传统隐式Runge-Kutta方法的转换方法

多级隐式Runge-Kutta(RK)方法簇中,除Gauss类方法是s级2s阶的辛方法以外,Radau类方法和Lobatto类方法既不是s级2s阶的方法也不是辛方法.基于隐式RK方法是一类转换RK方法这一特征,利用V-变换和Pade对角逼近,提出了构造高阶RK方法的转换定理.依据转换定理,导出了s级2s阶的Radau方法和s级2s阶的Lobatto方法.利用V-变换和待定系数法,导出了辛Radau方法和辛Lobatto方法.在此基础上,发现并证明了辛Radau方法是s级2s阶的方法.     

几类改进的新的两步六阶Chebyshev-Halley方法

利用权函数法,给出非线性方程求根的Chebyshev-Halley方法的几类改进方法,证明方法六阶收敛到单根.Chebyshev-Halley方法的效率指数为1.442,改进后的两步方法的效率指数为1.565.最后给出数值试验,且与牛顿法,Chebyshev-Halley 方法及其它已知的方程求根方法做了比较.结果表明方法具有一定的优越性.     

改进的基于特征向量集的距离判别及在企业信用评价中的应用

在基于特征向量集的距离判别的基础上,提出新的判别分析方法,试图解决现有判别分析方法中计算量大及对复杂数据判别效果差的缺点.同时,将方法用于企业信用评价中,并与传统的判别方法及一些改进的判别方法作比较,实验结果表明,方法提高了企业信用评价的准确率.     

大密度比和大压力比可压缩流的数值计算

将WENO方法、RKDG方法、RKDG方法结合原来的Ghost Fluid方法以及RKDG方法结合改进的Ghost Fluid方法,应用到大密度比和大压力比的单相流以及气-气、气-液两相流的数值计算,并对计算结果进行了比较分析．结果表明,与其它的方法相比,RKDG方法结合改进的Ghost Fluid方法得到了高分辨率的计算结果,可以捕捉到正确的激波位置,随着网格的加密,计算解收敛到物理解．     

关于线性互补问题的模系矩阵分裂迭代方法

模系矩阵分裂迭代方法是求解大型稀疏线性互补问题的有效方法之一.本文的目标是归纳总结模系矩阵分裂迭代方法的最新发展和已有成果,主要内容包括相应的多分裂迭代方法, 二级多分裂迭代方法和两步多分裂迭代方法, 以及这些方法的收敛理论.     

两种时变参数方法估算全要素生产率研究

本文详细介绍了两种时变参数方法估算全要素生产率,相对于传统方法而言,时变参数方法可能更符合实际情况.两种方法中,卡尔曼滤波方法由于对参数初值的依赖性较小,相对较为方便,尤其对于存在不可观测的参数时,具有较大的优越性。多层递阶方法较多的依赖于初值的选择,但是对于某些问题,其残差较卡尔曼滤波小,因此两种方法结合运用,效果较好.     

数据包络分析中规模效率指数方法的一点注记

原有的规模效率指数方法是基于投入导向的模型进行分析的,有悖于规模收益的定义,应该基于产出导向的模型.为此,把基于投入导向的方法转化为基于产出导向的方法.首先,通过理论证明原方法所提出的判定原则也适用于基于产出导向的方法,但由于使用的模型不同,两种方法存在本质的区别.第二,证明了投入导向和产出导向的BCC模型是不等价的,这直接说明两个方法是不等价的.第三,通过实例表明两种方法将产生不同的计算结果,并通过理论分析了其根本原因.上述结论表明,两种方法在投影方式和计算结果等两方面存在差别.因而,开展规模收益分析应该采用基于产出导向的方法.     

基于Gini准则的客观组合评价方法研究——以高技术产业技术创新能力评价为例

为了解决多方法评价结论的非一致性问题,提出了一种基于Gini准则的客观组合评价方法。该方法按照每种评价方法的评价值所提供的信息纯度对每种评价方法赋予相应的权重,信息纯度越大,则相应地赋予越大的权重,然后按照赋予的权重进行客观组合评价。并以高技术产业技术创新能力评价为例,验证了Gini准则客观组合评价方法的可操作和相对有效性。基于Gini准则的客观组合评价方法为解决多方法评价结论的非一致性问题提供了新的思路,是组合评价方法研究的有益补充。     

递推方法的运用技巧

递推方法就是通过寻找递归关系以解决实际问题的方法,用递推法解题的关键在于根据特定条件巧妙构造递推关系,经常将递推方法与其它数学思想方法配合运用,本文结合典型问题的解答来探讨递推方法的运用技巧.     

医学显性致死试验平均死胎率比较的统计分析

负二项分布方法可用作比较显性致死试验中平均死胎率的差异 ,本文对传统的负二项分布方法进行了描述 ,同时提出两种非参数方法 ,且就以上的方法的不足进行了比较 ,例子显示利用文中的一种非参数方法—L法更为合理     

Linearized ridge-path method for function minimization

A modification based on a linearization of a ridge-path optimization method is presented. The linearized ridge-path method is a nongradient, conjugate direction method which converges quadratically in half the number of search directions required for Powell's method of conjugate directions. The ridge-path method and its modification are compared with some basic algorithms, namely, univariate method, steepest descent method, Powell's conjugate direction method, conjugate gradient method, and variable-metric method. The assessment indicates that the ridge-path method, with modifications, could present a promising technique for optimization.This work was in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the MS degree of the first author at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. The authors would like to acknowledge the helpful and constructive suggestions of the reviewer.     

A COLUMN-SECANT UPDATE TECHNIQUE FOR SOLVING SYSTEM OF NONLINEAR EQUATIONS

In this paper,we present a column-secant modification of the SCC method,which is called the CSSCC method.The CSSCC method uses function values more efficiently than the SCC method,and it is shown that the CSSCC method has better local q-convergence and r-convergence rates than the SCC method.The numerical results show that the CSSCC method is competitive with some well known methods for some standard test problems.     

Efficient numerical methods for pricing American options under stochastic volatility

Five numerical methods for pricing American put options under Heston's stochastic volatility model are described and compared. The option prices are obtained as the solution of a two‐dimensional parabolic partial differential inequality. A finite difference discretization on nonuniform grids leading to linear complementarity problems with M‐matrices is proposed. The projected SOR, a projected multigrid method, an operator splitting method, a penalty method, and a componentwise splitting method are considered. The last one is a direct method while all other methods are iterative. The resulting systems of linear equations in the operator splitting method and in the penalty method are solved using a multigrid method. The projected multigrid method and the componentwise splitting method lead to a sequence of linear complementarity problems with one‐dimensional differential operators that are solved using the Brennan and Schwartz algorithm. The numerical experiments compare the accuracy and speed of the considered methods. The accuracies of all methods appear to be similar. Thus, the additional approximations made in the operator splitting method, in the penalty method, and in the componentwise splitting method do not increase the error essentially. The componentwise splitting method is the fastest one. All multigrid‐based methods have similar rapid grid independent convergence rates. They are about two or three times slower that the componentwise splitting method. On the coarsest grid the speed of the projected SOR is comparable with the multigrid methods while on finer grids it is several times slower. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2007     

基于支持向量机的武器系统参数费用模型

在武器系统分析中,建立武器参数费用模型时,首先要挑选特征参数,这里采用R ough理论中的知识约简方法选择武器的特征参数;利用支持向量机建立了参数费用模型;给出了实例和解决此问题的支持向量机源程序.通过实例与线性回归法和神经网络法的结果进行了比较,结果表明支持向量机比较精确和简单.     

On preconditioned Uzawa methods and SOR methods for saddle-point problems

This paper studies convergence analysis of a preconditioned inexact Uzawa method for nondifferentiable saddle-point problems. The SOR-Newton method and the SOR-BFGS method are special cases of this method. We relax the Bramble-Pasciak-Vassilev condition on preconditioners for convergence of the inexact Uzawa method for linear saddle-point problems. The relaxed condition is used to determine the relaxation parameters in the SOR-Newton method and the SOR-BFGS method. Furthermore, we study global convergence of the multistep inexact Uzawa method for nondifferentiable saddle-point problems.     

复合材料旋转壳非线性稳定性分析计算

利用前屈曲一致理论和能量变分法分析计算了复合材料旋转壳非线性稳定性.前屈曲应变-位移关系采用非线性的卡门方程,能量积分采用数值积分,用势能最小原理求解前屈曲位移和内力,提出了求解临界载荷的实用计算方法,用FORTRAN语言编制了相应的计算机程序,并给出了算例.     

KdV方程的特征线混合间断有限元方法

考虑KdV方程的两种特征线性混合间断有限元方法,一种方法建立在标准特征线修正方法的基础上,另一种方法是带有对流项修正的特征线修正方法.利用具有实际物理意义的特征线追踪技巧处理时间导数项和对流项,采用混合间断有限元方法处理三阶导数项,分别证明了两种方法有限元解的唯一性、稳定性和误差估计.     

Interactive bicriterion solution method and its application to critical path method problems

An interactive solution method is developed for bicriterion mathematical programming (BCMP) problems. The new method, called the dichotomous bicriterion mathematical programming (DBCMP) method, combines Tchebycheff theory and the existing paired comparison method (PCM). The DBCMP method is then compared with the PCM method based on critical path method problems with two conflicting objectives: minimizing the total crashing cost and minimizing the total project completion time. The extension of the DBCMP method to BCMP problems with multiple decision makers is also discussed.     

Simultaneous estimation of thin film thickness and optical properties using two-stage optimization

In this work, we proposed the new method for estimation of the thickness and the optical properties of the thin metal oxide film deposited on a transparent substrate. The developed method uses only transmittance spectra measured. Our method is based on the two stage optimization where the thickness is determined in the outer stage and the optical properties are determined in the inner stage. The differential evolutionary algorithm is used in solving the formulated problem. The proposed method was illustrated in the case study of Titanium dioxide film deposited on a glass substrate. The results indicate that the thickness and the optical properties estimated agree well with the experiment. Moreover, we investigated robustness of the proposed method in the case of transmittance spectra containing noises. The data were modelled by adding random noises ranging between 0 and 30% to the transmittance spectra measured. It is seen that the proposed method has better robustness and performance than the existing method based on pointwise unconstrained minimization approach. In solving the estimation problem, the performance of the proposed method was also compared with the well-known Levenberg?CMarquardt method and single stage differential evolutionary method. The results indicate that the proposed method has better performance than Levenberg?CMarquardt method and single stage differential evolutionary method. Moreover, the proposed method is more robust to random noise than Levenberg?CMarquardt method and single stage differential evolutionary method.     

基于蒙特卡洛仿真的理想点决策方法及其应用

首先分析了传统TOPS IS方法的基本原理和计算步骤,指出了传统TOPS IS方法应用时存在的限制与不足,提出了基于计算机蒙特卡洛仿真方法与传统理想点方法相结合的思想,该方法可以利用评测所给的区间值,既方便表述评测结果,也充分利用了评测结果,更加接近实际情况,因而,有助于提高决策质量.最后,通过复杂工程系统设计决策一个算例验证了该法的可行性与有效性.