Maximizing Free Entropy

Maximization problems are solved for Voiculescu's free entropy of probability measures supported in R, R+, and [-1, 1], respectively, under constraint of the pth moment for any p > 0 and implications of these results for multivariate free entropy are discussed in the setting of noncommutative random variables. Similar extremum problems are treated for probability measures on C and Tunder certain constraints. The elliptic law and a distribution found earlier in quantum physics are encountered. These results are in the setting of potential theory and can be viewed independently from Voiculescu's work. The machinery of weighted potentials is exploited.     

Topological Entropy for the Canonical Endomorphism of Cuntz-Krieger Algebras

It is shown that Voiculescu's topological entropy for the canonicalendomorphism of a simple Cuntz–Krieger algebra O_A equalsthe logarithm of the spectral radius of A. 1991 MathematicsSubject Classification 46L55.     

New scaling of Itzykson-Zuber integrals

We study asymptotics of the Itzykson-Zuber integrals in the scaling when one of the matrices has a small rank compared to the full rank. We show that the result is basically the same as in the case when one of the matrices has a fixed rank. In this way we extend the recent results of Guionnet and Maïda who showed that for the fixed rank scaling, the Itzykson-Zuber integral is given in terms of the Voiculescu's R-transform of the full rank matrix.     

Large deviations for Wigner's law and Voiculescu's non-commutative entropy

Summary. We study the spectral measure of Gaussian Wigner's matrices and prove that it satisfies a large deviation principle. We show that the good rate function which governs this principle achieves its minimum value at Wigner's semicircular law, which entails the convergence of the spectral measure to the semicircular law. As a conclusion, we give some further examples of random matrices with spectral measure satisfying a large deviation principle and argue about Voiculescu's non commutative entropy. Received: 3 April 1995 / In revised form: 14 December 1996     

一类Smale空间上的C~*-代数自同构的熵

Ian Putnam利用Smale空间上的渐近等价关系定义了广群C~*-代数及其典则自同构.本文在零维Smale空间的情形下,计算此类C~*-自同构的逼近熵,证明了相应C~*-动力系统关于CNT熵和逼近熵的"变分原理"成立.由此推演出此类Smale空间上的Bowen测度诱导的C~*-代数上的态是此典则自同构的唯一平衡态.     

Combinatorial independence in measurable dynamics

We develop a fine-scale local analysis of measure entropy and measure sequence entropy based on combinatorial independence. The concepts of measure IE-tuples and measure IN-tuples are introduced and studied in analogy with their counterparts in topological dynamics. Local characterizations of the Pinsker von Neumann algebra and its sequence entropy analogue are given in terms of combinatorial independence, ?₁ geometry, and Voiculescu's completely positive approximation entropy. Among the novel features of our local study is the treatment of general discrete acting groups, with the structural assumption of amenability in the case of entropy.     

Lyapunov exponents of free operators

Lyapunov exponents of a dynamical system are a useful tool to gauge the stability and complexity of the system. This paper offers a definition of Lyapunov exponents for a sequence of free linear operators. The definition is based on the concept of the extended Fuglede-Kadison determinant. We establish the existence of Lyapunov exponents, derive formulas for their calculation, and show that Lyapunov exponents of free variables are additive with respect to operator product. We illustrate these results using an example of free operators whose singular values are distributed by the Marchenko-Pastur law, and relate this example to C.M. Newman's “triangle” law for the distribution of Lyapunov exponents of large random matrices with independent Gaussian entries. As an interesting by-product of our results, we derive a relation between the extended Fuglede-Kadison determinant and Voiculescu's S-transform.     

The non-microstates free entropy dimension of DT-operators

Dykema and Haagerup introduced the class of DT-operators (Amer. J. Math. 126 (2004) 121-189) and also showed that every DT-operator generate (J. Funct. Anal. 209 (2004) 332-366), the von Neumann algebra generated by the free group on two generators. In this paper, we prove that Voiculescu's non-microstates free entropy dimension is 2 for all DT-operators.     

Fractal entropies and dimensions for microstates spaces

Using Voiculescu's notion of a matricial microstate we introduce fractal dimensions and entropies for finite sets of selfadjoint operators in a tracial von Neumann algebra. We show that they possess properties similar to their classical predecessors. We relate the new quantities to free entropy and free entropy dimension and show that a modified version of free Hausdorff dimension is an algebraic invariant. We compute the free Hausdorff dimension in the cases where the set generates a finite-dimensional algebra or where the set consists of a single selfadjoint. We show that the Hausdorff dimension becomes additive for such sets in the presence of freeness.     

On classical analogues of free entropy dimension

We define a classical probability analogue of Voiculescu's free entropy dimension that we shall call the classical probability entropy dimension of a probability measure on Rn. We show that the classical probability entropy dimension of a measure is related with diverse other notions of dimension. First, it can be viewed as a kind of fractal dimension. Second, if one extends Bochner's inequalities to a measure by requiring that microstates around this measure asymptotically satisfy the classical Bochner's inequalities, then we show that the classical probability entropy dimension controls the rate of increase of optimal constants in Bochner's inequality for a measure regularized by convolution with the Gaussian law as the regularization is removed. We introduce a free analogue of the Bochner inequality and study the related free entropy dimension quantity. We show that it is greater or equal to the non-microstates free entropy dimension.     

Topological entropy and AF subalgebras of graph -algebras

Let be the canonical AF subalgebra of a graph -algebra associated with a locally finite directed graph . For Brown and Voiculescu's topological entropy of the canonical completely positive map on , is known to hold for a finite graph , where is the loop entropy of Gurevic and is the block entropy of Salama. For an irreducible infinite graph , the inequality has recently been known. It is shown in this paper that

where is the graph with the direction of the edges reversed. Some irreducible infinite graphs 1)$"> with are also examined.

     

Rates of Convergence of Means of Euclidean Functionals

Let L be the Euclidean functional with p-th power-weighted edges. Examples include the sum of the p-th power-weighted lengths of the edges in minimal spanning trees, traveling salesman tours, and minimal matchings. Motivated by the works of Steele, Redmond and Yukich (Ann. Appl. Probab. 4, 1057–1073, 1994, Stoch. Process. Appl. 61, 289–304, 1996) have shown that for n i.i.d. sample points {X ₁,…,X _n } from [0,1] ^d , L({X ₁,…,X _n })/n ^(d−p)/d converges a.s. to a finite constant. Here we bound the rate of convergence of EL({X ₁,…,X _n })/n ^(d−p)/d . Y. Koo supported by the BK21 project of the Department of Mathematics, Sungkyunkwan University. S. Lee supported by the BK21 project of the Department of Mathematics, Yonsei University.     

Enumeration of perfect matchings of a type of Cartesian products of graphs

Let G be a graph and let Pm(G) denote the number of perfect matchings of G.We denote the path with m vertices by P_m and the Cartesian product of graphs G and H by G×H. In this paper, as the continuance of our paper [W. Yan, F. Zhang, Enumeration of perfect matchings of graphs with reflective symmetry by Pfaffians, Adv. Appl. Math. 32 (2004) 175-188], we enumerate perfect matchings in a type of Cartesian products of graphs by the Pfaffian method, which was discovered by Kasteleyn. Here are some of our results:1. Let T be a tree and let C_n denote the cycle with n vertices. Then Pm(C₄×T)=∏(2+α²), where the product ranges over all eigenvalues α of T. Moreover, we prove that Pm(C₄×T) is always a square or double a square.2. Let T be a tree. Then Pm(P₄×T)=∏(1+3α²+α⁴), where the product ranges over all non-negative eigenvalues α of T.3. Let T be a tree with a perfect matching. Then Pm(P₃×T)=∏(2+α²), where the product ranges over all positive eigenvalues α of T. Moreover, we prove that Pm(C₄×T)=[Pm(P₃×T)]².     

Galois Structure of K-Groups of Rings of Integers

N/Kbe a Galois extension of number fields with finite Galois group G.We describe a new approach for constructing invariants of the G-module structure of the K groups of the ring of integers of N in the Grothendieck group of finitely generated projective Z[G]modules. In various cases we can relate these classes, and their function field counterparts, to the root number class of Fröhlich and Cassou-Noguès.     

Exact values of relative widths of classes of differentialbe functions

We study relative widths in the spacesC andL of classes of periodic differentiable functionsW ^r,r=1,2,…, when in contrast to the Kolmogorov widths it is additionally required that the approximating functions belong to the classMW ^r with a given majorantM of the norm of the derivative of orderr. It is proved that ifM satisfies the estimate

Polarizations of Prym varieties of pairs of coverings

To any pair of coverings f_i:X → X_i, i=1, 2, of smooth projective curves one can associate an abelian subvariety of the Jacobian J_X, the Prym variety P(f₁, f₂) of the pair (f₁, f₂). In some cases we can compute the type of the restriction of the canonical principal polarization of J_X. We obtain 2 families of Prym-Tyurin varieties of exponent 6. Received: 2 September 2004     

均值混合正态分布统计量的性质

这篇文章基于基因遗传背景,提出了一类均值混合正态分布,它不同于通常所讨论的方差混合正态分布. 作者研究了这类均值混合正态分布统计量的性质,给出了平移变换群下不变量的稳健性,即它与正态分布下该统计量有相同的性质, 并且讨论了其它统计量的分布.     

Joint Distributions of Numbers of Runs of Specified Lengths in a Sequence of Markov Dependent Multistate Trials

Let Z ₀, Z ₁,...,Z _n be a sequence of Markov dependent trials with state space Ω = {F ₁,...,F _λ, S ₁,...,S _ν}, where we regard F ₁,...,F _λ as failures and S ₁,...,S _ν as successes. In this paper, we study the joint distribution of the numbers of S _i -runs of lengths k _ij (i = 1,2,...,ν, j = 1,2,...,r _i ) based on four different enumeration schemes. We present formulae for the evaluation of the probability generating functions and the higher order moments of this distribution. In addition, when the underlying sequence is i.i.d. trials, the conditional distribution of the same run statistics, given the numbers of success and failure is investigated. We give further insights into the multivariate run-related problems arising from a sequence of the multistate trials. Besides, our results have potential applications to problems of various research areas and will come to prominence in the future. This research was partially supported by the ISM Cooperative Research Program (2004-ISM·CRP-2007).     

Bayes estimation of number of signals

Bayes estimation of the number of signals, q, based on a binomial prior distribution is studied. It is found that the Bayes estimate depends on the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix S for white-noise case and the eigenvalues of the matrix S ₂ (S ₁+A)^–1 for the colored-noise case, where S ₁ is the sample covariance matrix of observations consisting only noise, S ₂ the sample covariance matrix of observations consisting both noise and signals and A is some positive definite matrix. Posterior distributions for both the cases are derived by expanding zonal polynomial in terms of monomial symmetric functions and using some of the important formulae of James (1964, Ann. Math. Statist., 35, 475–501).