全对策的边际贡献值

全对策是定义在局中人集合的所有分划集上的一类特殊合作对策.本文在效用可转移情形下研究全对策的"值"问题.定义了全对策的边际贡献值,得出全对策的Shapley值,以及具有某些性质的值是边际贡献值,并给出两种边际贡献值的具体表达式,及其一些性质.     

A class of estimators with estimated optimum values in sample surveys

Srivastava and Jhajj (1981) proposed a class of estimators for population mean of a character using auxiliary information and optimum values involving unknown parameters. From the practical point of view, their results have very little utility. In view of practical utility, we propose a class of estimators with estimated optimum values. Further, it is shown that the proposed class with estimated optimum values attains the same minimum mean square error of the class of estimators based on optimum values.     

Records from reversed generalized logistic distribution and associated inference

This paper deals with, the record values from Reversed Generalized Logistic Distribution (RGLD) and the explicit expressions for its means, variances and covariances. Some recurrence relations satisfied by the single and product moments of record values from RGLD are obtained. These recurrence relations will enable one to obtain all the single and product moments of all record values in a simple recursive manner. The limit distribution for record values from RGLD and the entropy of record values from RGLD are investigated. Some associated inference are developed. Finally, we derived example to illustrate our aim.     

扩散方程一种无条件稳定的保正并行有限差分方法

本文针对扩散方程提出了一种保正的并行差分格式,并且这个格式为无条件稳定的.我们在每个时间层将计算区域分成许多个子区域以便于实施并行计算.格式构造中首先我们使用前两个时间层的计算结果在分区界面处通过一种非线性的保正外插来预估子区域界面值.然后在每个子区域内部使用经典的全隐格式进行计算.最后在界面处使用全隐格式进行校正（本质上这一步计算是显式计算）.我们给出了一维与二维情形下的保正并行差分格式,并相应的给出了无条件稳定性证明.数值实验显示此并行格式具有二阶数值精度,而且无条件稳定性与保正性也均在数值实验中得到验证.     

A stochastic method for robustness analysis in sorting problems

ELECTRE TRI is a multiple criteria decision aiding sorting method with a history of successful real-life applications. In ELECTRE TRI, values for certain parameters have to be provided. We propose a new method, SMAA-TRI, that is based on stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA), for analyzing the stability of such parameters. The stability analysis can be used for deriving robust conclusions. SMAA-TRI allows ELECTRE TRI to be used with uncertain, arbitrarily distributed values for weights, the lambda cutting level, and profiles. The method consists of analyzing finite spaces of arbitrarily distributed parameter values. Monte Carlo simulation is applied in this in order to describe for each alternative the share of parameter values that have it assigned to different categories. We show the real-life applicability by re-analyzing a case study in the field of risk assessment.     

Estimating Missing Values Using Neural Networks

The problem of missing values is common in statistical analysis. One approach to deal with missing values is to delete the incomplete cases from the data set. This approach may disregard valuable information, especially in small samples. An alternative approach is to reconstruct the missing values using the information in the data set. The major purpose of this paper is to investigate how a neural network approach performs compared to statistical techniques for reconstructing missing values. The backpropagation algorithm is used as the learning method to reconstruct missing values. The results of back-propagation are compared with results from two methods, viz., (1) using averages, and (2) using iterative regression analysis, to compute missing values. Experimental results show that backpropagation consistently outperforms other methods in both the training and the test data sets, and suggest that the neural network approach is a useful tool for reconstructing missing values in multivariate analysis.     

Two-step coalition values for multichoice games

We introduce and compare several coalition values for multichoice games. Albizuri defined coalition structures and an extension of the Owen coalition value for multichoice games using the average marginal contribution of a player over a set of orderings of the player’s representatives. Following an approach used for cooperative games, we introduce a set of nested or two-step coalition values on multichoice games which measure the value of each coalition and then divide this among the players in the coalition using either a Shapley or Banzhaf value at each step. We show that when a Shapley value is used in both steps, the resulting coalition value coincides with that of Albizuri. We axiomatize the three new coalition values and show that each set of axioms, including that of Albizuri, is independent. Further we show how the multilinear extension can be used to compute the coalition values. We conclude with a brief discussion about the applicability of the different values.     

Weighted Shapley hierarchy levels values

A new class of values for cooperative games with level structure is introduced. We apply a multi-step proceeding to the weighted Shapley values. For characterization, two well-known axiomatizations of the weighted Shapley values are extended, the first one by efficiency and weighted balanced contributions and the second one by weighted standardness for two-player games and consistency. We get a new axiomatization of the Shapley levels value too.     

一种考虑决策者风险偏好的区间数多属性决策方法

针对属性值以区间数形式给出的多属性决策问题,提出了一种决策分析方法。在本文中,首先描述了属性值为区间数形式的多属性决策问题;然后通过引入决策者的风险偏好因子将区间数决策信息映射为实数值决策信息,并依据属性值与属性均值绝对偏差的大小确定了属性的权重,在此基础上依据所得权重给出了基于加权和法的方案排序方法,通过对风险偏好因子的不同取值还可进行方案排序的灵敏度分析。最后,通过一个算例说明了本文给出方法的可行性和有效性。