运用方程思想解三角中的一类求取值范围问题

本文旨在运用方程思想解决三角中的一类求取值范围的问题，从中可见数学思想在解题中的运用．1构造方程组，利用函数的有界性解题要点：通过构造关于shu、c。s。，等的方程组，并根据卜un4＜l，DcosyS＜1，使问题获解．例1已知sin。＋Zcosy—2，求ZSlll十COSy的取值范围．解设Zslnx上cosy—a，与sin：r＋Zcosy—2联立解得故Zsi。＋cosy的取值范围是［，：］．N2已知sl。cosy—a（一1＜a＜1），求COSSSiny的取值范围．解设cosxslny＝b，即由①，②解得于是，当a＞0时，a—l＜b车一a＋l；当a＜0时，一a—l＜b＜a＋l．综上，可知cosxsin…     

不等式a/b

金明烈 《中学数学》1999,(8)

关于条件最值问题的几个结论

关于条件最值问题的几个结论简超武汉铁路成人中专４３００１２给定及有定理１设，且，且，则函数当ｒ＞１或ｒ＜０时具有最小值Ｆｍｉｎ（当０＜ｒ＜１时具有最大值Ｆｍａｘ．且证由加权益平均不等式［１］可知：当ｒ＞１或ｒ＜０时，对任意有等号仅当．；一．。—…一．...     

奇摄动非线性系统Robin边值问题

本文研究了非线性系统奇摄动问题：ε2y"－（x，y，y）＝0，0＜x＜1，0＜ε≤1，y（0）－py'（0）＝A，p＞0，y（1）＝B，其中y，f，A，B为n维向量．在相应的假设下，利用代数型边界层函数，证明了该问题存在一个解y（x，ε），并利用微分不等式方法得到了其解的渐近估计．     

一个抛物型方程不适定问题的小波正则化方法

一维抛物型方程如下定解问题狌狋＋狌狓＝狌狓狓， ０≤狓＜ ∞，０≤狋＜ ∞，狌（１，狋）＝犵（狋）， ０≤狋＜ ∞，狌（狓，０）＝０， 狓≥０烅烄烆．是一个不适定问题．数据犵的微小变化可以引起解的巨大误差．该文通过构造一个在频域具紧支集的小波并在尺度空间上展开数据和解，滤除了高频分量，并结和Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法，建立了一种逼近准确解的正则化方法，恢复了解对数据的连续依赖性，并建立了误差估计．     

指数和的不等式

指数和的不等式是指形如∑ｎｉ＝１ａｉｂｒｉ≤∑ｎｉ＝１ａｉｂｉ（１）的不等式，其中０＜ａ１＜…＜ａｎ＜∞，０＜ｂ１＜…＜ｂｎ＜∞，（ｒ１，ｒ２，…，ｒｎ）是（１，２，…，ｎ）的任何置换．今年春节过后不久，陈希孺院士向他的学生们指出一个挑战性的问题：对...     

一类奇异非线性边界值问题正解的存在性和非唯一性

本文研究了一类奇异非线性边界值问题ｇ^ｐ（ｘ）ｇ″（ｘ）＋ｈ（ｘ）＝０，－ｋ＜ｘ＜１，ｇ′（－ｋ）＝Ｃ，ｇ（１）＝０，ｋ＞０正解的存在性和非唯一性．问题起源于幂律流体理论中著名的边界层方程．     

数学问题解答

１９９８年９月号问题解答（解答由问题提供人给出）１１５１设Ｓｎ＝１＋１２＋１３＋…＋１ｎ，求Ｓ１９９９的整数部分．解当ｒ为自然数时，显然有：ｒ＋１２＋ｒ－１２２＜ｒ＜ｒ＋１＋ｒ２，∴ｒ＋１－ｒ＜１２ｒ＜ｒ＋１２－ｒ－１２．在上式中令ｒ＝３，４，…，ｎ...     

数学问题解答

数学问题解答１９９７年１１月号问题解答（解答由问题提供人给出）１１０１设ａ，ｂ，ｃ，ｄ，ｅ是正整数，且ａ＜ｂ＜ｃ＜ｄ＜ｅ，［ｍ，ｎ］是ｍ与ｎ的最小公倍数．求：１［ａ，ｂ］＋１［ｂ，ｃ］＋１［ｃ，ｄ］＋１［ｄ，ｅ］的最大值．解设Ｓ＝１［ａ，ｂ］＋１［ｂ...     

一个反应扩散过程的门槛结果

本文讨论反应扩散方程Ｃａｕｃｈｙ问题（ｕｔ－△ｕ＝ｕ＾ｐ－ｕ＾ｐ－ｕ，Ｘ∈Ｒ＾ｎ，ｔ∈（０，Ｔ），ｕ（ｘ，０）＝ｕ０（ｘ）≥０，Ｘ∈Ｒ＾ｎ，解的整体存在性，渐近性质和Ｂｌｏｗ－ｕｐ问题，其中１＜ｑ＜ｐ＜ｎ＋２／ｎ－２，ｎ≥３或者１＜ｑ＜ｐ＋∞，ｎ＝２．得到门槛结果。     

时间随机环境中一维紧邻随机游动的常返性质

设环境q={q(n)}∞0是取值于[0,1]上一列独立同分布的随机变量列,且Eq(0)=p;{Sn}∞0是随机环境q中取整数值随机游动,S0=0,且满足:对任意的整数xi(i≥0),x,y,P(Sn+1=y|S1=x1,…,Sn-1=xn-1,Sn=x,q)={q(n),y=x+1,1-q(n),y=x-1,0,其他.我们证明了:p>1/2时,Sn→+∞,a.e.,n→∞;p<1/2时,Sn→-∞,a.e.,n→∞;p=1/2时,-∞=(lim infSn)/(n→+∞)<(lim supSn)/(n→+∞)=+∞,a.e.,n→∞.     

Estimates of the Kolmogorov Widths of Classes of Analytic Functions Representable by Cauchy-Type Integrals. I

In the Banach space of functions analytic in a Jordan domain , we establish order estimates for the Kolmogorov widths of certain classes of functions that can be represented in by Cauchy-type integrals along the rectifiable curve = and can be analytically continued to or to .     

具有与多项式复合齐次相容的项序

设K[x1,X2,…,xn]是域K上关于变量x1,x2,…,xn的多项式环,θ=(θ1,…,θn)是K[x1,x2,…,xn]的一组有序多项式.多项式复合θ是用θi代替xi的一种运算.我们说多项式复合θ与项序>齐次相容,是指对任意项P与q,p>q,deg p=deg q(→)polt(θ)>qolt(θ).怎样判断多项式复合与项序>是否齐次相容是困难的.将给出明确的判定方法.     

Solving Some Quadratic Diophantine Equations with Clifford Algebra

In this work, the equivalence class representatives of integer solutions of the Diophantine equation of the type ${{a_1x_1^2+ .\,.\,. + a_px_p^2 = a_{p+1}x^2_{p+1} + .\,.\,. +a_{p+q}x^2_{p+q} +a_1x^2_{n+1} (a_i > 0,i=1, .\,.\,.\,,p+q,x_{n+1}\neq0)}}${{a_1x_1^2+ .\,.\,. + a_px_p^2 = a_{p+1}x^2_{p+1} + .\,.\,. +a_{p+q}x^2_{p+q} +a_1x^2_{n+1} (a_i > 0,i=1, .\,.\,.\,,p+q,x_{n+1}\neq0)}} are found using simple reflections of orthogonal vectors, manipulated using the Clifford algebra over orthogonal spaces R ^p,q . These solutions are obtained from the application of a useful Lemma: given two different non-zero vectors of the same norm, we can map one onto the other, or its negative, by means of a simple reflection. With this Lemma, we extend and improve a previous work [1] concerning generalized Pythagorean numbers, which now can be obtained as a Corollary. We also show that our technique is promising for solving others Diophantine equations.     

Genuine Representations of the Metaplectic Group

This paper determines the –correspondence for the dual pairs (O(p, q), Sp(2n, R)) when p+q=2n+1. As a consequence, there is a natural bijection between genuine irreducible representations of the metaplectic group Mp(2n, R) and irreducible representations of SO(p, q) with p+q=2n+1.     

On the Behaviour of Solutions of a Class of Third Order Difference Equations

In this paper, the structure of the solution space of y n +3 + ry n +2 + qy n +1 + py n =0, n S 0, is studied, keeping oscillatory/nonoscillatory behaviour of solutions of the equation in view, where p , q and r are constants. Some of these results are generalized partially to hold for y n +3 + r n y n +2 + q n y n +1 + p n y n =0, n S 0, where { p n }, { q n } and { r n } are sequences of real numbers.     

The quality of the Diophantine approximations found by the Jacobi-Perron algorithm and related algorithms

Given a vector of real numbers=(₁,... _d ) ^d , the Jacobi-Perron algorithm and related algorithms, such as Brun's algorithm and Selmer's algorithm, produce a sequence of (d+1)×(d+1) convergent matrices {C⁽ⁿ⁾():n1} whose rows provide Diophantine approximations to . Such algorithms are specified by two mapsT:[0, 1] ^d [0, 1] ^d and A:[0,1] ^d GL(d+1,), which compute convergent matrices C⁽ⁿ⁾())...A(T())A(). The quality of the Diophantine approximations these algorithms find can be measured in two ways. The best approximation exponent is the upper bound of those values of for which there is some row of the convergent matrices such that for infinitely many values ofn that row of C⁽ⁿ⁾() has . The uniform approximation exponent is the upper bound of those values of such that for all sufficiently large values ofn and all rows of C⁽ⁿ⁾⁽⁾ one has . The paper applies Oseledec's multiplicative ergodic theorem to show that for a large class of such algorithms and take constant values and on a set of Lebesgue measure one. It establishes the formula where are the two largest Lyapunov exponents attached by Oseledec's multiplicative ergodic theorem to the skew-product (T, A,d), whered is aT-invariant measure, absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure. We conjecture that holds for a large class of such algorithms. These results apply to thed-dimensional Jacobi-Perron algorithm and Selmer's algorithm. We show that; experimental evidence of Baldwin (1992) indicates (nonrigorously) that. We conjecture that holds for alld2.     

Regularity for weakly (K1, K2)-quasiregular mappings

In this paper, we first give the definition of weakly (K1, K2)-quasiregular mappings, and then by using the Hodge decomposition and the weakly reverse Holder inequality, we obtain their regularity property: For any ql that satisfies 0 < K1n(n+4)/22n+1 × 100n2[23n/2(25n + 1)](n - q1) < 1, there exists p1 = p1(n, q1, K1, K2) > n, such that any (K1, K2)-quasiregular mapping f ∈W(loc)(1,q1)(Ω,Rn) is in fact in W(loc)(1,p1)(Ω,Rn). That is, f is (K1, K2)-quasiregular in the usual sense.     

Finite splitting fields of normal subgroups

Let G be a finite group, a normal subgroup, p a prime, a finite splitting field of characteristic p for G and We prove that is a splitting field for N, using the action of the Galois group of the field extension on the irreducible representations of N. As is a splitting field for the symmetric group S_n we get as a corollary that is a splitting field for the alternating group A_n. Received: 31 July 2003     

On the Measure of a Nonreciprocal Algebraic Number

Let M() be the Mahler measure of an algebraic number and let G() be the modulus of the product of logarithms of absolute values of its conjugates. We prove that if is a nonreciprocal algebraic number of degree d 2 then M()² G()^1/d 1/2d. This estimate is sharp up to a constant. As a main tool for the proof we develop an idea of Cassels on an estimate for the resultant of and 1/. We give a number of immediate corollaries, e.g., some versions of Smyth's inequality for the Mahler measure of a nonreciprocal algebraic integer from below.