具有非单调摩擦热弹性接触问题的有限元法

给出了一个变形体和刚性基础之间用双边摩擦表达其接触性质的、静态热弹性问题的方程式及其近似解法.以非单调、多值性表示该摩擦定律.忽略了问题的耦合效应,则问题的传热部分与弹性部分各自独立处理.位移矢量公式化为非凸的次静态问题,用局部Lipschitz连续函数来表示变形体的总势能.用有限单元法近似求解全部问题.     

含摩擦效应的三维直管中定常可压缩亚音速Euler流

本文研究由带摩擦效应的三维非等熵可压缩Euler方程组描述的管道内气体的定常流动.这种流动在工程中被称为Fanno流.本文在等方截面平直管道中分别构造非平凡的亚音流、超音流和跨音激波.由于对亚音流,三维定常可压缩Euler方程组是典型的拟线性双曲-椭圆复合型方程组,尚无一般理论,本文提出一个源于跨音激波的边值问题,通过证明上述特殊的亚音流关于进出口边界条件的高维扰动的稳定性,说明该边值问题提法的合理性.本文的证明基于对Euler方程组中双曲部分和椭圆部分的主部的分离,以及设计恰当的非线性迭代格式.特别地,由于摩擦效应, Euler方程组中双曲部分和椭圆部分出现了较强的相互作用,诱导出一类含积分非局部项的二阶线性椭圆型方程混合边值问题.本文用Fourier分析方法和二阶椭圆型方程正则性理论等研究了该非局部问题的适定性.     

Blast Damage Simulation With the Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method of Bond⁃Based Peridynamics北大核心CSCD

近场动力学是一种积分型非局部的连续介质力学理论,已广泛应用于固体材料和结构的非连续变形与破坏分析中,其数值求解方法主要采用无网格粒子类的显式动力学方法.近年来,弱形式近场动力学方程的非连续Galerkin有限元法得到发展,该方法不仅可以描述考察体的非局部作用效应和非连续变形特性,还可以充分利用有限单元法高效求解的特点,并继承了有限元法能直接施加局部边界条件的优点,可有效避免近场动力学的表面效应问题.该文阐述了键型近场动力学的非连续Galerkin有限元法的基本原理,导出了计算列式,给出了具体算法流程和细节,计算模拟了脆性玻璃板动态开裂分叉问题,并对爆炸冲击荷载作用下混凝土板的毁伤过程进行了计算分析.研究结果表明,该方法能够再现爆炸冲击荷载作用下结构的复杂破裂模式和毁伤破坏过程,且具有较高的计算效率,是模拟结构爆炸冲击毁伤效应的一种有效方法.     

准静力学双面接触支承问题及其粘弹性材料的非局部摩擦

建立了描述变形体和基础间接触问题的数学模型.接触是双面的,并采用非局部摩擦定理建模,支承列入计算.粘结场(bonding field)的变化用一个一阶的常微分方程来表示,材料特性用一个非线性粘弹性本构关系建模.导出了该力学问题的变分公式,当摩擦因数充分小时,证明了其弱解的存在性和唯一性.依赖于时间的变分不等式、微分方程和Banach不动点理论,是该证明依据的基础.     

基于第二粘性用局部微分求积法计算激波

考虑第二粘性效应,采用局部微分求积法数值求解激波问题.首先解释了在激波计算时,有必要考虑第二粘性,然后基于粘性模型,对一维和二维激波进行了数值模拟,还分别考察了剪切粘性力和第二粘性力对数值结果的影响.结果表明,采用粘性模型加上局部微分求积法能够模拟出激波特征,具有客观、简单的优点.     

Hall电流对表面热通量均匀的竖直可渗透平板上MHD自然对流的影响

在横向磁场作用下,研究Hall电流对竖直可渗透平板上MHD自然对流的影响,平板具有均匀的热通量.和外部磁场相比,假设感应磁场可以忽略不计.利用自由变量公式化(FVF)和流函数公式化(SFF),将边界层方程简化为适当的形式.对局部蒸发系数ζ的整个取值范围,由FVF得到的抛物型方程,用简明的有限差分法进行数值积分;另一方面,由SFF得到的非相似方程,采用局部非相似法求解.有些区域,如局部蒸发系数ζ值足够大或足够小时,用正规的摄动法求解.对低值Prandtl数Pr,例如Pr=0.005,0.01,0.05时,用图形表示磁场参数M和Hall参数m,对局部表面摩擦因数和局部Nusselt数的影响.最后对不同的局部蒸发系数ζ值,给出流体的速度和温度分布.     

一类组合硬化金属材料的成型问题

对一类组合金属材料,即不可压缩、刚塑性、与应变率相关、各向同性、运动中硬化的材料,在非局部接触的Coulomb摩擦边界条件下,考虑其准稳定成型问题.导出一组耦合的变分公式,证明(含延迟时间的)变刚度参数法的收敛性,证明了所得结果的存在性和唯一性.     

基于非局部弹性应力场理论的纳米尺度效应研究:纳米梁的平衡条件、控制方程以及静态挠度

该文成功地解答了3个关于非局部应力理论用于纳米梁的问题:(ⅰ)在绝大多数研究中,非局部效应增加导致纳米结构体刚度下降,其现象表现为弯曲挠度增加,固有频率减少,屈曲载荷下降,但为什么Eringen的非局部弹性理论给出了完全相反的结论;(ⅱ)为什么在某些研究结果中,非局部效应消失或是对研究结果无影响,比如纳米悬臂梁在集中载荷作用下的弯曲挠度;(ⅲ)在高阶控制方程中,为什么高阶边界条件不存在.通过应用非局部弹性理论和精确变分原理分析纳米梁的弯曲问题,推导出全新的平衡条件、控制方程、边界条件和静态响应.这些方程和条件包含了与之前的相关研究结果符号相反的高阶微分项,这一差别导致了纳米效应对结构体的影响结果完全相反.还证明之前为大家所公认的纳米梁静态或动态平衡条件实际上没有达到平衡,只有用等效弯矩代替非局部弯矩时,才可达到平衡.这些结论通常是可以被其它方法,比如应变梯度理论、耦合应力模型以及相关实验所证明.     

关于树指标非齐次马氏链的广义熵遍历定理

主要研究了树指标非齐次马氏链的广义熵遍历定理.首先证明了树指标非齐次马氏链上的二元函数延迟平均的强极限定理.然后得到了树指标非齐次马氏链上状态出现延迟频率的强大数定律,以及树指标非齐次马氏链的广义熵遍历定理.作为推论,推广了一些已有结果.同时,证明了局部有限无穷树树指标有限状态随机过程广义熵密度的一致可积性.     

基于非局部应变梯度理论功能梯度纳米板的弯曲和屈曲研究

以纳米机器人等智能器件中的功能梯度纳米板结构为研究对象,基于非局部应变梯度理论,研究了其弯曲和屈曲问题.推导了一般情况下的功能梯度纳米板运动方程,弯曲和屈曲作为其特例可简化而成.分析了非局部尺度参数、材料特征尺度参数、梯度指数、纳米板尺寸等对弯曲挠度和临界屈曲载荷的影响.结果表明:不同高阶连续介质力学理论下的最大挠度都随梯度指数的增大而增大,正方形纳米板挠度较小,且板厚越大,弯曲挠度越小;最大挠度随非局部尺度参数的增大而增大,随材料特征尺度参数的增大而减小.临界屈曲载荷随梯度指数的增大而减小,随板厚、长宽比的增大而增大,随非局部尺度的增大而减小,随材料特征尺度的增大而增大.非局部应变梯度高阶弯曲和屈曲中存在结构软化与硬化机制,两个内特征参数之间具有耦合效应,当非局部尺度大于材料特征尺度时,非局部效应在功能梯度纳米板力学性能中占主导作用;当材料特征尺度大于非局部尺度时,应变梯度效应占主导作用.解析结果还证明了当非局部尺度等于材料特征尺度时,非局部应变梯度理论结果退化为经典结果.     

Existence of a solution to a dynamic unilateral contact problem for a cracked viscoelastic body

In this paper we study a dynamic unilateral contact problem with friction for a cracked viscoelastic body. The viscoelastic model is characterized by Kelvin–Voigt's law and a nonlocal friction law is investigated here. The existence of a solution to the problem is obtained by using a penalty method. Several estimates are obtained on the solution to the penalized problem, which enable us to pass to the limit by using compactness results. To cite this article: M. Cocou, G. Scarella, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004).     

Modelling and numerical approach to a class of metal‐forming problems—Quasi‐steady case

A class of quasi‐steady metal‐forming problems, with rigid‐plastic, incompressible, strain and strain‐rate dependent material model and with unilateral frictionless and nonlinear, nonlocal Coulomb's frictional contact conditions is considered. A coupled variational formulation, constituted of a variational inequality, with nonlinear and nondifferentiable terms, and a strain evolution equation, is derived and under a restriction on the material characteristics and using a variable stiffness parameters method with time retardation, existence, uniqueness and convergence results are obtained and presented. An algorithm, combining this method and the finite element method, is proposed and applied for solving an example strip drawing problem. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of a Constitutive Friction Law Using an Elastic-Plastic Half-Space Model

Friction influences metal forming processes both in economic and technical terms. A precise understanding of friction is inevitable as friction restricts the potential of the product design. Friction depends on the occurring contact loads which is especially true for sheet-bulk metal forming (SBMF) as the incorporated contact loads appear in a very broad range. Numerical simulations, which are verified experimentally, are carried out to analyse contact interactions which typically appear in SBMF. On the one hand the multi-scale character of rough surfaces requires a very fine resolution of the contact area, on the other hand a large contact area is necessary to be representative. A half-space model is chosen for the contact analysis, because it only depends on the two-dimensional surface boundary which consumes less computing capacity than the finite element method (FEM) with its three-dimensional volume approach for the same surface resolution and area. The outcome is a constitutive friction law (CFL) consisting of two equations. The law is implemented into the framework of FEM to see the impact in a typical SBMF-process which aims to form metal sheet into cups with integrated gearing teeth. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Surface Deformation due to Shear and Ploughing in a Halfspace

Sheet and bulk metal forming are widely used manufacturing methods. The interaction between worktool and workpiece in such a process causes friction which has a remarkable impact on the expended energy of the process. Therefore the influence of friction is important. Friction can be split into shearing and ploughing [1]. Ploughing is the plastic deformation of a soft surface by a hard contact partner. Shear forces are only transferred in the real contact area where material contact occurs. The investigation of the contribution of both ploughing and shearing to the total friction resistance is done with the use of an elasto-plastic halfspace model. The multiscale character of surfaces demands a fine discretization, which results in numerical effort. While a finite element method takes into account both surface and bulk of the contact partners, the halfspace model only regards the contact surfaces and thereby consumes less computing capacity. In order to identify the friction resistance, two rough surfaces get into contact. After full application of the normal load, the surfaces are moved relatively to each other. New asperities of the contact surfaces get into contact and are plastically deformed. These deformations are used to estimate the ploughing effect in dependency on the relative displacement. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A class of implicit variational inequalities and applications to frictional contact

This paper deals with the mathematical and numerical analysis of a class of abstract implicit evolution variational inequalities. The results obtained here can be applied to a large variety of quasistatic contact problems in linear elasticity, including unilateral contact or normal compliance conditions with friction. In particular, a quasistatic unilateral contact problem with nonlocal friction is considered. An algorithm is derived and some numerical examples are presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of a dynamic unilateral contact problem for a cracked viscoelastic body

This work deals with the mathematical analysis of a dynamic unilateral contact problem with friction for a cracked viscoelastic body. We consider here a Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic material and a nonlocal friction law. To prove the existence of a solution to the unilateral problem with friction, an auxiliary penalized problem is studied. Several estimates on the penalized solutions are given, which enable us to pass to the limit by using compactness results.     

Analysis of a dynamic unilateral contact problem for a cracked viscoelastic body

This work deals with the mathematical analysis of a dynamic unilateral contact problem with friction for a cracked viscoelastic body. We consider here a Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic material and a nonlocal friction law. To prove the existence of a solution to the unilateral problem with friction, an auxiliary penalized problem is studied. Several estimates on the penalized solutions are given, which enable us to pass to the limit by using compactness results. Received: February 16, 2005     

A dynamic unilateral contact problem with adhesion and friction in viscoelasticity

The aim of this paper is to study an interaction law coupling recoverable adhesion, friction and unilateral contact between two viscoelastic bodies of Kelvin–Voigt type. A dynamic contact problem with adhesion and nonlocal friction is considered and its variational formulation is written as the coupling between an implicit variational inequality and a parabolic variational inequality describing the evolution of the intensity of adhesion. The existence and approximation of variational solutions are analysed, based on a penalty method, some abstract results and compactness properties. Finally, some numerical examples are presented.     

Existence of solutions of a dynamic Signorini's problem with nonlocal friction in viscoelasticity

A dynamic unilateral contact problem with nonlocal friction for a viscoelastic body satisfying a Kelvin-Voigt law is studied. Using a penalty method and compactness results, the existence of a weak solution of this problem is proved.