构造函数利用单调性解题

由函数单调性的定义容易知道 :(1 )若函数 f (x)在区间 I上单调增 ,且x1、x2 ∈ I,则 f(x1) x2 ;(3 )若函数 f(x)在区间 I上单调 ,且 x1、x2 ∈ I,则 f (x1) =f (x2 )　 　 x1=x2 .根据题目的特点 ,构造恰当的函数 ,利用函数单调性来解题是一种常用技巧 ,本文在此作点归纳和介绍 .1　巧用单调性解方程 (不等式 )例 1　解方程　 3 x 4x =5x.解　易知原方程同解于方程 (35) x (45) x=1 ,观察知 x =2是此方程的解 .易知 ,函数 f (x) =(…     

如何用导数判断函数单调性

函数的单调性是函数的重要性质,也是高考的热点问题,若利用函数定义求解,一般较为复杂.但是利用导数求函数的单调就有效地解决了这一难题.一般地,设函数y=f(x)在某个区间内可导,如果f′(x)>0,则f(x)为增函数;如果f′(x)<0,则f(x)为减函数.下面对利用导数判断函数的单调性的几个注意点加以说明.一、f′(x)>0(<0)是f(x)为增(减)函数的充分不必要条件例1用导数来判断函数f(x)=x3(x∈     

数形结合在函数与方程应用中的原则

<正>方程f(x)=0的根也称为函数f(x)的零点,研究方程f(x)=0的根就是研究函数y=f(x)的图像与x轴交点的横坐标.对零点问题的研究集中体现了数形结合的思想方法.本文举例谈谈数形结合在函数与方程中的应用中,需要把握主要的两个原则:简单性原则和等价性原则.方程f(x)-g(x)=0的解,可化为方程f(x)=g(x)的解,也可看作函     

单调函数及其应用

设 f为定义在D上的函数 ,若对于D中任意两个数x1,x2 ,当x1f(x2 )时 ,称 f为D上严格递减函数 .递增函数和递减函数统称为单调函数 ,函数的单调性是函数的重要性质之一 ,利用函数的单调性 ,可以比较函数值的大小 ,证明一些不等式以及解决某些方程问题和函数极值问题 .例 1　证明 |x1+x2 +… +xn|1+|x1+x2 +… +xn|≤ |x1|1+|x1|+|x2 …     

函数单调性与最值问题的探究

<正>1引言函数的单调性和奇偶性是函数的基本性质.常见的函数单调性的求法有:(1)定义法;(2)图象法;(3)导数法.还有一些与函数单调性有关的结论:若函数f(x),g(x)均为增(减)函数,则f(x)+g(x)为增(减)函数;若f(x)为增(减)函数,则-f(x)为增(减)函数;若函数f(x)为增(减)函数且f(x)>0,     

含绝对值函数的可导性讨论

讨论了形如|f(x)|或f(x)|g(x)|的函数在x=x0点的可导性判定。     

高阶可微函数的共单调逼近

1 引言设f(x)∈C[-1,1]是分段单调函数,若要求逼近f(x)的多项式pn(x)也是分段单调的,且在每一分段上,f(x)与pn(x)具有相同的单调性,则称这种形式的逼近为共单调逼近,记En(f)=inf{‖f(x)-pn(x)‖|pn(x)∈πn,pn(x)在[-1,1]上与f(x)共单调},其     

利用导数法解决单调性问题应注意孤立点

在全日制普通高级中学教科书数学第三册(选修Ⅱ)中,利用导数判断函数的单调性的方法是:"一般地,设函数y=f(x)在某个区间内可导,如果f′(x)>0,则f(x)为增函数;如果f′(x)<0,则f(x)为减函数.如果在某个区间内恒有f′(x)=0,则f(x)为常数."在这里,判断函数y=f(x)的单调区间,并没有使用     

利用函数的单调性解竞赛题

函数的单调性在竞赛中应用十分广泛 ,它对于研究图像的特征、确定函数的值域 ,有着重要作用 .同时 ,因为单调函数y =f(x)中x与y是一一对应的 ,所以就可把复杂的高次方程 f(x) =f(a)化为简单的方程x =a ,高次不等式 f(x)≥f(a)化为简单的不等式x≥a或x≤a ,从而使问题驭繁为简 .本文就此特性 ,举例加以说明 .例 1　求不等式 12 x+5 x≤ 13 x 的解集 .(第 13届“希望杯”竞赛试题 )分析　若将不等式 12 x+5 x≤ 13 x 变形为( 1213 ) x+( 513 ) x≤ 1,则可引进函数f(x) =( 1213 ) x+( 513 ) x,利用函数 y =f(x)的单调性帮助解决问题 .解　原不…     

谈谈函数取点的那些事儿

<正>问题背景在讨论函数零点个数时,一般采用研究函数的单调性,结合零点存在性定理进行严密地论证．例如,当我们论证出f(x)在区间(a,x0)上单调递减,在(x0,b)上单调递增,且f(x0)<0时,为了严密论证f(x)在(a,b)上有两个零点,需在x0左侧取出f(x1)>0,右侧取出f(x2)>0,才能得出f(x)共有两个零点的结论,这类问题一般称之为取点问题,在高考真题中十分常见．     

RECENT PROGRESS ON SPHERICAL HARMONIC APPROXIMATION MADE BY BNU RESEARCH GROUP ——In memory of Professor Sun Yongsheng

As early as in 1990, Professor Sun Yongsheng, suggested his students at Beijing Normal University to consider research problems on the unit sphere. Under his guidance and encouragement his students started the research on spherical harmonic analysis and approximation. In this paper, we incompletely introduce the main achievements in this area obtained by our group and relative researchers during recent 5 years （2001-2005）. The main topics are： convergence of Cesaro summability, a.e. and strong summability of Fourier-Laplace series; smoothness and K-functionals; Kolmogorov and linear widths.     

A unified approach to certain problems of best local approximation

In this paper we study best local quasi-rational approximation and best local approximation from finite dimensional subspaces of vectorial functions of several variables. Our approach extends and unifies several problems concerning best local multi-point approximation in different norms.     

Boundedness for commutators of multipliers on Hardy type spaces

In this paper, we study the commutators generalized by multipliers and a BMO function. Under some assumptions, we establish its boundedness properties from certain atomic Hardy space Hb^p（R^n） into the Lebesgue space L^p with p 〈 1.     

THE 8~(th) INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS

<正>August 10-14,2015Beijing,ChinaThe International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics(ICIAM)is the premier international congress in the field of applied mathematics held every four years under the auspices of the International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.From August 10 to 14,2015,mathematicians,scientists     

Towards Excellence in Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

<正>May 26,2014,Beijing Science is a human enterprise in the pursuit of knowledge.The scientific revolution that occurred in the 17th Century initiated the advances of modern science.The scientific knowledge system created by     

Bounds for the zeros of polynomials

Let P(z)=∑↓j=0↑n ajx^j be a polynomial of degree n. In this paper we prove a more general result which interalia improves upon the bounds of a class of polynomials. We also prove a result which includes some extensions and generalizations of Enestrǒm-Kakeya theorem.     

Boundedness of commutators related to Marcinkiewicz integrals on hardy type spaces

In this paper, the authors study the boundedness of the operator [μΩ, b], the commutator generated by a function b ∈ Lipβ(Rn)(0 ＜β≤ 1) and the Marcinkiewicz integrals μΩ, on the classical Hardy spaces and the Herz-type Hardy spaces in the case Ω∈ Lipα(Sn-1)(0 ＜α≤ 1).     

Jacobi polynomials used to invert the laplace transform

Given the Laplace transform F(s) of a function f(t), we develop a new algorithm to find an approximation to f(t) by the use of the classical Jacobi polynomials. The main contribution of our work is the development of a new and very effective method to determine the coefficients in the finite series expansion that approximation f(t) in terms of Jacobi polynomials. Some numerical examples are illustrated.     

Generalization of the interaction between Haar approximation and polynomial operators to higher order methods

In applications it is useful to compute the local average empirical statistics on u. A very simple relation exists when of a function f（u） of an input u from the local averages are given by a Haar approximation. The question is to know if it holds for higher order approximation methods. To do so, it is necessary to use approximate product operators defined over linear approximation spaces. These products are characterized by a Strang and Fix like condition. An explicit construction of these product operators is exhibited for piecewise polynomial functions, using Hermite interpolation. The averaging relation which holds for the Haar approximation is then recovered when the product is defined by a two point Hermite interpolation.