管件无模拉伸成形力能参数数学模型研究

对不锈钢管件无模拉伸变形速度场及力能参数进行了理论及实验研究.分析了不锈钢管件无模拉伸的变形模型、速度场以及力能参数的影响因素及影响规律,采用上限法确定了不锈钢管件无模拉伸速度场及力能参数物理模型,填补了国内外关于不锈钢管件无模拉伸变形及力能参数物理模型研究的空白.为不锈钢管件无模拉伸工艺工业化应用奠定基础.     

线材无模拉拔成形力数学模型研究

采用上限法确定了钨合金线材无模拉拔成形速度场及力能参数物理模型.分析了钨合金线材无模拉拔成形的变形模型、速度场以及力能参数的影响因素及影响规律,无模成形力能参数的影响因素主要有冷热源间距、断面减缩率、变形温度、拉伸速度、冷热源移动速度以及材料种类等,为无模拉拔成形工艺工业化应用奠定基础.     

空泡溃灭时的流场

本文在Rayleigh方法的基础上,对具有表面张力含汽型空泡的溃灭进行了分析.导出空泡溃灭时空泡半径、泡壁速度及溃灭压力与时间的函数关系,并由此给出速度场及压力场的数值解.     

余弦模拉拔方棒速度场的曲面积分解法

本文对使用余弦模拉拔方棒变形问题,设定了运动许可的三维速度场。证明了该速度场的散度为零且变形区出。入口截面不消耗剪切功率,然后用上界定理与曲面积分方法首次得到了用余弦模拉拔方棒时变形力的解析解。     

免扩孔径向水平井钻管转向室内试验

针对免扩孔径向水平井钻管经转向器后与地层干涉这一问题,设计了钻管转向试验台以及转向器样机,并对钻管通过转向器过程进行了室内试验,研究钻管弯曲转向后的截面变形、推进力的变化规律,并对钻管的校直情况进行了数据分析.结果表明:相同外径的钻管,通过转向器样机时,穿出校直段钻管的椭圆度与壁厚有关,壁厚越小的钻管,椭圆度越大,对于相同直径的钻管来说,壁厚越大,通过时的推进力越大.对于相同壁厚不同直径的钻管来说,直径越大的钻管其所需的推进力越大.     

基于深海卷管铺设的海管椭圆度分析

深水海管在使用卷管铺设时,海管截面变形较大,产生椭圆化现象,降低了海管的弯曲能力,甚至使海管发生失稳及局部屈曲．利用应变能法和Ritz法建立了海管椭圆度理论求解方法．用有限元软件ABAQUS对有初始弯曲曲率及无初始弯曲曲率的海管分别进行了非线性有限元分析,并与modified Brazier方法及modified von Kármán方法得到的结果进行了比较．由以上几种方法得到的计算结果基本吻合．再次利用有限元软件对海管椭圆度的敏感参数进行了分析,多组结果显示椭圆度受海管管径、壁厚、初始弯曲曲率、弯曲曲率等参数的影响,并得到了椭圆度随海管几何参数变化的规律．椭圆度的研究为深海卷管铺设提供了理论基础.     

U型波纹壳轴对称大挠度非线性变形问题(Ⅱ)——计及壁厚分布的变化

在文[1]基础上,假设U型波纹壳子午线上任一点处壁厚的对数与该点到对称轴距离的对数成线性关系,给出了相应的轴对称大挠度问题的摄动解,讨论了由工艺因素引起的壁厚分布的变化对波纹壳刚度的影响.     

变壁厚柱壳的轴对称问题

本文给出了壁厚按二次函数变化的轴对称柱壳的一般解.K.Federhofer[1]曾研究过壁厚按轴向坐标的二次函数变化的轴对称柱壳,并且给出了在某些情况下的解.本文也研究上述壳体.对于所有可能的情况,给出了控制微分方程的齐次解;对于控制微分方程的非齐次项可表示为自变量的多项式或收敛幂级数的情况,给出了方程的特解.     

半球壳弯曲振动的分析

本文对半球壳的弯曲振动(频率)进行了详细地分析研究.给出了壳体两端边界角及壁厚变化时,谐振频率的变化规律.对于研制半球壳作为敏感部件的仪表如半球壳谐振陀螺仪有重要的应用价值.     

可压槽道湍流的直接数值模拟及标度律分析

采用基于非等距网格的紧致差分方法对Mach数为0.8,Reynolds数为3300的可压缩槽道湍流进行了直接数值模拟.建立了充分发展的可压缩槽道湍流数据库.该流场的统计特征（如等效平均速度分布,半局部尺度无量纲化的脉动均方根分布）与他人的数值计算结果吻合较好.在此DNS结果的基础上,作者对该流场进行了统计分析和机理研究.得到了可压缩槽道湍流场的高阶统计矩.同时分析了压缩性效应对近壁相干结构的影响机理,认为在可压壁湍流的近壁区,压力在压缩_膨胀上的做功部分吸收了脉动速度的动能,使得可压湍流的近壁速度条带结构更加平整.还对可压缩槽道湍流进行了标度律分析,指出可压槽道湍流中心线附近较宽的区域内存在标度律及扩展的自相似性.认为当Mach数不是很高时压缩性效应对标度指数影响不大.通过数值计算得到可压缩槽道湍流的标度指数.     

充液弹性毛细管低温相变的力学分析

充液弹性毛细管广泛存在于生物体（如毛细血管、植物导管等）和工程领域（如微流控冰阀门、制冷系统热管、MEMS微通道谐振器等）.低温工作环境中,充液弹性毛细管内部的液柱会发生相变并引发冻胀效应,从而导致管壁的变形、损伤乃至断裂.该文建立并求解了考虑温度梯度、界面张力及液体冻胀作用的弹性毛细管平衡方程,分析了液柱低温相变过程中毛细管壁的径向和环向应力,发现管壁应力分布受热毛细弹性数和冻毛细弹性数的影响,且影响大小跟壁厚相关.该研究不仅有助于理解生物体内充液弹性毛细管冻胀失效机制,还可为MEMS微流控芯片的抗冻胀失效设计提供理论指导.     

Application of inverse finite element method in tube hydroforming modeling

In tube hydroforming, the inverse finite element method (IFEM) has been used for estimating the initial length of tube, axial feeding and fluid pressure. The already developed IFEM algorithm used in this work is based on the total deformation theory of plasticity. Although the nature of tube hydroforming is three-dimensional deformation, in this paper a modeling technique has been used to perform the computations in two-dimensional space. Therefore, compared with conventional forward finite element methods, the present computations are quite fast with no trial and error process. In addition, the solution provides all the components of strain. Using the forming limit diagram (FLD), the components of strain can lead us to measure the potentials for failures or wrinkles during the deformation. The results of analysis for free bulging and square bulging have been compared with some published experimental data and the results obtained by conventional commercial software.     

3D FEA of Size Effects in Deformation of Thin Metallic Films

The purpose of this work is to analyze size effects in the deformation occurring during nanoindentation-tests of thin metallic films on ceramic substrates. It is well known that classical phenomenological theories of plasticity are hardly applicable in cases of very small dimensions of a body [1]. Thus, the dependency of the mechanical behavior of thin films on the thickness can not be studied in the framework of classical theories. In order to simulate numerically the deformation, a specific material model has been chosen which is able to account for size effects. It bases on the theory of ”Mechanism Strain Gradient” (MSG) plasticity [2] in conjunction with the deformation theory of plasticity. The material model has been implemented via the user defined element subroutine (UEL) in the commercial FE code ABAQUS/Standard as a ten-node tetrahedron-element. With the developed subroutine the deformation of thin copper films on Si substrates during nanoindentation-tests has been simulated. Different material models of the indentor (rigid and elastic) as well as different friction conditions between the film and the pyramidal indentor were tested. Furthermore, the influence of an additional oxide layer on the films surface has been analysed. In order to verify the numerical investigations, results from nanoindentation experiments have been used for comparison [4]. The FE simulations for different thicknesses in the range of 100-600nm showed a very good agreement with the experiments. In particular, the size dependency of the force-displacement curves, calculated by using the developed subroutine, is in rather good agreement with experiments. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Nonlinear mathematical analysis for blood flow in a constricted artery under periodic body acceleration

This study analyses the pulsatile flow of blood through mild stenosed narrow arteries, treating the blood in the core region as a Casson fluid and the plasma in the peripheral layer as a Newtonian fluid. Perturbation method is employed to solve the resulting coupled implicit system of non-linear partial differential equations. The expressions for shear stress, velocity, wall shear stress, plug core radius, flow rate and longitudinal impedance to flow are obtained. The effects of pulsatility, stenosis depth, peripheral layer thickness, body acceleration and non-Newtonian behavior of blood on these flow quantities are discussed. It is noted that the plug core radius, wall shear stress and longitudinal impedance to flow increase as the yield stress and stenosis depth increase and they decrease with the increase of the body acceleration, pressure gradient, width of the peripheral layer thickness. It is observed that the plug flow velocity and flow rate increase with the increase of the pulsatile Reynolds number, body acceleration, pressure gradient and the width of the peripheral layer thickness and the reverse behavior is found when the yield stress, stenosis depth and lead angle increase. It is also recorded that the wall shear stress and longitudinal impedance to flow are considerably lower for the two-fluid Casson model than that of the single-fluid Casson model. It is found that the presence of body acceleration and peripheral layer influences the mean flow rate and mean velocity by increasing their magnitude significantly in the arteries.     

Disturbance and repair of solitary waves in blood vessels with aneurysm

This paper analyzes the effects of a local increase of radius followed by local variation of the thickness or rigidity of an elastic tube on the behavior of solitary waves. The basic equations for the analysis is a set of Boussinesq-type equations derived from the flow equations in elastic tubes. It is found that the increase in rigidity and thickness reduces the effects of the tube local enlargement on the amplitude of waves. Attention is paid to the aneurysmal affection of blood vessels where there is an increase in rigidity due to calcification or an increase of thickness due to thromboses. It thus comes that those effects contribute to the regeneration of blood waves and can merge the effects of the disease.     

Optimal Thickness of a Cylindrical Shell Under a Time-Dependent Force

We discuss thickness optimization problems for cylindrical tubes that are loaded by time-dependent applied force. This is a problem of shape optimization that leads to optimal control in linear elasticity theory. We determine the optimal thickness of a cylindrical tube by minimizing the deformation of the tube under the influence of an external force. The main difficulty is that the state equation is a hyperbolic partial differential equation of the fourth order. The first order necessary conditions for the optimal solution are derived. Based on them, a numerical method is set up and numerical examples are presented.     

Laminar flow separation in an axi-symmetric sudden smooth expanded circular tube

This paper concerns with the investigation of laminar flow separation and its consequences in a tube over a smooth expansion under the axi-symmetric approximations. A co-ordinate stretching has been made to map the expanded tube into a straight tube. The two-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are solved approximately by using primitive variables in staggered grid. A thorough quantitative analysis is performed through numerical simulations of the desired quantities such as wall shear stress, axial velocity, pressure distribution etc. These quantities are presented graphically and their consequences in the flow field are analysed in details. The dependence of the flow field on the physical parameter like expansion height d and on the Reynolds number has been investigated in details. It is interesting to note that the peak value of wall shear stress decreases with increasing height of expansion and also with the increasing Reynolds number.     

The plastic loss of stability of a thin-walled tube under axial compression

A theoretical model of the plastic shaping of ring folds in the axial compression of a thin-walled tube with smooth plates after local loss of stability is presented. The initial stage of the shaping is calculated using membrane theory of a rigid-plastic envelope under the von Mises plasticity condition, taking into account the deformation strengthening and the change in the wall thickness. The final stage is calculated using moment theory with the finite curvature of the curvilinear parts of the folds. The calculated forms of the folds and the force-displacement dependences when there is loss of stability agree satisfactorily with experimental data.