增长型经济变量的趋势时间序列预测模型

针对增长型外汇储备时间序列变化复杂性的特点,可以建立确定性趋势的时间序列模型及包含单位根的随机趋势模型.实际计算显示,确定性趋势的时间序列模型具有较高的预测精度.     

基于SARIMA模型的铁路站点客流量预测研究

以我国某铁路站点作为研究对象,选取为期435天的某铁路局全部列车旅客乘车数据进行分析建模.在建立模型时首先将数据分为节假日与非节假日两种类型.对于非节假日数据选用包含周期性的SARIMA模型,对于节假日数据选用波动系数模型,通过两种模型组合对铁路站点客流量进行预测,得到了较好的预测效果.运用方法所得到的短期内铁路客流量变化的准确预测,能够为铁路部门合理安排调度、充分利用人力物力提供参考,有效避免了资源的浪费或因准备不足而造成的车站拥挤混乱.     

中国城乡居民养老制度可持续性的精算研究

围绕我国城乡居民养老保险体系可持续化问题,从中国实际出发,分层次、多角度的分析了当前我国的养老保险制度.首先,针对中国养老保险基金问题,基于当前养老保险体制,分别从三个层次入手,建立中国城乡居民养老保险基金收支模型;其次,基于养老制度的可持续性,建立了养老金缺口模型,并对养老金缺口的未来趋势进行了合理预测;最后,对所建立的模型进行了评价及推广.     

应用GM（1,1）模型预测经济发展中的创汇和利税

本试图用灰色模型ＧＭ（１,１）分析我国高我企业经济出口创汇及利税发展趋势,通过具体实例显示,应用这种模型能较有效地预测创汇和利税的趋势。     

ARIMA模型在新疆巴州梅毒疫情预测中的应用

搜集2008-2014年新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(简称巴州)梅毒月发病数据,采用时间序列分解方法(Time Series Decomposition methods)探讨该地区梅毒月发病率的季节性,建立ARIMA(0,1,1)(1,0,1)_(12)时间序列模型,模型预测值的动态趋势与实际发病率基本吻合,平均绝对百分比误差MAPE=17.36,具有较高的预测精度,可以较好的预测短期内梅毒的变化趋势,为梅毒的预防控制措施提供可靠依据.     

耐用消费品拥有量预测的研究

本文在分析耐用消费品拥有量增长特性基础上，提出三种假设模型，并给出三个例子，说明应用这些假设模型对我国主要耐用消费品的拥有量进行预测的方法。     

基于WEGN模型对我国主要城市气温的模拟和预测

本文对我国10个主要城市气温指标建立了天气发生器模型,用Fourier分析和时间序列的方法进行建模,用统计模拟的方法分别生成了一年的气温数据,来对当地的气温指标进行了预测。在此基础上,我们对模型进行了改进,通过增加模拟次数,建立了全年日均气温的点估计和区间估计.最后,以三个实例验证了改进模型。     

基于GARCH模型的短期汇率预测

研究人民币对美元的汇率预测,通过对2010年7月1日至2013年11月30的周汇率平均值进行数据分析,发现其基本符合时间序列分析中的GARCH模型,因此采用该模型进行预测,预测结果比较成功。预测表明人民币呈现升值的趋势.     

基于杠杆效应CARR模型的波动率预测

本文提出了一类新的具有杠杆效应的CARR模型,基于广义伽玛分布探讨了杠杆效应CARR模型的参数估计和波动预测。以我国上证指数的2011年6月至2014年3月的每日数据为研究对象,分别运用EARCH模型、传统CARR模型和杠杆效应CARR模型对上证指数的波动率进行拟合,并根据MAE、RMSE和MAPE三个损失函数进行了预测能力比较分析,结果表明:杠杆效应CARR模型在波动性预测方面比EARCH模型的效果更好一些。     

基于损失函数的GARCH类模型波动率预测评价

本文的目的是通过利用多种损失函数评估三种GARCH模型的预测精度，找到最优的股指期货日内波动率研究预测模型。利用之前的研究结果，三个沪深300股指期货日内一分钟日内收益率被用作研究对象，对标准GARCH,eGARCH以及RealGARCH三个模型做了实证检验，并利用多种损失函数，从不同角度衡量三个波动率模型的预测精度。研究发现：Sample1样本的RealGARCH模型有最好的预测效果，而Sample2样本与Sample6样本的eGARCH模型有最好的预测精度。因此，在对沪深300股指期货日内波动率研究时，应根据其样本特征，优先选择具有能够反映非对称特征的波动率模型来刻画波动过程，对未来波动率做预测。     

外汇储备增加对基础货币投放的影响——基于协整方法与VAR模型的实证检验

在理论上,由于外汇储备在货币当局的资产负债表中处于资产方,因而它的增加将导致负债或其他资产的波动,最终使得基础货币投放的增加。本文采用1994年1季度至2007年1季度的数据,运用协整方法、向量自回归(VAR)模型实证检验了中国外汇储备增加对货币投放的影响.实证检验结果显示了中国外汇储备增加对基础货币投放的影响程度,以及影响的滞后性、持久性与稳定性特征,从而为货币当局实行开放经济下的货币政策提供一定的实证依据。     

基于GARCH模型的人民币汇率波动规律研究

自人民币汇率体制改革以来,汇率波动日趋复杂.鉴于GARCH模型能够较好地拟合汇率时间序列的尖峰厚尾特征,本文采集了2003～2007年之间的1069个美元兑人民币汇率日值,应用GARCH模型进行分析,证实了我国外汇市场确实存在ARCH效应,且GARCH模型能够较好地拟合汇改后的人民币汇率数据.     

外汇储备规模与多元变量弹性系数的实证研究

中国外汇储备近几年的迅速增长引发了关于中国外汇储备规模是否适度的广泛讨论。本文从需求的角度,运用计量经济学的多元线性回归的方法,建立中国外汇储备与平均进口倾向、进口和国际收支三变量的双对数模型,通过计算并通过相关检验得到外汇储备与相关变量的弹性系数。为预测和制定相关政策提供依据。     

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??Traditional claims reserve approaches are all based on aggregated data and usually produce inaccurate projections of the reserve because the aggregated data make a great loss of information contained in individual claims. Thus, the researcher in actuarial science developed the so-called individual claim models that are based on marked Poisson processes. However, due to the inappropriateness of Poisson distribution in modelling the claims distributions, the present paper propose marked Cox processes as reserve models. Compared with the aggregate claims models, the models proposed in the current paper take more sufficient use of information contained in data and can be expected to produce more accurate evaluations in claim loss reserving.     

市场化改革、经济战略与中国外汇储备积累:实证研究

对中国外汇储备成因的传统研究在很大程度上忽略了市场化进程因素对中国外汇储备积累的历史性和制度化影响。而外汇储备的决定因素分为两大类:战略性因素和制度性因素。战略性因素包括预防性需求、重商主义动机和机会成本;制度性因素包括对外贸易发展和市场化程度。通过一个改进的外汇储备需求函数模型对该因素进行实证研究,发现中国的外汇储备积累主要是外向型经济发展模式和市场化改革这一历史进程的客观结果,而非货币当局基于主观动机所追求的战略目标。     

基于VaR方法的我国外汇储备币种结构风险分析

基于VaR方法,把外汇储备看做是一个由不同币种组成的资产组合,通过实证分析测算各币种比例相对变化时的VaR值.结果表明,从控制风险的角度,目前我国应减少外汇储备中欧元的比重而增加美元的比重.     

Regression based reserving models and partial information

We consider a class of distribution-free regression models only defined in terms of moments, which can be used to model separate reported but not settled reserves, and incurred but not reported reserves. These regression models can be estimated using standard least squares and method of moments techniques, similar to those used in the distribution-free chain-ladder model. Further, these regression models are closely related to double chain-ladder type models, and the suggested estimation techniques could serve as alternative estimation procedures for these models. Due to the simple structure of the models it is possible to obtain Mack-type mean squared error of prediction estimators. Moreover, the analysed regression models can be used on different levels of detailed data, and by using the least squares estimation techniques it is possible to show that the precision in the reserve predictor is improved by using more detailed data. These regression models can be seen as a sequence of linear models, and are therefore also easy to bootstrap non-parametrically.     

Robust loss reserving in a log-linear model

It is well known that the presence of outlier events can overestimate or underestimate the overall reserve when using the chain-ladder method. The lack of robustness of loss reserving estimators leads to the development of this paper. The appearance of outlier events (including large claims—catastrophic events) can offset the result of the ordinary chain ladder technique and perturb the reserving estimation. Our proposal is to apply robust statistical procedures to the loss reserving estimation, which are insensitive to the occurrence of outlier events in the data. This paper considers robust log-linear and ANOVA models to the analysis of loss reserving by using different type of robust estimators, such as LAD-estimators, M-estimators, LMS-estimators, LTS-estimators, MM-estimators (with initial S-estimate) and Adaptive-estimators. Comparisons of these estimators are also presented, with application of a well known data set.     

基于委托-代理理论的逆向物流外包模式研究

基于委托-代理模型确立了不同的委托-代理组合.实证分析表明,组合不仅可以较好的解释和说明当前国内外几种典型逆向物流外包实践的特点、实施效果及问题,还能据此确定合理的外包发展模式.     

USING RESERVES TO PROTECT FISH AND WILDLIFE SIMPLIFIED MODELING APPROACHES

ABSTRACT. This paper investigates theoretically to what extent a nature reserve may protect a uniformly distributed population of fish or wildlife against negative effects of harvesting. Two objectives of this protection are considered: avoidance of population extinction and maintenance of population, at or above a given precautionary population level. The pre‐reserve population is assumed to follow the logistic growth law and two models for post‐reserve population dynamics are formulated and discussed. For Model A by assumption the logistic growth law with a common carrying capacity is valid also for the post‐reserve population growth. In Model B, it is assumed that each sub‐population has its own carrying capacity proportionate to its distribution area. For both models, migration from the high‐density area to the low‐density area is proportional to the density difference. For both models there are two possible outcomes, either a unique globally stable equilibrium, or extinction. The latter may occur when the exploitation effort is above a threshold that is derived explicitly for both models. However, when the migration rate is less than the growth rate both models imply that the reserve can be chosen so that extinction cannot occur. For the opposite case, when migration is large compared to natural growth, a reserve as the only management tool cannot assure survival of the population, but the specific way it increases critical effort is discussed.