simulation experiments.     

On the combination of kernel principal component analysis and neural networks for process indirect control

ABSTRACT

A new adaptive kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) for non-linear discrete system control is proposed. The proposed approach can be treated as a new proposition for data pre-processing techniques. Indeed, the input vector of neural network controller is pre-processed by the KPCA method. Then, the obtained reduced neural network controller is applied in the indirect adaptive control. The influence of the input data pre-processing on the accuracy of neural network controller results is discussed by using numerical examples of the cases of time-varying parameters of single-input single-output non-linear discrete system and multi-input multi-output system. It is concluded that, using the KPCA method, a significant reduction in the control error and the identification error is obtained. The lowest mean squared error and mean absolute error are shown that the KPCA neural network with the sigmoid kernel function is the best.     

Optimizing fracture design based on a novel RBF neural network

The factors affecting performance of fractured wells are analyzed in this work. The static and dynamic geologic data of fractured well and fracturing treatment parameters obtained from 51 fractured wells in sand reservoirs of Zhongyuan oilfield are analyzed by applying the grey correlation method. Ten parameters are screened, including penetrability, porosity, net thickness, oil saturation, water cut, average daily production, and injection rate, amount cementing front spacer, amount sand-carrying agent and amount sand. With the novel Radial Basis Function neural network model based on immune principles, 13 parameters of 42 wells out of 51 are used as the input samples and the stimulation ratios as the output samples. The nonlinear interrelationship between the input samples and output samples are investigated, and a productivity prediction model of optimizing fracture design is established. The data of the rest 7 wells are used to test the model. The results show that the relative errors are all less than 7%, which proves that the novel Radial Basis Function neural network model based on immune principles has less calculation, high precision and good generalization ability.     

贝叶斯网络仿真元模型及其在装备战场损伤仿真中的应用研究

结合装备战场损伤仿真系统,研究了贝叶斯网络仿真元模型的构建方法.从条件概率角度描述了仿真模型输入参数与输出参数之间的映射关系,研究了构建贝叶斯网络仿真元模型的可行性,分析了贝叶斯网络仿真元模型的优点;研究了贝叶斯网络仿真元模型构建过程中的关键问题,包括:元模型参数的确定、原始模型参数向贝叶斯网络节点的转化、联结强度的计算、衍生元模型的构建;针对不完全信息条件下装备战场损伤快速定位问题,研究了基于K2算法的贝叶斯网络仿真元模型构建方法;构建了某型高炮的战场损伤贝叶斯网络仿真元模型.     

Gaussian kernel approximation algorithm for feedforward neural network design

A Gaussian kernel approximation algorithm for a feedforward neural network is presented. The approach used by the algorithm, which is based on a constructive learning algorithm, is to create the hidden units directly so that automatic design of the architecture of neural networks can be carried out. The algorithm is defined using the linear summation of input patterns and their randomized input weights. Hidden-layer nodes are defined so as to partition the input space into homogeneous regions, where each region contains patterns belonging to the same class. The largest region is used to define the center of the corresponding Gaussian hidden nodes. The algorithm is tested on three benchmark data sets of different dimensionality and sample sizes to compare the approach presented here with other algorithms. Real medical diagnoses and a biological classification of mushrooms are used to illustrate the performance of the algorithm. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

An improvement of chaos-based hash function in cryptanalysis approach: An experience with chaotic neural networks and semi-collision attack

In this paper, the chaos-based hash function is analyzed, then an improved version of chaos-based hash function is presented and discussed using chaotic neural networks. It is based on the piecewise linear chaotic map that is used as a transfer function in the input and output of the neural network layer. The security of the improved hash function is also discussed and a novel type of collision resistant hash function called semi-collision attack is proposed, which is based on the collision percentage between the two hash values. In the proposed attack particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to define the fitness function parameters. Finally, numerical and simulation results provides strong collision resistance and high performance efficiency.     

Numerical control of kohonen neural network for scattered data approximation

Surface reconstruction from scattered data using Kohonen neural network is presented in this paper. The network produces a topologically predefined grid from the unordered data which can be applied as a rough approximation of the input set or as a base surface for further process. The quality and computing time of the approximation can be controlled by numerical parameters. As a further application, ruled surface is produced from a set of unordered lines by the network. AMS subject classification 68U07, 65D17, 68T20